Term
Ran against henry clay
made present day boundary; oregon & canada
exponisist; believes in manifest destiny |
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| Spanish texas was a buffer colony to protect mexico from french invasion. American _________ or land pirates used force to try and seize mexico |
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| Famous filibuster, took San antonio. Killed anyone in his way, spanish faught him and left U.S. bodies on field to warn others. Illegal invasion |
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| convinced TX to let US move in, made money off lead and uses TX to resell idea to people. Brought 300 families to TX.US ppl could come to TX just had to be catholic |
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Definition
| Austin Moses & Stephen F Austin |
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mexican army would patrol borders
enforce tariff on US goods |
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| andrew jacksons right hand man, gov of tenn, lives with cherokee indians, sent to TX to make trade agreements |
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| 5x MX president, lead mexico in the war, dictator over mexico, |
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| houston attacks mexico and santa anna, S.A. escapes. brings in farmer and all prisoners worship so know its S.A. |
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| largest assault by amphibious troops, took Vera Cruz, Sent Lee to surprise Santa Anna, |
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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Definition
| mexico relinquished tx,az,nm and cali to the US, US/Mexico border at Rio Grande, US paid 15 million to MX for war damages, |
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| first state to emancipate slaves |
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| only state to free all slaves at once |
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| ran by quakers in 1790s, organized escape route from south to north. hid in houses during day and traveled at night till canada |
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| slavery will awaken the country like a firebell in the night |
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| most famous conductor, helped almost 300 slaves, |
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| equal balance of senators from free/slave states in the Senate. Missouri will upset the balance if it enters the union. Missouri comes in as slave state and Maine comes in as free state, Henry Clay takes it farther. Says from the southern border of Missouri, no other slaves can enter the Louisiana Purchase Territory (north of Missouri). |
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| American Colonization Society |
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Definition
| 1826-1820’s any politician in Washington was a member. Wanted to buy land in Africa and take free slaves there. Bought land in west Africa & called it Liberia. “this is not the land of their fathers, take them home & let them breath” |
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| preachers in the north you have to fight against slavery because its evil and give up alcohol because it leaves to problems. |
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| original issue was to make people stop drinking. Arrested for slander of slave dealers. Started a newspaper The Liberator in 1831. You should leave ur church and government if they are not helping. In favor of women’s equality & slaves should have equal roles. |
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| wrote book from slaves point of view. starts paper called North Star telling readers to stay involved in politics. |
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| born in south Carolina to a slave holding family. Raised among slavery but converted to quaker religion and became strong anti-slavery speakers. |
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| American Anti-slave society |
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Definition
| avolitionist sent out speakers to talk about anti-slavery. printed a book 1000 Witnesses, also made board games for kids, |
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Definition
| gains members due to threat of moving slavery out west. Turns to FREE SOIL PARTY. 1848. Introduce Offer free land out west because land will be divided into small farms so big plantations with slaves wont exist. Wants railroads from north to west to northern can travel and settle west. |
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Definition
| andrew jackson died, so whigs join Free Soil party, no slaves out west, RR out there to combine places. |
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| state divided in 2 colonies, east & west, Eastern were superior. West side became involved in fur trade. East more agricultural. |
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| stated large plantations in FL. Brought the largest # of indentured servants to US at one time. plantation failed due to location & was abandoned |
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| Spanish come into Fl and fight to take it back |
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Term
| First Seminole Indian War |
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Definition
| Jackson - attacked FL to push seminoles out. Took st mark & drove all seminoles out of north FL |
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| seminoles had to stay on 4 million acres in south fl |
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| spain sold FL for 5 million to US. Jackson served as first governor. |
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| most important city in East after FL boomed with cotton and such, shipped lumber & naval things |
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| wealthiest, most power due to slavery and agriculture |
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| wanted to separate from FL and join alabama |
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| wanted to break away from other two and be by itself (part of fl) |
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seminoles named Wildman,
whites moving in and seminoles ready to fight |
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| 136 soliders killed by seminoles |
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| battle of lake okeechobee |
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Definition
| seminoles were defeated after 10,000 US move in to fight them. never had a treaty to end war |
