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Anat 100 - Endocrine System
Endocrine
46
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/19/2011

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Term

ENDOCRINE GLAND

Definition
Ductless, secrete hormones directly into bloodstream
Term
EXOCRINE GLAND
Definition
W/ducts, secrete into ducts that open to specific areas
Term
CHAKRA SYSTEM
Definition
Mapping of energy centers to ANS and Endocrine system
Term

 HORMONE

 

Definition

 Neurotransmitter found in bloodstream

 

Term

 HALF LIFE

 

Definition

 time required for half of hormone to be eliminated from bloodstream

 

Term

 TARGET

 

Definition

 Cell with 1 or more receptors for particular hormone

 

Term

 HYPERSECRETION

 

Definition

 Excess production of hormones

 

Term

 HYPOSECRETION

 

Definition

 Insufficient or lack of hormones

 

Term

 TROPIC HORMONES

 

Definition

 Produced by endocrine glands, affect other endocrine glands

 

Term

 HYPOTHALAMUS

 

Definition

 Link in body/mind and nerve/endocrine function, controller of pituitary gland

 

Term
PITUITARY GLAND
Definition
Small gland situated beneath the hypothalamus & the brain
Term
ANTERIOR LOBE OF PITUITARY
Definition
Produces growth hormone TSH, ACTH, Follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, melanocyte stimulating hormone
Term

 7 MAJOR HORMONES

 

Definition

 Growth hormone, TSH, ACTH, Follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, melanocyte stimulating hormone

 

Term
GROWTH HORMONE
Definition
Controls growth of bone and soft tissue
Term
THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)
Definition
stimulates thyroid gland, produces thyroid hormone & regulates metabolism
Term
ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH)
Definition
stimulates growth & development of adrenal cortex, produces steroid hormone (cortisol)
Term

 FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)

 

Definition

 Females, stimulates growth and maturation of ovarian follicles & estrogen. Men, sperm production

 

Term

 LUTEININZING HORMONE

 

Definition

 Women, causes ovulation, stim progestrone. Men, stim prod of testosterone

 

Term

 PROLACTIN

 

Definition

 Plays part in breast development, initiates milk production, role in immune function

 

Term

 MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE

 

Definition

 Acts on pigment cells in skin & adrenal glands

 

Term

 POSTERIOR LOBE OF PITUITARY

 

Definition

 NOT considered true endocrine gland b/c it does not synthesize hormones

 

Term

 OXYTOCIN

 

Definition

 Stimulates smooth miscle contraction (uterus), stim milk letdown, bonding hormone

 

Term

 ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (VASOPRESSIN)

 

Definition

 Strim kidneys to remove water from urine & release into bloodstream

 

Term

 THYROID GLAND

 

Definition

 Butterfly shaped, regulates metabolism

 

Term

 HYPERTHYROIDISM

 

Definition

 Thin hair, bulging eyes, heart failure, weight loss, sweaty palms, warm skin

 

Term

 HYPOTHYROIDISM

 

Definition

 Loss of hair, swelling around eyes, puffy face, constipation

 

Term

 PARATHYROID GLANDS

 

Definition

 4 round, pea-sized bodies, on the posterior surface of the thyroid lobes

 

Term

 PANCREAS

 

Definition

 Long, slender gland behind stomach, exocrine and endocrine gland

 

Term

 ISLETS OF LANGERHANS

 

Definition

 In the pancreas, produce the hormones Insulin and Glucagone

 

Term

 INSULIN

 

Definition

 Hormone; released by pancreas when levels of blood, sugar, amino acids and fatty acids rise

 

Term

 GLUCAGON

 

Definition

 Hormone, secreted by islets of Langerhans that increase blood glucose. The opposite of inculin

 

Term

 ADRENAL GLANDS

 

Definition

 2 glands that sit atop the kidneys, (kidney hats)

 

Term

 ADRENAL MEDULLA

 

Definition

 secretes 2 catecholamine (epinephrine & norepinephrine)

 

Term

 ADRENAL CORTEX

 

Definition

 secretes 3 major hormones; Cortisol, Aldosterone & Gonaducorticoids

 

Term

 CORTISOL

 

Definition

 Stress hormone

 

Term

 ALDOSTERONE

 

Definition

 mineral corticoid, causes kidneys to reabsorb more sodium and water and excrete more potassium and hydrogen

 

Term

 GONADOCORTICOIDS

 

Definition

 Sex hormone, similar to those produced by the ovaries & testes, but produced by the adrenal glands

 

Term

 TESTES

 

Definition

 Male gonads responsible for the production of androgens

 

Term

 OVARIES

 

Definition

 Female gonads responsible for the prod of the primary sex hormones, and relaxin near the end of pregnancy

 

Term

 PLACENTA

 

Definition

 Connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, is an endocrine gland

 

Term

 PINEAL GLAND

 

Definition
Tiny gland located inside diencephalons, secrete melatonin, light sensitive
Term

 THYMUS

 

Definition

 Gland located deep to the sternum, identified as the “Master” gland of the immune system

 

Term

 ENDORPHINS

 

Definition

 Work like morphine, synthesized in brain, primarily in the anterior lobe of pituitary

 

Term

 ERYTHROPOIETIN

 

Definition

 Produced by kidneys, stimulates production of red blood cells in bone marrow

 

Term

 TISSUE HORMONES

 

Definition

Unlike most that travel. These types work in the vicinity of or on the exact organs where they are found

Term
PROSTAGLANDINS
Definition

Local hormones, specific, highly concentrated and the shortest acting of the naturally occurring biologic compounds

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