Term
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Definition
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Term
| Who invented the Steel Plow? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who invented the mechanical reaper (harvester)? (2) |
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Definition
| Sirus McCormick and Obed Hussey |
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Term
| Who invented teh Steam Engine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who invented the first successful commercial steam boat? |
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Definition
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Term
| Developed the clipper ship? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who's work was Samuel Moris's invention (Telegraph) based? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who led the movement to build insane asylums? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the Leading spokesperson for Cult of Domesticity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the famous members of the American Colonization society?(5) |
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Definition
| James Madison, James Monroe, Henry Clay, John Marshal, and Daniel Webster |
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Term
| Who was the most famous conductor of the Underground R.R.? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 bodies of water that is connected by erie canal? |
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Definition
| Hudson river and lake erie |
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Term
| what did Samuel Moris invent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the 2nd Great Awakening? |
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Definition
| Religious revival movement |
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Term
| What was the 2nd great awakening a backlash to? |
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Definition
| relgious rationalism and materialism |
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Term
| what reforms were proposed by Horace Mann (3)? |
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Definition
1. Public Education-must have a minimum of 6 months for a school yr
2. Teacher training institutes
3. State Boards of Education |
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Term
| What was the Temperance movemt? |
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Definition
| attempt to reduce or eliminate the consumption of alcohol |
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Term
| Disagreements within the Temperance movement? (2) |
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Definition
1. use laws to eliminate consumption of alcohol vs the persuasion to consume less
2. trying to decide which type of alcohol is bad |
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Term
| What were the prison reforms? |
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Definition
1. building of penitentiaries
2. abolition of prison for debt |
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Term
| Women were inherently diff. from men in 3 ways: |
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Definition
1. more emotional
2. more moral
3. less intellectual |
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Term
| What spheres did each gender belong according to the Cult of Domesticities? |
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Definition
female- domestic
male- public |
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Term
| What did the AM. colonization Society compose? |
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Definition
| emancipation combined with colonization- slaves emancipated and then relocated in Africa and re-colonized |
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Term
| Fredrick Douglas lectured on who's lecture? |
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Definition
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Term
| What important book did Fredrick Douglas write? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the name of the 1st antislavery newspaper? |
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Definition
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Term
| National Organization that Garrison helped establish? |
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Definition
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Term
| Garrison's position on Emancipation and Compensation? |
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Definition
| Immediate emancipation and NO compensation |
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Term
| What was Underground R.R.? |
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Definition
| System for helping runaway slaves to the north or Canada |
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Term
| Beliefs that romantic writers shared? |
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Definition
| Emphasize spirit over matter, intuition over reason, and existence of human nature (this contradicted Locke's "blank slate" theory) |
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Term
| What was the diff. btwn Fictionalists and Transcendentalists? |
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Definition
Fictionalists (Poe,Hawthorne, Melville) believed human nature was bad
Transcendentalists believed human nature was good |
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Term
| Sig. of agriculture and transportation invention? |
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Definition
| encouraged settlement of west |
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Term
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Definition
| Encouraged settlement of Northwest- led to canals being built all over US |
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Term
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Definition
| 1st major communication invention |
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Term
| 4 effects of 2nd Great Awakening? |
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Definition
1. reawakened old religions (baptism and methodist)
2. increased belief in free will
3. new denominations began (Mormon)
4. increased belief in post millenialism |
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Term
| sig. of temperance movement? |
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Definition
| helped decrease alcohol consumption |
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Term
| sig. of cult of domesticity? |
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Definition
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Term
| sig. of american colonization society? |
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Definition
| largest antislavery society |
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Term
| sig. of frederick douglas? |
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Definition
| persuaded many that black intellect was not inferior |
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Term
| Sig. of Underground R.R.? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sig. of William Garrison? |
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Definition
| established 1st antislavery newspaper in America, the Liberator. |
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Term
| What president began the spoil system on a large scale? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the Maysville Roadbill? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who vetoed the Maysville Roadbill? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who destroyed the National Bank? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote S.C. exposition and protest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the spoils system? |
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Definition
| a process by which a political leader removed members of the opposing party from offices under his jurisdiction and replaced them with members of his own party. |
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Term
| What did the Maysville Roadbill propose? |
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Definition
