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ANA 209 (Unit 2-Muscles)
University of Kentucky
92
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/09/2013

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Cards

Term
Frontalis
Definition

Origin: superficial skin of the forehead;frontalis

Insertion: Forehead skin above the eyebrows

Function: Raises the eyebrows

Nerve: Cranial VII

Term
Orbicularis Oculi
Definition

Origin: Frontalis;Maxilla

Insertion: Encircles the eye

Function: Sphincter; to close the eye

Nerve: Cranial VII

Term
Orbicularis Oris
Definition

Origin: Superficial skin of the mouth

Insertion: encircles the lips

Function: Sphincter; to close the mouth

Nerve: Cranial VII

Term
Depressor Anugli Oris
Definition

Origin: Mandible

Insertion: corners of mouth

Function: depresses the corners of the mouth

Nerve: Cranial VII

 

Term
Platysma
Definition

Origin: Clavical and skin of the neck

Insertion: Inferior quadrant of Mandible

Function: to tense the skin and fascia of the neck

Nerve: Cranial VII

Term
Zygomaticus Major
Definition

Origin: Zygomatic Arch

Insertion: corners of the mouth

Function: to elevate the corners of the mouth

Nerve: Cranial VII

Term
Masseter
Definition

Origin: Temporal, (zygomatic arch) Zygomatic

Insertion: Angle of the Mandible

Function: sidetoside motion of mastication

Nerve: Cranial V(3rd branch of Trigeminal nerve)

Term
Temporalis
Definition

Origin: Parietal, Frontal

Insertion: Cornoid Process of the Mandible

Function: Closer/Retractor of the Jaw

Nerve: Cranial V3

Term
Lateral Pterygoid
Definition

Origin: Lateral surface of the Lateral Pterygoid Plate of the Sphenoid

Insertion: Mandibular Condyle

Function: Dislocates jaw for mastication

Nerve:Cranial V3

Term
Medial Pterygoid
Definition

Origin: Medial surface of the Lateral Pterygoid Plate of the Sphenoid

Insertion: Medial surface of the Angle of the Mandible

Function: Dislocate jaw for mastication

Neve: Cranial V3

Term
Inferior Oblique
Definition

Origin: Medial wall of the Orbit

Insertion: Lateral Inferior quadrant of the eye; deep to the inferior rectus

Function: movement of the eye in the orbit

Nerve: Cranial III (occulomoter nerve)

Term
Superior Oblique
Definition

Origin: Apex of the Orbit

Insertion: Passes through the Trochlea and attaches to the Lateral Posterior Superior Quadrant of the eye

Function: move the eye within the orbit

Nerve: Cranial IV (trochlear nerve)

Term
Lateral Rectus
Definition

Origin: Apex of the Orbit

Insertion: Lateral pole of the eye

Function: move the eye within the orbit

Never: Cranial VI (Abducens nerve)

Term
Medial Rectus
Definition

Origin: Apex of the Orbit

Insertion: Medial pole of the eye

Function: move the eye within the orbit

Neve: Cranial III (Occulomotor nerve)

Term
Superior Rectus
Definition

Origin: Apex of the Orbit

Insertion: Superior pole of the eye

Function: move the eye within the Orbit

Nerve: Cranial III (Occulomotor nerve)

Term
Inferior Rectus
Definition

Origin: Apex of the Orbit

Insertion: Inferior pole of the eye

Function: move the eye within the Orbit

Nerve: Cranial III (Occulomotor nerve)

Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition

Origin: Sternum,Clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid Process

Function: Rotates and Orients the face cranially

Nerve: Cranial XI (Accessory nerve)

Term
suprahyoid
Definition

Origin: NA

Insertion: Hyoid

Function: aids in swallowing and moves larynx by elevating hyoid

Nerve: ansa cervicalus (C1,C2, C3)

Term
infrahyoids
Definition

Origin: NA

Insertion: Hyoid

Function: aids in swallowing; moves larynx by depressing hyoid 

Nerve: ansa cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)

