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American Studies Flash Cards Term 3
Also for Spencer, from Lincoln
95
History
10th Grade
01/17/2013

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Cards

Term
Haymarket Riot
Definition
Riot by anarchist laborers in Chicago. Dynamite thrown into crowd, several dozen people killed or injured.
Term
Grange
Definition
Farmers who had to deal with the poor economy of 1870's.
Term
Bessemer Process
Definition
A cheap way to make steel by "boiling the air".
Term
John Rockefeller
Definition
Oil Giant who became incredibly rich.
Term
J Pierpont Morgan
Definition
Banking Mogul who became incredibly rich.
Term
Gospel of Wealth
Definition
Believed by rich people. says that poor people are poor because they are lazy and the rich are rich because they work hard. Survival of the fittest.
Term
American Federation of Labor
Definition
One of the first labor union founded in Columbus, Ohio.
Term
Trust
Definition
Illustrated by standard oil when they made deals to get rid of competition. Makes monopolies.
Term
Yellow Journalism
Definition
The name for new "sensationalist" paper that focused on shocking scandals.
Term
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
Definition
Woman's prohibitionist group
Term
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
Definition
Feminist woman who was well respected and published Woman and Economics.
Term
William James
Definition
Great Harvard professor who wrote many books, including, Pragmatism. Kind of sickly, wrote books about several different fields.
Term
Charles Darwin
Definition
Scientist who discovered the theory of evolution.
Term
Florence Kelley
Definition
Socialist who wanted no sweatshops and women's rights activist.
Term
Horatio Alger
Definition
New England writer who wrote moral books for young boys about rising to the top.
Term
Carrie Chapman Catt
Definition
Suffragette who was for business like and ruthless.
Term
Jacob S. Coxey
Definition
Protestor who was a wealthy Ohio quarry owner. He wanted the government to relieve unemployment by an inflationary public works program. Had several supporters.
Term
Sitting Bull
Definition
Sioux Chieftan who rallied tribes to fight Americans.
Term
Buffalo Soldiers
Definition
African American regiment that fought indians. 1/5 of frontier army
Term
Chief Joseph
Definition
Nez Perce Indian who fought with Sitting Bull.
Term
Mary Elizabeth Lease
Definition
Populist writer from Kansas.
Term
Colored Farmers National Alliance
Definition
African American union that fought against rail roads, socialists. This attitude became populism.
Term
Gold Standard Act
Definition
Enacted to fix economy, made it so paper money could be directly traded for gold.
Term
Frederick Jackson Turner
Definition
American Writer who wrote very influential books.
Term
Theodore Roosevelt
Definition
President, lead Rough Riders in Spanish American War. No previous experience. Glory seeking.
Term
Foraker Act
Definition
Gave Puerto Rica a limited degree of democracy.
Term
Rough Riders
Definition
Regiment of volunteers in Spanish American Wars. Composed of Cowboys, Criminals, and Theodore Roosevelt.
Term
Valeriano Weyler
Definition
Spanish General, sent to Cuba to stop rebels.
Term
Anti-Imperialist League
Definition
Against annexing the Philippines. Anti imperialists
Term
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Definition
Wrote the Influence of Sea Power. Believed that controlling the sea was control of the world
Term
Jingoism
Definition
Extreme patriotism, peace through strength
Term
Insular Cases
Definition
Several Supreme court cases concerning the status of the territories acquired by US during the spanish american war.
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
Rebellion by Chinese Rebels in Manchuria
Term
The Great White Fleet
Definition
The US sent their Navy on a tour of the world to prove their strength to Japan.
Term
The Yellow Peril
Definition
Californians became fearful of Asian taking them over, even though they only accounted for 2% of the population.
Term
Panama Cannel
Definition
Roosevelt built this canal in Panama to stretch,
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
Roosevelt's perversion of the Monroe Doctrine to suit his needs.
Term
Portsmith Conference
Definition
Settled disputes between the Russians and Japanese in New Hampshire. Earned Roosevelt the Nobel Peace.
Term
John Hay
Definition
Secretary for McKinley who came up with Open Door to China.
Term
Gentlemen's Agreement
Definition
Agreement between US and Japan about immigration.
Term
10% Plan
Definition
When 10% of a state said that it would emancipate slaves, Lincoln let them join the Union.
Term
Seward's Folly
Definition
Purchase of Alaska
Term
Ex Part Milligan
Definition
Court case over Military Tribunals with Civilian Courts
Term
Military Reconstruction Act
Definition
4 acts which established Martial law in the South after the Civil War
Term
Oliver O. Howard
Definition
Union General, very religious, got slaves from the south to the north, gained fame in western theater
Term
Alexander Stephens
Definition
Vice President of Confederacy, from Georgia
Term
Conquered Provinces
Definition
States that seceded from the Union
Term
Radical Regimes
Definition
Memphis and New Orleans race riots which pushed for more military control of south
Term
Billion Dollar Congress
Definition
51st united states congress 1889- 1891, spent lots of money and made lots of new legislation
Term
Whisky Ring
Definition
Federal Conspiracy where officials were paid off by Whisky Companies to get more money in 1875.