| proposed federal funding for a road btwn Maysville and Lexington, Kentucky |
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Term
| Why did the 2nd bank of US apply for an extention of its charter 4yrs early? |
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Definition
| Henry Clay was in a runoff against Andrew Jackson, and he persuaded Biddle to apply early in order to make it an issue for Jackson- causing him to lose. But Jackson won the election anyways and eventually killed the 2nd bank of US. |
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Term
| Effect of Andrew Jackson's veto in 1832(?)? |
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Definition
| helped Jackson win election against Clay |
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Term
| What action did Jackson take in 1833? |
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Definition
| Destroy the 2nd National bank- placed money in pet banks and paid federal expenses with withdrawls from it, while denying it new funds. |
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Term
| What action did S.C. take concernign the tariff of 1832? |
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Definition
| tried to nullify (inactivate) the tariff of 1832. |
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Term
| How is the nullification crisis (S.C.-tariff of 1833) settled? |
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Definition
| Henry Clay's Compromise of 1833- the tariff would be lowered over a nine year period to a maximum of twenty percent. |
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Term
| What did the Indian Resettlement Act of 1830 do? |
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Definition
| Moved indians from east to west of Miss. River |
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Term
| What did Jackson think of Indians? |
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Definition
| Thought they were primitive race, blocking civilization. |
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Term
| What is the ultimate origin of southern distinction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What effect did warm climate and fertile soil have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was teh effect of cash crops? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 effects of plantation system? |
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Definition
| slavery, rural society, small homogenous population |
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Term
| What was the effect of slavery? |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 factors that benefitted slaves? |
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Definition
1. economic interest of slave holders
2. masters paternism
3. covert(secret) means of existence
4. slave community and culture |
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Term
| 3 great examples of northern racism during antebellum period? |
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Definition
| practiced legalized segregation, high property qualifications for blacks, blacks could not enter certain states (NW) |
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Term
| What organization did the Know-Nothing Party originate? |
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Definition
| Order of the Star Spangled Banner |
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Term
| 2 chief demands of know-nothing party? |
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Definition
1. exclude immigrants and catholics for office
2. increase time to become citizen from 5 to 21 yrs |
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Term
| what event destroyed the know-nothing party? |
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Definition
| passage of kansas-nebraska act |
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Term
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Definition
| Lowered moral of federal workers, also took a lot of president's time |
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Term
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Definition
| prevented federal funding for internal improvements |
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Term
| Sig. of Jackson's destruction of National Bank? |
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Definition
| 20 yr cycle of boom and bust |
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Term
| Destrution of nullification Doctrine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sig. of Jackson's Indian Policay?(3) |
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Definition
| Blackhawk Indian War, Seminole War, Cherokee Trail of Tears |
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Term
| 5 steps in which US expanded geographically after 1783? |
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Definition
1. Louisiana Purchase 1803
2. Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 = Florida
3. Annexation of Texas 1845
4. Buchanen-Packenham Treaty 1846= Oregon (NW US)
5. Treaty of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo 1848 = SW US |
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Term
| Effects of Am. Geographical expansion? |
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Definition
1.LA purchase- a. undermined strict contruction of US constitution
b. kept US agricultural
c. helped cause Civil War
2. Mexican War- a. improved respect of US army
b. undermined relation of Latin Am.
c. helped cause Civil War |
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Term
| inventions that allowed US economic expansion |
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Definition
1. cotton gin, steel plow, mechanical harvester
2. steamboat, train, clipper ship
3. steam powered textile machinery |
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Term
| Who were texans and mexican generals at the battle of san jacinto? |
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Definition
texan- Sam Houston
mexican- Santa Ana |
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Term
| Who were democratic and whig candidates in election of 1844? |
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Definition
Democratic- James K Polk
Whig- Henry Clay |
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Term
| Who commanded Am. soldiers in the Southern-Mexican campaign? |
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Definition
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Term
| What Am. negotiated the Treaty of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were whig and Democrat candidates of election of 1848? |
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Definition
Whig- Zach Taylor
Dem- Lewis Cass |
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Term
| Who's sawmill was gold discovered in 1848? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who led the drive for the compromise of 1850? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who led the rave on Harper's Ferry? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the majority opinion for Dred-Scott Decision? |
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Definition
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Term
| Candidates for election of 1860? |
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Definition
Lincoln- Republican
John Breckinridge- Southern Democrat
Douglas- Northern Democrat
Bell- Constitutional Union |
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Term
| Who ordered whom to attack Fort Sumter? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Am. and Texas go against mexico? |
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Definition
| santa ana tried to take away the rights of texans- rights they had been granted |
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Term
| What position did polk take on texas and oregon in election of 1844? |
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Definition
Oregon- occupy all of oregon
Texas- annex texas |
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Term
| Why did clay lose the election of 1844? |
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Definition
