Term
| What did the Marshall Plan do? |
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Definition
| Sent relief to devastated countries in Europe to build up industrial productivies once again |
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Term
| What was the Truman Doctrine? |
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Definition
| US would provide military & economic aid to Greece & Turkey to prevent communists from taking over |
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Term
| What was the Berlin Blockade? How did it begin? |
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Definition
| Block all land routes to city of Berlin to force allies out of Berlin. Broken by Berlin Airlift, we dropped stuff off by air into Berlin. Soviets backed off |
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Term
| What was NSC-68? What did it do? |
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Definition
important document, recommended development of the hydrogen bomb to one up the soviets.
-contain communisim
"foster the seeds of destruction within the Soviet Union".
-increase US conventional forces & establish strong system of alliances.
-increased taxes to pay for it.
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Term
| What does HUAC stand for? |
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Definition
| House of Un-American Activities Committee |
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Term
| What industry did HUAC investigate in 1947? |
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Definition
Hollywood Motion Picture Industry
-the "Hollywood Ten" were blacklisted |
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Term
| Who was Sen. Joseph McCarthy? What did he try to do? What happened to him? |
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Definition
| member of congress, claimed there were communists in the state dept, hollywood, writing profession, and army. (said he had a list of names, but could never produce one) he was censored (taken out of congress - "dunce cap") |
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Term
| What was the U-2 incident? |
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Definition
| American U2 spy plane was shut down over the Soviet Union |
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Term
| What were the Geneva Accords? What did they mean for Viet Nam? |
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Definition
divided Vietnam at the seventeenth parallel, creating a northern zone under DRV authority and a southern region dominated by the French Union.
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called for all military forces to withdraw to their respective zones within three hundred days
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called for national elections in 1956 to reunify the country |
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Term
| What did Pres. Eisenhower warn the country against in his final address? |
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Definition
| growing power of the military industrial complex & claimed the marriage between military & industrial = threat. we should be alert of becoming too powerful. (employed 3.5 mil) |
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Term
| Who was Billy Graham? Why was he important? |
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Definition
| most important religious preacher, had an almost "open door" to white house, presidents discussed w/him first on their decisions. People were becoming more religous in fear of nuclear bombs. Protestant growth. |
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Term
| What did TV contribute to Amer Culture during 1940's and early 50's? |
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Definition
| Advertising. It was fueled by increased consumption & free time. It became very slick. |
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Term
| What did the Supreme Court rule against w. Brown V. Board? |
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Definition
| Turned over Plessy v. Ferguson (Seperate but Equal) & called for desegregation of Amer. School systmes. Linda Brown wanted to attend a white school in Topeka, KS. Thurgood Marshall=Brown's attorney. |
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Term
| When & why did the Montgomery bus boycott begin? |
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Definition
| 1955. Rosa Park's protest led black people to not taking buses (they were the biggest customers) MLK was in favor of this boycott |
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Term
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Definition
| Alabama Seemstress. Refused to give up her seat to a white man, said she was tired. Got arrested. Led to Bus Boycott |
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Term
| How did the Rosa Parks/Bus Boycott help MLKJ? |
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Definition
| Propelled him into the center stage of the Civil Rights Movement. |
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Term
| When did JFK become president? |
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Definition
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Term
| When & why was the Berlin Wall built? |
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Definition
| 1961- built by soviets, they wanted to prevent the people in the East from escaping Communist Rule by going West. seperation of East & West |
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Term
| What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? What happened between the US & Soviet Union? How did it end? |
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Definition
| Oct 1962. Soviets had installed nuclear missiles in Cuba, led to confrontations between US & S.U., we put a line in the ocean & dared them to cross it. "quarantine on all offensive military equipment" Resolved by: Soviets removed missiles in Cuba, & we removed missiles in Turkey = Peaceful Coexistence. |
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Term
| What did the Voting Rights Act & the 24th Amendment mean for Blacks in the US? |
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Definition
| Enfranchised millions of blacks. Suspended literacy tests, poll taxes, gerrymandering, etc. 24th = outlawed federal poll tax |
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Term
| What did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorize the Pres to do? |
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Definition
| take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the US & prevent further agression |
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Term
| What was Operation Rolling Thunder? How did it affect the N. Vietnamese? |
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Definition
| Protracted bombing compaign against N. Vietnam. Dropped more than 1 million tons of bombs on N. Vietnam. |
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Term
| What was the Tet Offensive? What did it mean for the presidency of LBJ? |
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Definition
| An attack on all major urban areas of S. Vietnam launched by Viet Cong & N. Vietman troops. This showed the world that the Vietnamese were willing to go far to win. LBJ didn't seek re-election, but continued to seek for peace |
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Term
| What did the term "Silent Majority" mean? |
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Definition
| these people weren't protesting or doing violent acts, they were the key to electing Nixon as president. |
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Term
| Between 1969-1972, what was Nixon's strategy for ending the Vietnam war? |
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Definition
| Vietnamization = replacement of American troops w. S. Vietnamese forces |
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Term
| What happened at Kent State in 1970? |
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Definition
| Campus that protested against war (Nixon's policies?). Nat'l Guard opened fire on students & killed 4 students who happened to be bystanders. |
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Term
| What was the Watergate Scandal? What did Nixon have to do with it? How did Nixon obstruct justice? |
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Definition
| Break in Dem. Nat'l Committee (Watergate Apt Complex) & the 5 men were caught by a watchman. They wanted the Pentagon Papers written by Daniel Ellsburg (involvement in Vietnam w/mistakes we had made) Nixon denied involvement, "Illegality & Misuse of Power"-secret taping system w/18 min gap ("smoking gun") of Nixon telling FBI to tell CIA not to probe too deeply into connections between White House & Burgalars. Nixon resigned. |
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Term
| In terms of prices, what did oil-exporting nations do from 1973 to 1975? |
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Definition
| increased prices drastically |
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Term
| What is meant by deindustrialization? Where was it most visible in the US during the 70's? |
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Definition
| manufacturing sector entered prolonged period of decline. rust belt was the part of the country that had huge steel mills that were struggling (OH,IN,MI,PN,&IL) |
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Term
| What were the important agreements that Jimmy Carter helped bring about? |
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Definition
Camp David Accords =Framework For Peace = peace treaty between Isreal & Egypt.