Term
external intercostals
Definition

origin: Inferior margin of rib

insertion: superior margin of rib

function: elevates/depresses ribs for respiration

nerve: ventral ramus of nerve

Term
inner intercostals
Definition

origin: inferior margin of rib

insertion: superior margin of rib

function: elevate/depress ribs for respiration

nerve: ventral ramus of spinal nerve

Term
innermost intercostals
Definition

origin: inferior margin of rib

insertion: superior margin of rib

function: elevate/depress ribs for respiration

nerve: ventral ramus of spinal nerve

Term
tranverse abdominal oblique
Definition

origin: posterior surface of ribs 5-12, lumbodorsal fascia, ilium, and iguinal ligament

insertion: linea alba of rectus fascia

function: rectactor of abdominal viscera

nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Term
internal abdominal oblique
Definition

origin: lumbodosal fascia, ilium, and iguinal ligament

insertion: linea alba of rectus fascia

function: retraction of visceral organs

nerve: ventral rami of spinal nerves

Term
external abdominal oblique
Definition

origin: posterior surface of ribs 5-12

insertion: linea alba of rectus fascia

function: retractor of abdominal viscera

nerve: ventral rami of spinal nerves

Term
serratus posteror superior
Definition

origin: spinous process of upper thoracic vertebrae

insertion: superior borders of ribs 2-4

function: retractor of errector spinae

nerve: dorsal rami of respective spinal nerves

Term
serratus posterior inferior
Definition

origin: spinous process of lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae

insertion: inferior border of ribs 8-12

function: retractor of errector spinae

nerve: dorsal rami of respective spinal nerves

Term
erector spinae (spinalis)
Definition

origin: spinous process of vertebrae

insertion: spinous process of vertebrae

function: postural muscle; flex/extend spine

nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Term
erector spinae (longissimus)
Definition

origin: transverse process of vertebrae

insertion: tranverse process of vertebrae

function: postural muscle; flexor/extensor of spine

nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Term
erector spinae (iliocostalis)
Definition

origin: ilium, lumbar transverse processes

insertion: angle of the ribs

function: postural muscle; flex/extend spine

nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Term
splenius capitis
Definition

origin: cervical vertebrae

insertion: occipital

function: extends the head/holds it up

nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Term
levator scapula
Definition

origin: transverse process cervical vertabrae

insertion: superior/medial angle of scapula

function: elevates scapula

nerve: dorsal nerve of scapula

Term
rhomboid (major)
Definition

origin: thoracic vertebrae

insertion: medial harder of scapula below spine

function: retract/elevate scapula

nerve: dorsal nerve of scapula

Term
rhomboid (minor)
Definition

origin: thoracic vertebrae

insertion: medial borde of scapula above spine

function: elevates/retracts scapula

nerve: dorsal nerve of scapula

 

Term
trapezius
Definition

origin: occipital, nucheal ligament, thoracic vertebrae

insertion: scapula and clavicle

function: retract, elevate/depress scapula

nerve: dorsal nerve of scapula

Term
pectoralis minor
Definition

origin: ribs 4-6

insertion: corcoid process of scapula

function: protracts scapula

nerve: medial/lateral pectoral nerve

Term
serratus anterior
Definition

origin: anterior chest wall (on ribs)

insertion: anterior surface of the medial border of scapula

function: protract scapula/ rotates scapula so that the glenoid fossa is oriented cranially

nerve: long thoracic nerve

 

