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altitue and performance
gaga
24
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
12/11/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

 

what is the difference btw medium altitude and high altitude?

Definition

 

 

 

medium : 5000-10000 ft

 

high : greater than 10 000 ft

Term

 

 

 

 

what happens to barometric pressure when altitude increases?

Definition

 

 

 

 

it decreases

Term

 

 

 

 

what is P02 in dry air @ sea level?

explain the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve

Definition

 

 

160mmhg

 

small change in % saturation of hemoglobin is observed with decreasing Po2 until altitude of 10000

Term

 

 

 

 

when can measurable negative effect of vo2max be noted at ?

Definition

 

 

 

 

4000 ft

Term

 

 

 

 

 

what happens to air when you increase altitue?

Definition

 

 air tem will decrease 6.5 every 1000 meters

 

it will become dry and water loss via respiratory tract is higher at higher altitude.

Term

 

 

 

 

 

is solar radation greater at higher altitudes?

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

YES

Term

 

 

 

 

 

what happens to hemoglobin as you start to climb?

Definition

 

 

 

 

it will start to increase due to decrease in plasma volume and increase in RBC by the bone marrow.

Term

 

 

 

 

what happens to the pulmonary system?

Definition

 

 

decreases alveolar partial presure -- decreases arteriolar PP -- stimlatres aortic and carotid chemoreceptors -- incrreases ventilation -- increases pp

 

hyperventilation -- decreases pp -- increaes ph in blood-- kidneys will compensate by excreting hco3

 

Term

 

 

 

 

what happens to sensory and mental function?

Definition

decreases at

at 10 000 ft.

visual acuity

light sensitivity

attention span

@ 14800-18 000 ft

cognition and recall

pursuit tracking ability

@ 20 000 reaction time.

Term

 

 

 

V.O2max decreases 3 - 3.5 %  per 1000 ft above 5000 ft.  At 14,000 ft V.O2max is decreased  approximately 30 %.  This is due to the following:

 

Definition

 

 

1) decreased o2 content in arterial blood

 

2) after acclimatization: decare in max Q due to decreased HR and SV.

Term

 

 

 

 

is the % reduction in vo2max the same in untrained and trained?

Definition

 

 

 

 

yes

Term

 

 

 

 

why during heavy exercising is the blood lactate levels higher at altitude for any given work rate?

Definition

 

 

 

1) vo2max is reduced -- @ any given work rate a higher % is required to perform

2) reduced blood buffering capacity due to excretion of certain amounts of bicarbonate via the kidneys

Term

 

 

 

 

 

what ar the acclimatization limits?

Definition

 

 

 

 

physical and mental function starts to deteriorate abover 17 000 ft

Term

 

 

 

 

the number of days need to acclimatized depends on altitude. so ... what are the days that youhave to stay at that altitude?

Definition

 

 

9000 ft-- 7-10 days

12 000 --- 15-21 days

15000 --- 21-25 days

Term

 

 

 

 

what happens when you are at higher altitude for longer than two weeks?

Definition

 

 

 

 

reduction in body fat and lean body mass. because of appetide depression

Term

 

 

 

 

how long should althletes acclimatize for ?

Definition

 

 

 

 

2-3 weeks

Term

 

 

 

 

what might happen during the first few days of high altidue training?

Definition

 

 

 

acute mountain sickness

 

Term

 

 

what are the adaptions to altidue which should increase vo2max on return to sea level?

 

 

what are the ones that hinder performance?

Definition

1) incrase hemoglobin concentration

2) local muscles adaptions

 

1) decrease mx SV

2) increase Ve at anygiving work rate

3) decreased buffering capacity

4) speficity of training

Term

 

 

 

 

live high and train low.. explain

Definition

 

 

athletes sleep and live at high altitudes and train at low altitudes for a few hours..

 

benefits physiological adapations. while maintaining seal levels training intensity.

Term

 

 

 

 

how do you prevent altitude illness?

Definition

 

 

 

1) slow ascent to altitude while climbing.

2) high carb diet -- reduces acute mountain sickess by 30%

3) appropriate exercise --- avoid excessi breathless and fatigue

4) drug prophylaxis- take drugs to lessen the illness

5) fluid ingestion -- drink lots of water

Term

 

 

 

what are symptoms of AMS?

how do you treat it?

Definition

 

 

 

headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomitting, dizziness, insomnia, feel weak,

 

 

fluid replacement and rest and aspirin

Term

 

 

 

 

what is pulmonary edema?

what are the symptoms?

how do you treat it?

Definition

 

fluid in the alveoli

symp: short breath, severe fatigue, cough with sometimes blood, tachycardia, headache, insomina, sligh fever, unconciousness and death

 

treat: descend to lower altitude immediately

diuretics are quite effective only if you replace fluids

diamox --

Term

 

 

 

 

what is hace

Definition

 

cerebral edema

 

fluid in the brain

 

symt: ataxia, confusion, hallucination, headaches, weak and fatigue,come

 

treat; same as hape

Term

 

 

 

 

what are the 4 principles to treat altitude illness?

Definition

 

  1. stop going up when symp appears
  2. descend if conditions worsen
  3. descend immediately if hape, loss of coordination, you keep on passing out
  4. dont leave them alone
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