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| side with Whigs, slavery shouldnt be expanded, attached the Wilmot Proviso to war appropriateions bill saying any land from MX cant have slaves. was blocked in senate & started war in senate |
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Definition
| zachary taylor runs after never ever voting & wins presidency. |
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Definition
| against expansion of slavery, introduced homestead act to move settlers to new territories and believed in high tariffs |
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Term
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Definition
| was a gold rush, ppl finally moved there and wanted to be a free state but this would unbalance the senate. Led to fights and southern sucession thoughts |
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Term
| henry clay, leader of the senate |
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Definition
| compromise = cali free and resst of mexican war territory remain w/o slavery or free status and be decided by the ppl of the territories. abolish slave TRADE in district of columbia, give part of TX to NM, south didnt like this |
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Definition
| asked northerns to accept Clays compromise to keep south from leaving |
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Definition
| said no clay compromise, must keep the south in line. |
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Definition
| Broke apart clay compromise to get consensus on each part and seperate bills |
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Term
| stronger fugitive slave act |
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Definition
paid 10 to return slave & 5 to free them
marshals must help find slaves and fined if they refused |
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Term
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Definition
| It allowed people in the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery within their borders. The Act served to repeal the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which prohibited slavery north of latitude 36°30´. |
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Definition
| all tried to buy cuba from spain for southerners to have slaves |
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| cuban exile, wanted to establish an independent government in cuba, asked southerners to help and hed give them slavery. 1. almost to cuba & british chased him back to the keys. 2. land in cuba, burn some towns. wanted LEE to lead and he said no, had senator's sons crittenton, with him & 1 of every 10 were beheaded then he was strangeled in havana. |
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| medical genius, wanted to lead a country, went to Cali for gold, tried taking BAJA from MX. he was defeated and looked to Nicaragua. Established a gov here barely anyone cared. Kicked out by central americans, british hand him over to Nicaragua who kill him. |
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Term
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Definition
| south failed at moving slavery outside of US and went back to fighting to keep it in states |
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Term
| Stephen Douglas & Kansas Nebraska Act |
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Definition
| wanted RR from chicago to san francisco. had to have territories to build this. Southerners say okay if 2 new territories can decided on slavery by the ppl there |
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Definition
| northern whigs, north pissed about Kansas-Nebraska act; based on who ever votes wins slave or free act, ____ party forms in north |
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| told us senate Missouri ppl would control vote and treat abolitionist bad and hurt them. leader of the south when ppl fled to kansas to vote for slavery |
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| kansas won slave state, anti slavery ppl dont care and 2 governments, war starts. Bleeding Kansas |
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Term
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Definition
| called the free gov of kansas rebels and agreed with the pro-slavery in kansas |
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Term
| Massachusetts immigrant society |
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Definition
| sent rifles to the abolitionist marked bible crates. built camp in lawrence, kansas and was attacked by pro-slavery ppl, ppl and town burned to ground. |
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Definition
| abolitionist, failed sheep farmer, believed he was God's gift to end slavery and destroy all southerners. Pottawotomie Creek- brown beheaded 5 pro-slavery ppl, 2 million dollars of property burned, and killed more than 200 ppl. |
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Definition
| made fun of southerners on senate floor, made Crime Against Kansas Speech. Attacked butler & butlers nephew, preston brooks beat up ______ in the chamber. preston books hero to southerners |
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Definition
| know-nothing party, stop immigration into the country, nativist party. refused to be democrats |
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Term
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Definition
| wrote uncle tom's cabin, 300,000 copies sold first year, argued slavery was morally wrong. book illistrated how cruel slavery was |
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Term
| southern reasoning for slavery |
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Definition
| society same as greece & rome w/slavery, used bible to say there were slaves, did not believe women should have a voice |
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Term
| southern react to uncle toms cabin |
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Definition
| banned book, outraged that stowe used bible to argue slavery was allowed |
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Term
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Definition
| case of missouri court refusing to free a man, supreme court trial. Chief Justice Taney decided: Slaves not citizens of US, Missouri Compromise unconstitutional (opening all territory for slavery) because forbid ppl from taking their property anywhere, slaves cant sue in court, temporary residences does not make slave free. Republicans outraged!! |
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Term
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Definition
NC grew up in slave holding family… later became an abolitionist.
