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American Civil War (British AS-level -2014)
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50
History
12th Grade
05/09/2014

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Term
The Senators
Definition
Two represent each state, they sit for six years and a third come up for re-election every two years.
Term
House Of Representatives
Definition
Number of representatives based on states population, elected on masse every two years.
Term
William Lloyd Garrison
Definition
Created a new form of abolitionist movement, demanded immediate abolition
Term
The National Anti-Slavery Society
Definition
Militant, had 250,000 members by 1838,
Term
Gag rule
Definition
Congress introduced it to prevent abolitionist petitions being heard
Term
Frederick Douglass
Definition
Escaped slave, leading abolitionist, inspirational speaker, close friend of John Brown, but refused to join his raid, and fled to Britain.
Term
Nat Turner
Definition
Incited a slave rebellion in 1831 that killed 55 whites, made southerners hate abolitionists
Term
Abolitionist literature was ________ from southern states
Definition
excluded
Term
In 1860, there were _______________ slaves in the South
Definition
nearly four million
Term
One in ___ families owned slaves in the south
Definition
four
Term
By 1860 there were _____ free blacks
Definition
450,000, 250,000 in the south, 200,000 in the north
Term
Cause of Missouri Compromise
Definition
There were 11 free states and 11 slave, Missouri would upset the balance
Term
The Missouri compromise stated that:
Definition
Maine was also created as a free state to balance out Missouri, and no slavery could exist above 36/30, known as the Missouri compromise line
Term
Texas won independence from Mexico in:
Definition
1836
Term
The leader of the texan-american army was:
Definition
Sam Houston
Term
James Polk was made president in:
Definition
1844
Term
Polk promised to:
Definition
Annex Texas and Oregon
Term
Texas was annexed in:
Definition
1845
Term
Manifest destiny was:
Definition
America's god given right to own all North America
Term
The Mexican-American war began in _______ and was caused by:
Definition
1846, Polk sending troops north of the Rio Grande river, where they were attacked and killed by mexican troops
Term
USA advantages in the war were:
Definition
Better Industrial Base, Better Junior Officers, Enthusiastic Volunteers, Naval Supremacy
Term
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo:
Definition
1848, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, most of Arizona and parts of Colorado and wyoming go to US, US pay Mexico $15 million.
Term
Wilmot Proviso
Definition
Slavery excluded from mexican territories, passed HoR, not Senate
Term
Calhoun Doctrine
Definition
A series of resolutions issued by Calhoun that stated citizens should be able to take their property into every territory
Term
Nullification Crisis
Definition
late 1820s, Calhoun and SC declared that a state had the right to nullify federal laws deemed unconstitutional. When SC did this to two tariff laws, Jackson threatened force. Ended because SC had no support from other states.
Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition
Thought up by Lewis Cass and Stephen Douglas, the idea that the people in the territories voted on becoming a slave state or not
Term
1848 election
Definition
Won by Zachary Taylor, a mexican war hero
Term
California and New Mexico
Definition
Taylor wanted both to be admitted as free states, this horrified the south
Term
New Mexico had a border dispute with:
Definition
Texas
Term
1850 compromise
Definition
Made by Henry Clay, California admitted as a free state, Utah and New Mexico territories, no mention of slavery, slave trading ended in washington, a more stringent Fugitive Slave Act passed, and New Mexico gets the land, Texas gets $10 million
Term
Zachary Taylor:
Definition
Did not support the compromise, but died before it was voted on. His successor, Fillmore, threw his weight behind it. It didnt pass, but Senator Douglass passed each part separately afterwards.
Term
New Fugitive Slave Act:
Definition
Federal Marshals can raise posse's on Northern Soil, and targeted people who had escaped years ago
Term
1852 election:
Definition
Won by Pierce
Term
Gadsden Purchase
Definition
Pierce gave James Gadsden the authority to buy 250,000 square miles of mexican territory, he eventually purchased 54,000, it only passed the Senate after 9000 square miles were passed
Term
Cuba:
Definition
In 1851, there was an american-sponsored filibuster expedition to overthrow the government
Term
Ostend Manifesto
Definition
Stated that america would be justified in taking Cuba from spain, was leaked and denounced by the North
Term
Nebraska Act - Kansas Nebraska Act 1854
Definition
Originally intended to have Nebraska admitted as a single state, after the South Rejected it, it split Nebraska into KN, and also repealed the ban on slavery there
Term
Know Nothings grew big in:
Definition
1850
Term
Bleeding Kansas:
Definition
Pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers ended up fighting,
Term
Sack Of Lawrence:
Definition
1856, pro-slavery posse burnt down a few buildings
Term
Republicans got big in:
Definition
1856
Term
Bleeding Sumner:
Definition
Preston Brooks beat Sumner with a cane until it broke, because Sumner attacked his uncle in a speech
Term
1856 election won by:
Definition
Buchanan
Term
Dredd Scott Case:
Definition
1857, Could Scott sue in courts, was he free as a result of living in Illinois, was he free as a result of living in Wisconsin? No to all
Term
Depression of:
Definition
1857, North wanted tariffs, south and Buchanan refused to pass them and actively blocked them, enhanced sectional divide
Term
Lecompton constitution
Definition
In Kansas, there was two govt. Topeka = free, Lecompton = slave. When Lecompton drew up an election, free staters refused to vote, thinking it would be rigged. When they did vote, the slavers rigged it. Governer Walker overccame enough false votes to give free staters a majority.
Term
Buchanan versus Douglas
Definition
Although there was a free state majority, the legislature for the constitution was already pro slavery. It offered a vote of slavery, or no future slavery, but those already in were secure. Walker told Buchanan it was a fraud, but Buchanan didnt beleive him, so he retired, Buchanan said it was fair, douglas attacked him for it, split the Democrats in two
Term
1858 Illinois election
Definition
Douglas Vs. Lincoln, Douglas got less votes but still won
Term
John Browns Raid
Definition
1859, on Harpers Ferry Aresnal, In an attempt to spark a slave revolt
Term
1860 election, won by:
Definition
Lincoln, caused civil war
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