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American Republic
Chapter 4 Vocabulary
27
History
11th Grade
12/13/2011

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Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
enacted by Congress in 1789, detailed the rights of American citizens: theya re the first 10 ammendments to the constitution.
Term
Cabinet
Definition
a group of advisors to the president.
Term
Excise tax
Definition
a tax paid by the manufacturer of a product and passed on to those who buy the product.
Term
Alien and Sedition Acts
Definition
passed by Federalist congress, summer of 1798, aimed at aliens, (Frencha nd Irist immigrants) people living in the country who were not citizens. The sedition act made it illegal a federal crime to print or say anything "false, scandalous, and malicious" against the United States government or officials.
Term
Whiskey rebellion
Definition
Complaints against the whiskey tax culminated in a rebellion, where farmers in western Pennsylvania terrorized tax collectors, robbing mail, destroying the whiskey making stills of those who paid the tax. President Washington sent troops to crush the rebellion.
Term
Federalist Party
Definition
political party led by Hamilton,favored strong national government, ruling power given to the wealthy, educated; Government should promote manufacturing; loose interpretation of constitution; Protective tariffs protect domestic industries.
Term
Democratic Party
Definition
Term
Democratic-Republican Party
Definition
Led by Mdison and Jefferson: favored strong state government; Ruling power given to all landowners; Government should promote agriculture; Strict interpretation of the constitution; Protective tariffs burden farmers.
Term
George Washington
Definition
1. established legitmacy of the new government 2. created executive departments 3. favored neutrality 4. Used troops to stop Native American reisistance in West.
Term
Thomas Jefferson
Definition
1. Republican leader;worked to limit power of national government 2. favored land owenership for all people 3. supported farmers over commerce and trade 4. negotiated purchase of the Loiusians Territiry
Term
Alexander Hamilton
Definition
Term
Nullification
Definition
tneory that states have the right to declare a federal law invalid.
Term
Electon of 1800
Definition
Candidates: Jefferson, Democartic Republican; Adams, Federalist; Burr, Democratic Rebulican; Pickney, Federalist; Jay, Federalist. Election led to 12th ammendement: separate ballots for president and VP.

Adams,
Term
Louisiana Purchase-Circumstances leading to purchase
Definition
1. French leader, Napoleon plans to rebuild France's empire in N. America.
2. Napoleon convinces Spain to give the Louisians Territory back to France.
3. Pres. Jefferson sends ambassador, Robert Livingston to France to try to block the deal. 4. Napoleon later wants to conquer Europe. 5. Pres. Jefferson agrees to purchase Loouisiana Territory.
Term
Marbury v. Madison
Definition
Court decided that it had no jurisdiction in Marbury's case. Landmark decision: established the right of judicial review, the power to decide wheterh laws passed by Congress are constiutional and to strike down those thar are not.
Term
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Definition
Jefferson convinced Congress to fund expedition led by Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisansa territory. provided information about Louisana and gave US claim to Oregon.
Term
War Hawks
Definition
members of Congress durng Madison's presidency who pressed for war with Britain.
Term
War of 1812/Causes
Definition
1. American merchants resent British barriers to trade with France. 2. Americans angered by impressment 3. Americans believe British push Native Americans to fight settlers.
4. Western members of the House of REpresentatives want to expand into Canada.
Term
James Monroe
Definition
1. Republican who favored neutrality 2. Asled Congress to declare war on Britain to protect trade interest i the Eat and farmers and settlers in West 3. Under his administration, War of 1812 generated feelings of nationalism, and the Treaty of Ghent established fishing rights and boundaries wih Canada
Term
Era of Good Feelings
Definition
The Columbian Centinal, a Boston newspaper coined the phrase to describe the feeling of nationalism and unity the nation felt after the War of 1812 when James Monroe was President.
Term
Protective Tariff
Definition
is a tax aimed at protecting American manufacturers by taxing imports.
Term
Necessary and Proper Clause
Definition
Cheif Justice Marshall concluded: clause allowed the federal government to use its powers in any way not specifically prohibited by the constitution.
Term
Andrew Jackson
Definition
Term
Monroe Doctrine
Definition
the president eclared that the American continents should no longer e viewed as pen to colon ization. Advised Europe to respect the soverighnty of new Latin Americn natioun.
Term
Nationalism
Definition
loyalty and devotion to a nation.
Term
War of 1812 Effects
Definition
1. Heroism of Jackson, Perry, and others increases American patriotism. 2. Navive Americans weakened. 3. Loss o trade during the war encourages growth of American manufacturing. 4. Unites States proves it could defend itself against world's strongest military power. 5. Americans gain confidence in country's ability to survive and prosper.
Term
John Adams
Definition
1. Federalit leader in favor of strong national government 2. Suppoorted ommerce and trad 3. favored eutrality; negotiated treaties wit Britain and France to avoid war 4. Angered farmers and landowners with taxes; angered political opponents with Alien and Sedition Acts.
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