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AMH2020
N/A
98
History
Undergraduate 3
04/25/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
"Collective Series"
Definition
Alliances w/ non-communist countries
Term
"Spheres of Influence"
Definition
Soviet Unions "satellite" countries
; provides "buffer" zone between Allies/USSR
Term
"Iron Curtain"
Definition
Winston Churchill speech; nickname of USSR
Term
George Kennan
Definition
founded the idea of "containment"
;did not want to stop communism(X-Article)
Term
Truman Doctrine
Definition
Will support ANY country fight communism
Term
Marshall plan
Definition
form of economic containment; gives $3 billion to rebuild Europe following WWII
Term
Berlin Airlift
1948-1949
Definition
wanted to resupply Berlin; USSR cut road connection to Berlin; forces Stalin to reopen roads
Term
National Security Act
Definition
Creates CIA; Creates Sec. of Defense; Makes Joint-Chief of staff permanent position; Creates National Security council
Term
NATO
Definition
formalizes alliance w/ Allies (U.S);
First Alliance since Amer. Rev.
Term
Warsaw Pact
Definition
Stalin's counter to Nato
Term
Mao Zweng
Definition
gains control of China; forms communist China government
Term
NSC-68
Definition
"Blueprint of cold war"; wanted large military buildup; Paul Nitze= head of National Security Council
Term
Korean War
Definition
Douglas MacArthur leads U.S. troops; Turning point in cold war; MacArthur asked to nuke N.K.(refused by pres.); both agree to armistance
Term
"Military Industrial Complex"
Definition
wanted more military/business relations
Term
"The New Look"
Definition
wanted advanced warfare weapons; Eisenhower backed; increase nukes, increase NASA spending; "Massive Retaliation" strategy
Term
Hungarian Uprising
Definition
Nikita Khurshev=leader of USSR; wanted Russia to revert to "True" form of Communism ("Destalinization"); USSR puts down rebellion
Term
Suez Canal Crisis
Definition
Egypt pres. siezes control of Suez (U.S. pressured to stop trade w/ China); U.K./France/Israel attack to reopen canal
Term
Sputnik
Definition
Soviet space satellite; sparked creation of NASA; Sparks "space race"
Term
Fidel Castro
Definition
gains control of Cuba; begins trade w/ Soviet Union
Term
Bay of Pigs
Definition
Cuban rebels try to overthrow Fidel regime; U.S. secretly backed; Failed because of no air support/Fidel knew of raid; Kennedy's biggest blunder
Term
Cuban Missile Crisis
Definition
Soviets supply cuba w/ nukes; Kennedy issues Naval Quarantine on offensive military weapons; Khurshev removes nukes from Cuba/U.S. removes missiles from Turkey
Term
Detente
Definition
period of relaxation of tensions between Soviet/U.S.
Term
SALT Treaty
Definition
both U.S./USSR agree to limit offensive missiles
Term
TEST-Ban Treaty
Definition
testing of military weapons must be underground
Term
G.I. Bill of Rights
Definition
troops begin to demobilize; gives troops free education; gives veterans low interest loans; helped stop flood of job market
Term
HUAC
Definition
investigates communist supporters in U.S.; Kennedy backed; most famous case= Julius/Ethel Rosenburg
Term
Joseph McCarthy
Definition
"Second Red Scare/"McCarthyism"; claims to have large list of communists in US; loses pop. in Army hearing(accues American Hero's of being communist)
Term
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Definition
first rep. to gain south vote; pro nukes/airpower; "Hidden Hand" presidency
Term
Affluent Society
Definition
white middle class America; book explains growth in private sectors of America
Term