Wrote a book called the impending crisis of the south. Basically said slavery has caused the south to fall so behind that they are in economic difficulty. Because slavery exists in the south that they did not industrialize, there aren’t enough factories, the north was using free labor and out producing the south in most agricultural products. Small farmers in south could not make a living because of large plantations in the south. Southerners were upset and drove him out of the south. |
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Definition
| selected by republicans from Illinois, well known lawyer, became leader of the party and ran for office later |
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Term
| Lincoln / Douglas Debates = Freeport |
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Definition
| most famous debate between Linc/Douglas; lincoln asked douglas if slavery could be kept out of new territories with Dred Scott,Douglas said slavery could not exist in territories if slave codes did not exist. Southerners went nuts and dropped douglas for this. |
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Definition
| US arsenal, lead slave rebellion in appalacian mnts, raised $ for force, freed 11 slaves, traveled to Harpers Ferry._______ seized arsenal & died a martyr. LEE caught him & stopped it, ____ was hung. |
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Term
| John Brown - harpers ferry |
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Definition
| Blamed his raid for many more in south & thought was conspiratorial and north faked punishing him |
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Term
| Democratic Convention, 1860 |
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Definition
| held in charleston, NC, southerners wanted to amend the constitution for slave coes to get around Douglas/Freeport doctrine. They wanted national slave codes. Douglas said no. Northerners would not allow & deep south walked out on north & north southerners. |
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Term
| National Democratic Convention 2` |
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Definition
| again, in Baltimore, deep south walked out and northern south elected douglas. deep south elected Breckenridge (with slave codes) & lost it for them because they divided the south & north was bigger now. |
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Definition
| led by stephen douglas, support popular sovereignty & hold 3/5 majority. |
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Definition
| led by Brekenridge, pass federal slave codes for territories |
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Definition
| held in chicago, no slavery in territories platform but it could remain where it was, bind west together to promise RR and land grant colleges, high tarriff to protect american industry. (Based on Whig platform) |
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Term
| Republican candidates, 1860 |
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Definition
Cameron - member many parties/crooked
Chase - sen. Ohio, immediate emancipation
Seward - gov. NY, john brown raid connections |
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Definition
| well balanced candidate for republicans, from election state, cut the lights after winning 2nd & persuaded others away from steward; nominated as republican leader |
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Definition
| promised homestead act, no more slavery spread, high tarrif, well known |
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Term
| Constitutional Union Party |
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Definition
| upper south & border states, goal to cause a tie, scared of becoming the battlefield. had no platform. wanted house to find someone to hold US together |
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Term
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Definition
| south didnt put lincoln on ballet, he won 40% vote, Lincolns Inaugural address promises to enforce the fugitive slave act and not interfere with slavery where it exists |
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Term
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Definition
| after SC and states leave union, compromise from _____ : fugitive slave law enforced, personal liberty laws done away with, amendment to ensure slavery forever in sotuh. Lincoln says YES; South Feds say NO |
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| after SC & states leave union, same as other, Missouri compromise extended to Cali giving south more room, Lincoln says NO and confed south says YES |
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Term
| Confederate states of america |
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Definition
| in montgomery alabama, Jefferson Davis becomes president of ________ the southern new government. took most of US constitution & added 6 yr president term & protected slavery |
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Definition
| charleston harber, SC. - Anderson the union commander blocks off harber and controls. Lincoln sends supply to Anderson & confederates (Beauregard) fire first. Union patriotism booms!! south is aggressor & war started. Anderson surrendered. |
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| Border states, didnt want to fight fellow south |
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Definition
| VA, NC, ARK, TENN. did not join when lincoln asked for 75,000 volunteers. |
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Term
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| tried to tear down confederate flag at hotel & is shot. first blood of civil war & his men come back and shoot the hotel owner. |
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Term
| Civil War Population Quotes |
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Definition
union - north - 23 million loyal - 22 states
confederates - south - 9 million 3/9 slaves 11 states |
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Definition
| 20,000 miles RR, ppl to build and conduct, engineers, all RR stuff built in _____, 9x industry compatibly, produced 97% fire arms, 90% boots, 94% clothing & controlled gunpowder factory |
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Definition
| war fought on their land, knew land well, not stretched across land, interior lines of communication, quick responses among troops, felt obligated to protect their ways. |
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Definition
| thought ____ was weak, thought _____ bunch of city boys who couldnt fight, made underestimate #'s, not immune to disease |
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| contained 10 companies, each company 100 men from a city, women of city sewed them a flag, |
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| north would establish a blockade of the coast to stop south imports. also wanted north to seize Mississippi River cutting Feds in 2. Didnt want to loose men but Lincoln wanted more of an attack & quicker win. |
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| confederate capital, Lincoln always planned to take |
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Definition
1st time soldiers (feds) moved by RR, no discipline, Unions marched out to Washington at first pushing Feds back, THEN Thomas Jackson brought fed troops who held their line, Feds confused by union uniforms and took out their own. 1. Feds thought they were invincible after beating union.
