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| Colonial Settlements estalblished for economic or financial purposes by various companies. Although usually charterd by the crown, their remote circumstances helped foster the idea and practice of self-governance. |
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1585-1622
Virginia Colonist who pioneered th cultivation of Tobacco(which saved Jamestown) as a profitable agricultural enterprise. Rolfe married Pocahontas in 1614) |
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| Land owners would pay the passage of those willing to come to the colonies in exchange for an agreed upon term of service, after which the indentured servant was released from his obligation and was then free to seek his own fortune.. |
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| Slave as indentured servants |
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| Combination of racial prejudice, fears or "otherness", and unabashed greed operated to hold the "blackamoors" as they were called, in perpetual bondage. |
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| An assembly of representatives elected by the common people of the Virginia Colony, similar to the House of Commons. |
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| Settlements based on religious or moral values, mostly interested in being and example to Europe of living according to their own moral liberty. |
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| Small congregation of separatists seeking to distance themselves physically and spiritually, from the church of England by emigrating to New England. |
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1550-1630
Write and proponent of the Separatist movement that demanded separation from teh Church of England. His writings inspired groups such as the pilgrims to emigrate to America for religous freedom. |
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| Religious emigrants who wanted to reform the Church of England rather than sever all ties with it; Their beliefs in the Christian Calling, Moral Self-Governance, and in being God's elect would help shape the Founding and American national character. |
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1509-1564
A French theologian during the Protestant Reformation who greatly influenced puritan beliefs. he taught that the Bible was the final authority for matters of faith and that salvation came through grace only (not works). He also taught the doctrine of predestination. |
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| From John Calvin's predestinaton theology. The doctrine that God has already chosen those who will be saved. These elect people are to build a holy community as an example. |
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| From the Theology of John Calvin--people should pursue "calling in some sort fo worldly work where they are to rise early in the morning, work hard, save their money, and invest it wisely. Prosperity indicates God's approval. |
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| Puritan ideal that all must live a righteous life largely on their own with each man being responsible for his won actions and those of his family--with an eye on his neighbor as well. |
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1587-1649
Elected Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony before their departure from England, and re-elected many times
He is known for his sermon "A model of Christian Charity," in which he stated that the puritan colony would be "a city upon a hill" |
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| Latin for clean slate or blank slate. Puritans felt that the new worlds was a tabula rasa on which mankind could begin the human story anew. |
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| Biblical Idea, invoked by John Winthrop, of a society governed by civil liberty (where people did only that which was just and good) that would be an example to the world. |
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| Where men are free to do what they please without regard for the moral value of their actions |
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| According to John Winthrop, "Where men were free to do only that which is good,just, and honest" |
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1566-1625
Charles James Stuart was Kind of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland and was the first to style himself king of Great Britain. He was the first monarch of England from the House of Stuart, succeeding the last Tudor monarch, Elizabeth I, who died without an heir. |
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1632-1704
English Philosopher whose Treatises of Government espousing natural rights, consent of the governed, and social compacts greatly influenced the Founding Fathers. |
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| England's first political party, organized in political opposition to the King; Americans later formed their own Whig Party during the Jacksonian democracy era, but the two parties did not hold the same ideology. |
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| Second Treatise of Government |
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| John Locke's work arguing that true political authority comes not from God or precedent but from the people. |
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1650-1702
William of Orange acceded the throne with his wife Mary (Daughter of James II) in 1689, and became William III of England |
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| 1688 bloodless English revolution against the King, making the Kind subject to Parliament; considered a true founding of government. |
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| set of metalegal principles developed by the English legal system as a way of distinguishing whether a particular law supported freedom or not. |
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| Law that classical Greeks believed resided in the Human heart and reflects our innate sense of right and wrong. |
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| Fundamental rights granted by nature that government cannot abrogate and which government is bound to protect |
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106-43 B.C.
An orator, statesman, political theorist, lawyer, and philosopher of Ancient Rome. |
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| Law that is considered to be from natural law principles but that is framed in a form that can be interpreted more concretely. |
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| Rule of law principal that states when laws are made they must apply to broad categories of people and must not single out individuals or groups for special treatment. |
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| Rule of law principle that states laws must apply to future action and not past action |
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| Rule of law principle that states laws must by known and certain, such that everyone knows of their existence and their enforcement is reasonably reliable |
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| Rule of law principle that state lwas must be generally acceptable to those who must live by them |
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| Britain and her colonies fought against the French with their respective native allies. The French were defeated, solidifying British control of Northa America. |
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| Rule of Law principle that states when laws are applied they must be administered impartially. |
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