Levittown, NY
Definition
creation of suburbs; encouraged vetreans to buy houses(cheap); Bill Levit= founder
Term
Elvis Presley
Definition
first of rock n' roll era
Term
"The Beats"
Definition
French youth movement; famous supporters= Allen Ginsburg/JAck Kerouac; first to fight conformity; pro-drug use
Term
Women in 50's
Definition
increase in college women; ideal women was still housewife
Term
Interstate Highway Act
Definition
connects suburbs to city; roads also served as emergency bomber runways
Term
NAACP
Definition
W.E.B. Dubois=founder; white/black members; challenged laws in court; wanted anti-lyching/anti jim crow laws
Term
UNIA
Definition
Marcus Garvey= founder; "Black is Beautiful" slogan; pushed for blacks to migrate back to Africa; deported back to Caribbean
Term
Harlem Reinisance
Definition
sparked by Langston Hughes; large accpetance to black culture
Term
Brown v. BOE
Definition
outlaws segregration; gave no timeline to end segregration
Term
White Citizen Council
Definition
formed in wake of Brown decision; beleived in "massive resistance"=keeping schools white only
Term
South Manifesto
Definition
states Brown V. BOE is wrong; wanted case overturned
Term
Little Rock
Definition
The Little Rock 9; gov. calls national guard to stop intergration of school; Forces Eisenhower to send 101 airborne to segregrate school; public schools close and begins large creation of private school
Term
Montgomery
Definition
busy boycott(Rosa Parks); earliest MLK jr. movement; wanted Courteous drivers/first come first serve seating/ black bus drivers for black communiteis
Term
Brawder V. Gale
Definition
outlaws bus segreation
Term
SCLC
Definition
founder=MLK jr.; wanted to inform people of protest/focues on public action(protest)/political arm of black chruch/ability to control black movement
Term
SNCC
Definition
wanted more freedom than SCLC; no head leader; creation of sit-ins
Term
George Wallace
Definition
stops univ. of Alabama from becoming intergrated; famous speech= Segregation forever; removed from office for defying fed. order
Term
Election of 1960
Definition
JFK v. Nixon; Televised debates(JFK gains support); JFK wins and appoints GREAT cabinet
Term
Lee Harvey Oswald
Definition
assasiantes JFK; killed by Jack Ruby while in police custody
Term
Warren Commision report
Definition
wanted to end conspiracy surrounding JFK death; states Oswald was solo shooter
Term
Lyndon B. Johnson
Definition
"Johnson Treatment"; wanted to continue New Deal; "Great Society"; gains pres. after JFK death
Term
"Great Society"
Definition
Lyndon Johnson plan to help ALL US citizens
Term
Economic Opportunity Act
Definition
creates job corps(trains unemployed); protected Head Start program(helps disadvantaged children); VISTA(send college kids to poor areas to volunteer)
Term
Medic Care Act
Definition
gives aid to elderly/poor; medical side to SS
Term
Immigration Act of 1965
Definition
ends ALL regualtions on immigration
Term
Malcolm X
Definition
black radical; orignally support of Nation of Islam; later revert to "true" Islam and becomes less radical; despises MLK jr. movement;
Term
Nation of Islam
Definition
founder= Elijah Muhammed; thought whites were crazy; wanted race seperation
Term
Black Panthers
Definition
black power movement; beleif in black self defense; proposed 10 point plan
Term
10 point plan
Definition
Black panther movement idea; wanted end of conscription/better housing and education/trial by peers/realses blacks from jail/no white business in black communites
Term
Watts 1965
Definition
First race riots in US
Term
MLK Jr.