2. Bloody War
3.Would not be short |
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Term
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Definition
| Confederates/South cut cotton supply to Britain thinking it would hurt them & they would ally. Britain had warehouses full so the south failed. Changed to giving cotton for guns & powder with blockade runners. war in waters helped south rely on RR and fall |
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Term
| Iron Clad ships.... Monitor |
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Definition
| used for blockades, made to ship battle, and then north made _______ with a gun revolving |
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Term
| Ulyess S Grant & the West |
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Definition
| served in MX war, war over nothing to do, offered to help Union. goes into ft henry & donelson to take and stop gateway to feds. Buckner surrendered to _______ & south left Tenn. |
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| north trying to take RR that slits feds in 2, 40,000 feds go to Shermans Union camp but stopped to eat and such. Feds did not stop Grant. Johnson; fed leader is shot & they fall apart. Grant forms a counter-attack and pushes Fed back into Mississippi & wins. 22,000 killed. |
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Term
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Definition
| very accurate, reason so many deaths in shiloh |
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Term
| Confederate Congress draft law |
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Definition
| passed after shiloh in the south. excepted 1 male to go to battle if he had 20 slaves. meaning ppl with out slaves were forced to fight. "rich man war & poor mans fight" |
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Term
| maryland campaign , sept 1862 |
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Definition
| Lee wanted to invade maryland to bring french & british recognition, gain maryland troops for south, and gain food from maryland. fighting against union Mcclellen. Union found lees plan and forced him back to VA |
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Term
| Battle of Antietam - sept 1862 |
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Definition
McClellan caught Lee on the banks of the river, waited too long and Lee backed his troops up. Creek ran through Fed lines.
1. northern side of battlefield around small church. 12oclock noone could win. 12000 dead
2. Lees troops were in sunken road & Union shot down at them, feds stacked 2/3 bodies dead. 3. McClellen didnt send all troops at once, Lee held him off & beat him. Lee did not get anything though. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lincoln gave his cabinet the emancipation proclomation after this battle....but waited to issue it |
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Term
| Emancipation Proclamation |
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Definition
| Lincoln was sick of slaves helping the south, he was getting desperate of losing, uses a battle to announce this. He said if the south lost, they lose their slaves & the north UNION only took it not border so lincoln didnt upset them. |
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Term
| United states colored troops |
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Definition
| 180000 enlisted, free black soldiers in union, whites stayed officers, blacks eventually paid the same to fight |
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Definition
| photographer took pictures of the dead and put on display in NY for money to show war |
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| trying to march to richmond union soldiers were stopped by Stonewall Jackson & northern lights shined saying God is happy for slavery. Lincoln began pushing harder |
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Definition
| last confederate town on Miss. River. TX sent good through this town to Feds & grant was sent in to take it. the town was too populated and on July 4, town surrenders to Grant & UNION CONTROL MISSISSIPPI river, fed split in 2 |
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Definition
| tried to fake out LEE and stop him at fredricksburg but loses his nerve. Lee sends Jackson to follow union to Chancel and feds shoot Jackson on accident. But Lee still defeats union leader _______ |
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Definition
| same goal as maryland, Lee wants to gain food, ppl, and European help here... Lee goes in blind, go into town for shoes & run into Union army. Lee wins first day but fails to take second day |
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Definition
| battle of ghettysburg, general pickett hurt union bad but was still sent back |
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Term
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Definition
| draft, men 18-35, 30,000 went to canada instead by paying someone 300 or paying US 300 fee |
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Definition
| irish riots because worried slaves would take their jobs if they were freed. burned black orphanage & hung black men, army called in by union to control |
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Term
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Definition
| confederates printed money and dealt with ____ because they had nothing to back it up with |
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| Lincolns main commander, won shiloh & vicksburg. Destroys Lee, takes petersburg. Puts Sherman in charge of atalanta |
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Term
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Definition
| sent to take ATL, helps Lincoln be re-elected with home for north. continued to stomp on the south taking savannah and SC. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lee Surrenders here & then the south follows. |
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Term
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Definition
| killed Lincoln in 1865, wanted to kill and planned to kill all gov. officials. shot dead by union & all his followers killed too |
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| president after Lincoln, from tenn, loyal to Union, grew up poor & laughed at by slave owners, very racist, wanted to make south life HELL. |
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Definition
620,000 dead. 1.2 million wounded
4 million free slaves... do what?
south economy ruined
slave homes? jobs?
Johnson had to deal with/make a plan |
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Term
| slavery protected in any territories south of 36/30 in future... B |
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Definition
| The U.S. Senate’s plan of compromise in 1861 included all of the following except: |
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Term
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Definition
| slaveholding rights in Texas allowed California to enter the union as a free state and prohibited the slave trade in the District of Columbia. This Act was particularly hated by abolitionists and stoked the fire of the Underground Railroad. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1850 - new president millard fillmore, sides with south after _______ dies |
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Term
| •Compromise Passed , Summer 1850 |
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Definition
made by Henry Clay, helped by stephen douglas
o California admitted
o Texas gives up western boundary
o New Mexico and Utah organized into territories but slavery question not answered
o Fugitive Slave Law strengthened |
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Term
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Definition
a.Commanders
i.Union - Irwin McDowell
ii.Confederate – P.G.T. Beauregard and Joseph E. Johnston |
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