Panamal Canal Treaty = US gave control of canal to Panama, but we had free usage of it. Human Rights = w/drew aid to nations that violated human rights |
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Term
| What political ideology was Ronald Reagan closely associated with? |
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Definition
| Conservatism, but not like old-minded conservatives |
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Term
| What were Reagan's foreign & domestic policies? Where did he cut spedning? |
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Definition
| Cut spending: social security, unemployment compensation, medicare, welfare, & food stams. Increased spending: defense. Boost Production (Supply-Side) & Recovery Tax Act (reduced income taxes) |
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Term
| What happened to the profits from the Reagan administration's sale of weapons to Iran? |
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Definition
led to the Iran-Contra Affair.
-Robert McFarlane authorized the sale of weapons to Iran in exchange for hostages.
- the weapon sales was diverted to fund anti-Sandinista and anti-communist rebels, or Contras, in Nicaragua. |
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Term
| Who was Mikhail Gorbachev? What did his policies of Glasnost & Perestroika mean for the Soviet Union? |
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Definition
He was the new leader of Russia & wanted change in the Soviet Union.
Glasnost = openness to the west.
Perestroika = economic restructing: stop producing weapons, produce consumer goods. |
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Term
| What caused the Persian Gulf War during the Bush Administration? What did the UN Security Council vote to authorize? |
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Definition
| US gave Hussein money/weapons which he used on his people & the US. He invaded Kuwait which led to Persian Gulf War. US decided to use force if he didn't withdraw from Kuwait. UN wanted to remove Hussein from Kuwait. Resolution 687-imposed economic sanctions on Iraq & told them they had to do weapon inspections, destroy weapons, & agree to no develop nuclear capabilities. |
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Term
| What is a multinational corporation? |
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Definition
| corporation that manages production/delivers services in more than one country. |
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Term
| What is meant by the term out-sourcing? |
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Definition
| closing factories in the US & moving them elsewhere |
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Term
| What does globalization mean? |
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Definition
| Economies, societies, culutres, etc become integrated thru network of ideas by communication, transportation, & trade |
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Term
| What was the computer revolution? What were it's effects on the avg family? |
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Definition
| Transformed leisure & work. computers were affordable. E-mail, chat, family history online, games, access to knowledge. led to pirating. |
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Term
| Who were the republican & democratic candidates for pres in 2000? |
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Definition
Bush (Cheny) = Republicans
Gore (Leiberman) = Democrats |
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Term
| Which state was at the center of electoral controversy of 2000? |
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Definition
| Florida, recounting of votes |
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Term
| Which branch of the fed. gov't finally determined the outcome of the election? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the No Child Left Behind Act? |
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Definition
| Increased federal funding for primary & secondary education. Allowed students in under-performing schools to transfer. |
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Term
| When & where did the worst domestic terrorist attack take place in the US? |
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Definition
| Sept. 11, 2001. NY World Trade Center & The Pentagon |
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Term
| What is Al Qaeda? Who is its leader? |
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Definition
| Terrorist organization, militant Islamist group. Leader = Osama Bin Laden |
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Term
| In 2005, which Amer city was seriously damaged by a category 5 hurricane? |
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Definition
| New Orleans w/Hurrican Katrina |
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Term
| In what year was Obama elected? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Truman do after North Korea invaded South Korea? |
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Definition
| He went to the United Nations & had them delcare police action |
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Term
| What was the situation in Korea after the armisitice was signed in 1953? |
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Definition
| Nothing changed, it went back to the way it was. We were technically still at war with N. Korea. |
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Term
| When did the "Space Race" begin? |
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Definition
| Soviet Union launched 1st sattelite named Sputnik in 1957. |
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Term
| What were the characteristics of the US car culture of 1950s? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was pollution a concern in the 50's-60's? |
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Definition
| Not much, not until the 70's when we got hit with oil boycotts |
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Term
| What happened to South Vietnam after the US withdrew its forces? |
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Definition
| Imploded, became part of the new country, united North and South. Under communist rule? |
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Term
| Why did Gerald Ford pardon Nixon? |
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Definition
| Trying to avoid another scandal, trying to protect Nixon & America from more hardships. |
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Term
| What were the characteristics of US attack on Iraq in 2003? What happened in the aftermath of the attack? |
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Definition
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