Term
Credit Mobilier
Definition
Scandal where congressman Oakes Ames got stock bribes from the Credit Mobilier Company for the Union Pacific Railroad.
Term
Jay Gould
Definition
Leading American Railroad Robber Baron, 9th richest American in History
Term
Jay Cooke
Definition
Helped finance the Union Civil War effort and helped finance railroads after it.
Term
Redeemers
Definition
In United States history,"Redeemers" and "Redemption" were terms used by white Southerners to describe a political coalition in the Southern United States during the Reconstruction era which followed the American Civil War. Redeemers were the southern wing of the Bourbon Democrats, the conservative, pro-business faction in the Democratic Party, who sought to oust the Republican coalition of freedmen, carpetbaggers, and scalawags.
Term
Jim Crow
Definition
Subject of a song and name for anti black laws made by Democrats in the Reconstruction Period South
Term
Populism
Definition
Group of people against the elite class
Term
Muller v Oregon
Definition
Case about working hours for women, Muller sued, Oregon won
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act
Definition
1906 Progressive Victory signed by Teddy Roosevelt along with Meat Inspection Act to make sure food and drugs were safe to consume
Term
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Definition
1911 industrial fire were 146 people were killed, resulted in stricter codes
Term
Muckrakers
Definition
Investigative Reporter
Term
Gifford Pinchot
Definition
Conservationist Politician who fought for Forests
Term
Sierra Club
Definition
First environmentalist organization founded in San Francisco 1892
Term
Ida Tarbell
Definition
Leading Muckraker who wrote an influential book smashing Rockefeller
Term
Florence Kelly
Definition
Fought for social changes such as shorter work days and higher pays, helped from NAACP
Term
Louis D. Brandies
Definition
Progressive Supreme Court Justice
Term
Charles Evans Hughes
Definition
Governor of New York and Republican Progressive
Term
John J. Pershing
Definition
WWI General who was the only man besides Washington to ever get to the highest rank
Term
Clayton Act
Definition
A buffer to the Antitrust Act
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
Democratic President of America during WWI
Term
Lusitania
Definition
British Cruise Ship sunk with 148 Americans On board
Term
Arabi
Definition
Ship sunk by Germans
Term
Sussex
Definition
French ship sunk by U-boats which prompted the Sussex Pledge in 1916 making Germans let the passengers leave the boat before sinking.
Term
George Creel
Definition
Investigative journalist and head of Wilson's propaganda organization in WWI
Term
Bernard Baruch
Definition
American stock investor progressive who helped Wilson and F. Roosevelt
Term
Henry Cabot Lodge
Definition
Republican Senate Majority leader who fought with Wilson over Treaty of Versaille saying that it was Congress's job
Term
Normalcy
Definition
Americans wanted to be returned to a pre-war mentality, used by 1920 presidential campaigner
Term
Fourteen Points
Definition
A speech by Wilson saying that WWI was fought on moral grounds
Term
War Industries Board
Definition
Government Agency established to coordinate purchases for the military
Term
Schenck v. US
Definition
Upheld Espionage Act saying that someone didn't have free speech against the draft
Term
Industrial Workers of the World
Definition
Anti Capitalist Union which believed that workers should elect their bosses
Term
A Mitchell Palmer
Definition
Attorney General who arrested Leftists and Anarchists
Term
Henry Ford
Definition
First person to use assembly line automobiles and make them available to more people
Term
Immigration Quota Act
Definition
Made immigration stricter and barred some people out
Term
Andrew Mellon
Definition
American Banker who was Secretary of Treasury
Term
Sacco and Vanzetti Case
Definition
Suspected Anarchists who murdered two people and were executed
Term
Volstead Act
Definition
Enacted to carry out the 18th amendment and stop alcohol
Term
Flappers
Definition
Term for style of girls in 20's long skinny dresses, short hair, and small hats
Term
William Jennings Bryan
Definition
Ex Senator who fought for Prohibition and Suffrage
Term
Ohio Gang
Definition
Gang of Politicians and Business leaders who worked with President Harding, many became involved in Scandals
Term
Muscle Shoals Bill
Definition
Dam the Tennessee River and sell government money, failed because of President Hoover
Term
Bonus Army
Definition
Group of 43,000 Vets and families who wanted payment for WWI
Term
Teapont Dome Scandal
Definition
Bribery incident under Harding, someone gave oil companies good land after accepting bribes
Term
Washington Conference
Definition
First disarmament conference in history outside of League of Nations held with nine other nations
Term
Charles Forbes
Definition
Veteran Bureau Head who was sent to prison for conspiracy
Term
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Definition
Created new tariffs higher than ever seen in America
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