| Clay's shift to oppose the annexation of Texas cost him the election. |
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Term
| What military victory led to capture of New Mexico City? |
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Definition
| Cerro Gordo- Robert E. Lee outflanked mexicans and drove them from Cerro Gordo |
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Term
| Terms of treaty Guadeloupe-Hidalgo? |
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Definition
| Mexico gave Texas, Mexico, and California to the U.S. for 15million and would pay American citizens’ $3.25 million claims against the Mexican government. |
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Term
| Why did Taylor win the election of 1848? |
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Definition
| The Free Soil Party siphoned votes from Cass in New York to give Taylor the state and the election. |
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Term
| Terms of Compromise of 1850? |
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Definition
| Tougher fugitive slave law, california a free state, new mexico got texas land, no slave trade in dc, utah and mexico popular sovereignty |
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Term
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Definition
| disputed expansion of slavery, poor leadership, passion (north and south), panic of 1857, addition of new free states, Lincoln's victory of election of 1860, S.C. succession |
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Term
| What was Uncle Tom's Cabin? |
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Definition
| anti-slavery novel that exaggerated the brutality of slavery |
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Term
| What did Kansas-Nebraska act do? |
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Definition
| repelled the missouri compromise- and instead kansas-nebraska had popular sovereignty of choice- free or slave |
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Term
| Controversial part of dred-scott decision? |
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Definition
| both missouri compromise and kan-nebraska were unconstitutional. neither congress or territory legislatures could not prohibit slavery in the territories |
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Term
| What was teh Lacompton Constitution? |
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Definition
| pro-slavery constitution that kansas citizens rejected. then sent to congress, who also rejected it. |
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Term
| 2 parts of lincoln's platform in 1860? |
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Definition
| end to expansion of slavery, homestead act- give free land out west, high tariffs, transcontinental railroad. |
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Term
| What could Jefferson Davis have done instead of attacking Fort Sumter? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sig. Battle of San Jacinto? |
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Definition
| secured independence for texas |
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Term
| sig of southern-mexico campaign? |
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Definition
| ended with capture of mexico city and end of the mexican war |
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Term
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Definition
| cali. gained enough ppl to apply for statehood- applied free-set union off balance |
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Term
| sig of compromise of 1850? |
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Definition
| held union together for another decade- north got stronger |
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Term
| Sig. of Uncle Tom's Cabin? |
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Definition
| helped prevent Britain and France from recognizing the confederacy, undermined fugitive slave law |
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Term
| Sig. of Harper's Ferry and Election of 1860? |
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Definition
| led to succession of deep south |
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Term
| sig of dred-scott decision? |
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Definition
| examples of southern passion |
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Term
| sig of attack on ft. sumter? |
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Definition
| succession of upper south and start of civil war. |
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Term
| Who developed the Anaconda Plan? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who commanded the Union and Confed. forces at 1st battle of Bull Run? |
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Definition
Union- Mccdowell
Confed- Beauregard |
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Term
| What AM. naval commander seized Brit. steam ship the Trent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What union naval commander helped capture N.O.? |
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Definition
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Term
| What union commander waged the Peninsula campaign? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who commanded confed. and union troops at battle of Antietem? |
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Definition
Union- Mcclellan
Confed- Lee |
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Term
| Commanded un. and con. troops at battle of Gettysburg? |
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Definition
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Term
| Un. and Conf. at battle of Vicksburg? |
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Definition
Union-Grant
Confed- Pemberton |
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Term
| Un and Northern Democrat party candidates? |
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Definition
Union party- lincoln
Northern Dem- Mcclellan |
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Term
| Who commanded confederate forces against Grant's Virginia Campaign? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were 4 steps of Anaconda Plan? |
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Definition
1. surround enemy
2. capture miss. river -split south
3. take control of R.R.
4. Capture richmond |
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Term
| Why did Union lose battle of Bull Run? |
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Definition
| Jackson held line which allowed time for Johnston to arrive with reinforcements |
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Term
| What mistake did confed. make after 1st battle of bull run? |
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Definition
| not pursuing and capturing captial of DC- ending the war |
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Term
| How was Farragut able to capture N.O.? |
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Definition
| Confed. had chain and Farragut split it (?) |
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Term
| Why did Mcclellan's Peninsula campaign fail? |
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Definition
| gets within a few miles of Richmond and stopped to wait for reinforcements |
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Term
| Why did lee lose battle of antietam? |
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Definition
| one of generals left invasion plans and mcclellan got a hold of them and cut him off |
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Term
| Emanc. Proclamation stated? |
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Definition
| slaves held in Confederate territory would be free after july1, 1864. |
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Term
| How did Grant capture Vicksburg? |
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Definition
| crosses Miss. River- beats johnson in miss., defeats pemberton, pemberton retreats to vicksburg, vicksburg surrounded |
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