Definition
leader of SLCL; able to work w/ whites unlike Malcolm X; killed by James Earl Ray; death= end of civil rights era
Term
CRA of 1960
Definition
Eisenhower passed; creates civil rights section in justice department/fed. civ. rights commission
Term
24th amendment
Definition
prevents states from issuing poll taxes on fed. elections
Term
CRA of 1960
Definition
Eisenhower; fed. gov. can investigate local voting rights and issues laws in punishment
Term
CRA of 1964
Definition
"Great Society"; prevents discrimination in public areas; no race discrimination in job hiring
Term
Voting Rights act of 1965
Definition
allows fed. workers in polling stations where racism occurs; outlaws ALL poll taxes/literacy tests; allows gov. to send in workers where >50% minority registered voters
Term
CRA of 1968
Definition
"Great Society"; provides protection to civil rights workers; Fair housing commericals
Term
Busing
Definition
way of desegrating schools; buses diff. races to schools to intergrate school; disliked by many
Term
"Affirmative Action"
Definition
Helps ALL race/genders; Johnson's plan but Nixon expanded; point scale on standard testing(hurt asian men the most)
Term
Univ. of Cali v. Bakke
Definition
sues cause of denial to med. school; court rules support for affimative action/no quota system
Term
Ho Chi Minh
Definition
Declares north vietnam independent; begins to attack south vietnam
Term
Viet Cong
Definition
north vietnamese troops
Term
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
Definition
2 US ships are supposably attacked off coast of vietnam; Lyndon johnson recivies "blank check" for vietnam;
Term
"Teach ins"
Definition
sit and debates about Vietnam War; protests against draft; large faculty/student support
Term
Tet Offensive
Definition
Viet cong suprise attack on US embassy; Walter Cronkite claims war is "unwinnable"
Term
Election of 1968
Definition
most contest election; Nixon v. Wallace; Wallace=pro-segreation/Nixon="silent majority"; Nixon wants end of war (Peace with Honor)
Term
Chicago 1968
Definition
protestors gathered at democartic convention; creation of "street theather"; Johnsons VP elected which sparked protesting
Term
Students for Democratic Society
Definition
part of New Left; college kid movement; Port Huron statement= questions the lose of individual rights
Term
Free speech movement
Definition
Mario Savio= founder; focused on campus issues(no scantron/smaller class sizes/unneeded classes);PART OF NEW LEFT
Term
Rachel Carson
Definition
author of "Silent Spring"; claims DDt is harmful; creation of earth day
Term
Hippies
Definition
mainly white upper class; Woodstock Music Festival= highlight of hippie era
Term
Betty Friedman
Definition
author of "Female Mystique"; shows "desperate housewife" problem
Term
National Organization for Women
Definition
first pres.=Betty Friedman; wanted job equality; founded on belief of Friedmans book
Term
Title IX
Definition
part of General Election Act; Univ. must accept/intergrate women; equal # of male/female sports
Term
Roe V. Wade 1973
Definition
legalizes abortion
Term
Equal Rights Amendment
Definition
Alice paul pushed for in 20's; loses by 3 states
Term
Phyllis Schlaftly
Definition
Against feminist movement(STOP-ERA); argues amendment will allow same sex marriage/legalize abortion/end mothers day/women can be drafted
Term
Vietnaminzation
Definition
Nixon/Kissinger plan; 3 part plan; 1) south vietnam takes over fighting/aruges against draft(replaces draft w/ lottery system)/Withdraw US troops from Vietnam
Term
Cambodia
Definition
Nixon wanted to bomb trails used by Viet Cong; thought it would end Vietnam War;
Term
Kent State Univ. 1970
Definition
protest against Nixon's plan(Vietnamization); Ohio nat. guard open fires on protestors
Term
Paris Peace Accord
Definition
ends US involvemnt in Vietnam; Communist gains control of south
Term
China 1972
Definition
Nixon opens realtions w/ China; Nixons "crowning" achievment; used to add pressure on USSR(Arms control pacts); gains Nixon his reelection
Term
1972 Election
Definition
Nixon v. McGovern
Term
Watergate hotel
Definition
5 men from CRP(Nixon's election commitee); place wire taps on democrats phones; Nixon particapted in cover-up
Term
US v Nixon
Definition
forces Nixon to release taped memos; no incrimating evidence(Nixon sec. deleted 18 mins of tape); begins Nixon impeachment
Term
Gerald Ford
Definition
gains pres. after Nixon resigns; pardons Nixon(disliked by public)
Term
War Power act of 1973
Definition
limits pres. power to send troops overseas; only send troops for 60 days w/o congress approval; Congressional response to Watergate
Term
Campaign finace disclosure
Definition
canidates/politcal party must document donations above $200;Congressional response to Watergate
Term
Freedom of Info Act
Definition
limits gov. secercy; gov. becomes more transparent; Congressional response to Watergate
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