Term
pectoralis major
Definition
origin: clavical, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1-6
insertion: anterior surface of proximal humerus
function: holds upper limb to trunk, ADducts the arm, and medially rotates the humerus
nerve: medial/laterl pectoral nerve
Term
Deltoid
Definition
origin: acromion and spine of scapula;clavicle
insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
function: 15-90 degrees
nerve: axillary (armpit) nerve
Term
Teres Major
Definition
Origin: Inferior angle of Scapula
Insertion: Anterior surface of proximal humerus
Function: extends/medially rotates humerus; contributes to arm swinging
Nerve: Lower subscapular n.
Term
Latissimus Dorsi
Definition
Origin: Ilium, lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Anterior surface of proximal humerus
Function: Helps attach arm to trunk, ADducts and medially rotates humerus; aids in swinging
Nerve: Thoracodorsal
Term
biceps brachii
Definition
origin: Long head(supraglenoid tuberosity) Short head (coracoid process)
insertion: radial tuberosity
Function: major flexor of elbow and major supinator of forearm
Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
Term
coracobrachialis
Definition
origin: coracoid process
insertion: anterior surface of proximal humerus
function: flexor and medial rotater of arm
nerve: musculocutaneous nerve
Term
supraspinatus
Definition
origin: posterior scapula (supraspinatus fossa)
insertion: Greater Tubercle
function: rotator cuff
nerve: suprascapular nerve
Term
infraspinatus
Definition
origin: posterior scapula (infraspinatus fossa)
insertion: Greater Tubercle
Function: rotator cuff
nerve: suprascapular nerve
Term
teres minor
Definition
origin: lateral border/posterior scapula
insertion: Greater Tubercle
function: rotator cuff
nerve: axillary (armpit nerve)
Term
subscapularis
Definition
origin: anterior scapula (subscapular fossa)
insertion: Lesser Tubercle
function: rotator cuff
nerve: subscapular nerve
Term
triceps brachii
Definition
origin: Long head( infraglenoid tubercle) medial and short heads (posterir humeral shaft
insertion: olechranon process of ulna
function: major extensors of arm and forearm
nerve: radial nerve
Term
supinator
Definition
origin: lateral epicondyle
insertion: proximal radial shaft
function: aids in supination
nerve: radial nerve
Term
pronator teres
Definition
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: radial shaft
function: pronation
nerve: median nerve
Term
pronator quadratus
Definition
origin: distal ulnar shaft
insertion: distal radial shaft
function: pronation
nerve: medial nerve
Term
brachioradialus
Definition
origin: lateral side of distal humerus
insertion: lateral surface of radius
function: major flexor of elbow
nerve: radial nerve
Term
flexor carpi radialis
Definition
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: base of metacarpals on radial side of wrist
function: flexor/ABductor of wrist
nerve: median nerve
Term
palmaris longus
Definition
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: palmar aponeurosis
function: tenses aponeurosis
nerve: median nerve
Term
flexor carpi ulnaris
Definition
origin: medial epicondyle
insertion: carpals of ulnar side of wrist
nerve: ulnar nerve
Term
flexor digitorium superficialis
Definition
origin: medial epicondyle, superior half of radius
insertion: middle phalanges of digits II-V
function: flexes the wrist, metacarpalphalangeal joints and the proximal and interphalangeal joint of digits II through V, weak flexor of elbow
nerve: median nerve
Term
flexor pollicis longus
Definition
origin: Radius and interosseous membrane
insertion: distal phalanx of digit I
function: long flexor of thumb
nerve: median nerve
Term
flexor digitorium profundus
Definition
origin: proximal ulna and interosseous membrane
insertion: Distal phalanges of digits II - V
function: (deep Flexor of the digits) flexes the wrist, metacarpalphalangeal joints and all interphalangeal joints of digits II through V
nerve: dual innervation- median on II-IV and ulnar on V
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Definition
origin: lateral epicondyle
function: Base of metacarpals on radial side
nerve: radial nerve
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Definition
origin: lateral epicondyle
insertion: base of metacarpals on ulnar side
function: extend wrist
nerve: radial nerve
Term
Extensor digitorium
Definition
origin: lateral epicondyle
insertion: distal phalanx of digits II-V
function: extends phalanxs
nerve:radial
Term
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Definition
origin: lateral expicondyle
insertion: distal phalanx of digit V
function: extends little digit
nerve: radial
Term
extensor indicus
Definition
origin: posterior ulna
insertion: middle and distal phalanges of digit II
function: extends digit II
nerve: radial
Term
extensor pollicus longus
Definition
origin: posterior ulna
