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American History Unit 8
AP History
66
History
12th Grade
02/28/2013

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Term
"welfare capitalism"
Definition
a system of labor relations that stressed managment's responsibility for employees wellbeing.
Term
Albert Fall
Definition
Secret leaving to private companies of government oil reserves; Secretary of the Interior.
Term
Andrew W. Mellon
Definition
Ran Harding's treatury department, and reduced wartime tax rates and freed money for private investment
Term
Washington Conference (1921)
Definition
Revealed American strategy in the pacific; deter excessive expenditures on arms and build up of Japan naval power
Term
"Buy now, pay later"
Definition
newly devised installment play; which allowed people to purchase expensive goods
Term
"flapper"
Definition
a new cultural icon, who represented emancipated womanhood.
Term
The Jazz Singer
Definition
the first talkie, Jazz music caputred important aspects of the cuture of the 1920s
Term
Babe Ruth
Definition
star baseball slugger who became a national celebrity
Term
jingoism
Definition
super-patriotism, mid 1890s, during American dispute with Spain over Cuba
Term
"Remeber the Maine"
Definition
battleship that blew up and sank in the Havana harbor, loss 260 seamen--> U.S. beleived Spain was trying to sabotage them
Term
Teller Amendment
Definition
disclaimed any intention by the U.S. to take possession o Cuba
Term
George Dewey
Definition
commander of the Pacific fleet; sailed into the Philippines
Term
Anti-Imperialist League (1898)
Definition
lacked common touch, many Mugwumps and businessmen; did not want to advance imperialism
Term
Dollar Diplomacy
Definition
aggressive coupling of American political and economic interests abroad.
Term
"Gentlemen's Agreement"
Definition
Japan agreed to restrict immigration to the U.S.; but racism created tensions
Term
Root-Takahira Agreement
Definition
confirmed the status quo of the U.S. in the Pacific
Term
Pan-Americanism
Definition
philosophy of combining American states, closer ties with North America
Term
Frederick Jackson Turner
Definition
American historian; created the fronteir theis, moving west shaped democracy
Term
Emilio Aguinaldo
Definition
ardent patriot; leader of the Philippino resitance, wanted to try to defeat the Spanish
Term
Panama Canal
Definition
wanted a canal as an easier route to Asia
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
"preventative" intervention; Britain violated the Monroe doctrine, fix before becomes a problem--> Panama Canal
Term
Mexican Intervention
Definition
wanted to counsel Mexico for it's own good; U.S. began a war but backed off; new constitution
Term
Hay-Pauncefote Agreement
Definition
signed by the United States and Great Britain, a preliminary to the creation of the panama canal
Term
Pancho Villa
Definition
northern general; stir up trouble on the border; Wilson sent after him; Mexican public asked him to back off
Term
Triple Alliance
Definition
alliance between German, Austria-Hungary and Italy, prepared for inevitable confliced; sparked by the Balkans
Term
"noble experiment"
Definition
the power of the state to enforce social values; no drinking- Prohibition
Term
Triple Entente
Definition
alliance of Britain, Russia, and France once they reached an understanding
Term
Algeciras, Spain
Definition
Roosevelt's internation conference in January 1906; defused the Crisis; diplomatic triumph
Term
Harlem Renaissance
Definition
"the sybol of liberty and promised land for Negros" embodied African struggle to find a way
Term
Allied Powers
Definition
Britain, France, Russia --> 1917 U.S. joined; U.S. declared war on Germany
Term
Central Powers
Definition
Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary; Bulgeria; Ottoman Empire, faught against the Allied Powers and lost
Term
Western Front
Definition
British and Frensh battled against the German; their location; incredibly dangerous
Term
Henry Ford
Definition
Giant of American industry; wanted no war
Term
Marcus Garvey
Definition
led UNIA, based in Harlem, urged blacks to return to Africa; charismatic leader
Term
Jeannette Rankin
Definition
voted against the action of going to war with Germany; first woman elected to Congress
Term
John Pershing
Definition
General of U.S. army force; figured out how to help allies in the war
Term
AEF
Definition
headed by Pershing- American Expeditionary force; trained and outfitted and transported troops across submarine infested Atlantic
Term
Trench Warfare
Definition
Fighting in trenches; ruthless; incredibly dangerous
Term
Bolshevik
Definition
communist revolution in Russia in 1917; sought peace with Central Powers
Term
Doughboys
Definition
4 million men in uniform; American Expeditionary Force of World War I
Term
Eddie Rickenbacker
Definition
Former professional racecar driver; had alot of flying skills; joined eastern airlines; national hero
Term
liberty bonds
Definition
encouraged public support of the war; federal debts increased
Term
NWLB
Definition
National War Labor board; improved lives of laboring men and women
Term
"Great Migration"
Definition
moving of people of southern farms to industrial heartland; in order to earn more money
Term
Alice Paul
Definition
a congressional lobbyist for NAWSA; formed NWP; went on strike for women's sufferage
Term
Committee on Public Information (CPI)
Definition
formed by Wilson to promote public support of the war- 1917- headed by George Creel; attacked muckrakers
Term
Schneck v United States(1919)
Definition
supreme court upheld conviction of Charles Schneck, general secretary of socialist party; mailed pamphets urging draftees to resist induction; violated first amendment
Term
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Definition
raised taxes to an all-time high; Europe retaliated by adding trade restrictions
Term
"War guilt" clause
Definition
article 23; blame Germany--> pay $31 billion, military and land restrictions
Term
"irreconcilables"
Definition
will not sign treaty; succeed, U.S. never ratified the Treaty of Versailles
Term
Henry Cabot Lodge
Definition
leader of irreconcilables; Republican Senator, demanded Congressional control of declaration of war
Term
Article X
Definition
any member of the League of Nations is obligatede to participate in any actions by the league
Term
J. Edgar Hoover
Definition
first director of the FBI; built into large crime-fighting agency
Term
Sacco and Vanzetti
Definition
were balmed for MA robbery; Italian, athiest, anarchist, dodged draft, unamerican so were sentanced to death
Term
Federal Trade Comission
Definition
promote consumer protection and eliminate monopolies; Wilson's major act
Term
General Motors
Definition
expanded sales to Europe; founded in 1908; made it possible for everyone to have a car
Term
Charles Lindbergh
Definition
American aviator; U.S. Air Mail piolet; U.S. army air corps reserve officer
Term
1920 census
Definition
determined resident population to be 106,021,537 people, 15% higher than 1910 census
Term
Ku Klux Klan
Definition
Anti-forgeiner, catholic, black, jews, pacifists, communists, internationalists...only WASP; had really high numbers until David Stephenson incident
Term
1924 National Origins Act
Definition
152,000 immigrants, half from North and West Eruope, only 2% of each nationality
Term
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
Definition
paid Scopes to teach evolution, faught for his trial, used media to convince to stop teaching creationism
Term
John T. Scopes
Definition
Science teacher who taught kids about eveolution when it was illegal, got arrested, lost trial, but won the right to teach evolution
Term
"lost generation"
Definition
generation that came of age during the WWI; beginning of the Great Depression
Term
voluntarism
Definition
carry out a policy, or achieve an end; based on free will; Hoover relied on business community
Term
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) (1932)
Definition
crucial role in economic life; federal loans to banks, railroad, finacial institutions, insurance; too cautious; had expanded only 20% by 1932
Term
"Bonus Army"
Definition
a ragtag group of 15,000 unemployed WWI veterans, who were demanding pensions, but got burned down, Hoover's popularity plunged
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