insertion: distal phalanx of digit I
function: extends pollux
nerve: radial nerve
Term
extensor pollicis brevis
Definition
origin: posterior radius
insertion: proximal phalanx of digit I
function: extends pollux
nerve: radial nerve
Term
ABductor pollicis longus
Definition
origin: posterior radius and ulna
insertion: base of 1st metacarpal
function: ABducts thumb
nerve: radial nerve
Term
ABductor pollicis
Definition
origin: carpals on radial side
insertion: lateral surface of proximal phalanx of digit I
function: ABduct thumb
nerve: radial
Term
flexor pollicis
Definition
origin: carpals on radial side
insertion: surface of proximal phalanx I
function: flex thumb
nerve: radial
Term
opponens pollicis
Definition
origin: carpals on radial side
insertion: 1st metacarpal
function: opposes the thumb
nerve: radial
Term
ADductor pollicis
Definition
origin: Transverse head – body of the 3rd metacarpal and Oblique head – wrist
insertion: proximal phalanx of digit I
function: ADduct thumb
nerve: ulnar
Term
abductor digit minimi
flexor digiti minimi
Definition
origin: carpals on ulnar side
insertion: medial surface of proximal phalanx digit V
function: ABduct/flex thumb
nerve: ulnar
Term
abductor digit minimi
flexor digiti minimi
Definition
origin: carpals on ulnar side
insertion: medial surface of proximal phalanx digit V
function: ABduct/flex thumb
nerve: ulnar
Term
opponens digiti minimi
Definition
origin: carpals on ulnar side
insertion: medial side of metacarpal digit V
function: opposes little digit
nerve: ulnar nerve
Term
Lumbricals
Definition
origin: tendons of flexor digitorium profundus
insertion: proximal phalanges digits II-V
function: flex metacarplaphalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
nerve: 1st and 2nd lumbricals, which are innervated by the median nerve, III-V are ulnar
Term
Palmar Interossei mm.
Dorsal Interossei mm.
Definition
origin: Metacarpals
insertion: Proximal Phalanges
function: fills the hollows of the palms
nerve: ulnar
Term
Iliacus
Definition
origin: iliac crest and fossa
insertion: lesser trochanter (as iliopsoas tendon)
function: flexing the hip joint on the thigh
nerve: femoral nerve
Term
Psoas major
Definition
origin: lumbar vertebrae
insertion: lesser trochanter (as ilipsoas tendon)
function: flexing the hip join on the thigh
nerve: lumbar plexus
Term
Tensor fascia Lata
Definition
origin: iliac crest
insertion: iliotibial band
function: contracts to tighten the iliotibial band and assist in bracing the knee when you raise the opposite foot in normal gait (walking).
Nerve: superior gluteal nerve
Term
gluteus maximus
Definition
origin: iliac blade and sacrum
insertion: posterior femoral shaft and iliotibial band
function: major hip extensor
nerve: inferior gluteal nerve
Term
gluteus medius
gluteus minim
Definition
origin: lateral surface of illium
insertion: greater trochanter
function: ABducts/medially rotates femur
nerve: superior gluteal nerve
Term
piriformis
Definition
origin: sacrum
insertion: greater trochanter
function: laterally rotates femur. oppose medial rotation
nerve: sacral plexus
Term
superior gemellus
Definition
origin: ischial spine
insertion: greater tuberosity
function: laterally rotate femur
nerve: sacral plexus
Term
obturator internis
Definition
origin: ischium and pubis
insertion: greater trochanter
function: laterally rotates femur
nerve: sacral plexus
Term
inferior gemellus
Definition
origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: greater trochanter
function: laterally rotates femur
nerve: sacral plexus
Term
quadratus femoris
Definition
origin: Ischial tuberosity
insertion: below Greater Trochanter
function: lateral rotation of femur
nerve: sacral plexus
Term
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Definition
origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia
function: extend hip/flex knee
nerve: sciatic nerve
Term
biceps femoris
Definition
origin: Long head – Ischial tuberosity Short head – Posterior femur
insertion: lateral surface of proximal tibia
function: flex knee/extend hip
nerve: sciatic nerve
Term
pectineus
Definition
origin: Pubis
insertion: lateral femoral shaft
function: ADDuctor of thigh
nerve: obturator nerve
Term
ADDuctor brevis
ADductor longus
Definition
origin: Pubis
insertion: Posterior shaft of femur
function: ADduct thigh
nerve: obturator nerve
Term
ADDuctor brevis
ADductor longus
Definition
origin: Pubis
insertion: Posterior shaft of femur
function: ADduct thigh
nerve: obturator nerve
Term
ADductor magnus
Definition
origin: Anteriorly – pubis Posteriorly – ischial tuberosity
inserton: posterior shaft of femur and medial epicondyle
function: ADduct thigh/ also extends hip
nerve: orburator nerve
Term
gracilis
Definition
origin: pubis
insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia
function: ADduct thigh
nerve: orburator
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