Term
| functions of the respiratory system |
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Definition
| providing an area for gas exchange 2. moving air to and from the exchange surface. 3. Protecting respiratory surfaces. 4. Defending the respiratory system tissues from invasion by pathogenic microorganisms 5. producing sounds involved in speaking singing and noverbal communication. 6. assiting in the regulation of blood volume, blood pressure, and the control of the body fluid pH. |
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Term
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Definition
| 2types.. eupnea(normal breathing), hyperpnea(forced breathing) |
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Term
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Definition
normal breathing
2 types, Diaphragmatic breething
Costal breathing |
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Term
| respiratory centers Lower |
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Definition
| Pons, medulla oblongata, Respiratory rythmic centers. These are lower centers |
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Term
| Respiratory centers Higher |
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Definition
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Term
| Reflexes involved in respiration |
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Definition
1) Mechanoreceptor-response to Changes in size and pressure
2) Chemoreceptor Sense pH, pO2 and pCO2
3) Protective- Response to Injury--irritaion |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of elasticity and ability to inflate and deflate easily----Arthirtic changes in rib cage----Emphysema to some degree |
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Term
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Definition
5-6 ltrs in man.....4-5 ltrs in woman...Hypovolemic=low....Normovolemic=normal..
..Hypervolemic=high..
Alkaline, 100.4F |
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Term
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Definition
| Transport of dissolved gases, nutrients hormones and gases....Transport metabolic waste..Deliver Enzymes and hormones....Stabilize pH and metabolic range....Defense...Prevent Fluid loss...Stabilize body temperature.. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plamsa--water---Electrolytes----nutrients---Organice wates---Proteins(albumins, globulins, fibrinogen) Formed Elements---RBC's WBC's Platelets..... |
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Term
| Composition of the blood (formed elements) |
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Definition
RBC's WBC's Platelets
Granulocytes..Neutrophils..Eosionphils..Basophils...
Aganulocytes...Monocytes..Lymphocytes..
Platelets |
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Term
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Definition
| 95% RBC proteins, Red pigment, Oxygen carrier, 25% CO2, Type A, Type B, Type AB, No-antibodies Type O Anti-A Anti-B antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
Hemocytoblast (AyB)--stem cell
A) Myeloid--Progenitor Cells---Process (1) Erythopoiesis-RBC formation (2) Megakaryocytes--Platelets............
B) Lymphoid...Progenitor Cells..Process..Leukopoiesis---WBC formation |
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Term
| Cardiovascular system(Intro) |
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Definition
is a closed system the circulates blood.
2-groups of blood vessels,one supplies the lungs, other supplies the rest of the body,, |
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Term
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Definition
| Elastic arteries, largest conductiong arteries, muscular arteriesarterioles , local blood flow... |
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Term
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Definition
| Venules..the smallest veins collect blood from capillaries...Medium-sized.....Large veins,include great veins, SVC, IVC. |
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Term
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Definition
1)blood must stay in motion to maitain homeostasis
2)the heart keeps blood moving....
3) Volume pumed=5-30 ltrs.... |
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Term
| Coronary Circulation(list) |
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Definition
Right coronary artery..
Atrial branches..
Ventricular branches..
Left coronary artery...
Great cardiac vein.. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| marginal branch. posterior interventricular branch. branches to conduction system. |
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Term
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Definition
| branches to circumflex artery and the anterior interventricular branch |
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Term
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Definition
| empties into coronary sinus in right atruim through posterior cardiac vein, middle, and small cardiac vein |
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Term
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Definition
START
Atrial systole begins, ..atrial systole ends...Ventricular systole 1st phase...Ventricular systole 2nd phase...Ventricular diastole-early...Ventricular diastole--late |
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Term
| lymphatic system is composed of |
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Definition
Lymphatic vessels
Lymph
Lymphoid tissues
Lymphoid organs |
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Term
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Definition
Interstitial fluid, which resembles blood plasma, but with a lower concentration of proteins.
Lymphocytes, cells responsible for the immune response.
Macrophages of various types. |
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Term
| The primary functions of the lymphatic system are to: |
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Definition
Produce, maintain, and distribute lymphocytes. .........
Maintain normal blood volume and eliminate local variations in the chemical composition of the interstitial fluid..........
Provide an alternative route for the transport of hormones, nutrients, and waste products. |
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Term
| Two sets of lymphatic vessels: |
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Definition
| Superficial lymphatics travel with superficial veins.....Deep lymphatics are large lymphatic vessels that accompany the deep arteries and veins. |
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Term
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Definition
| They collect lymph from skeletal muscles and other organs of the neck, limbs, and trunk, as well as visceral organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. |
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Term
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Definition
The subcutaneous layer next to the skin.
The loose connective tissues of the mucous membranes.
The loose connective tissues of the serous membranes. |
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Term
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Definition
Primary cells of the lymphatic system, and they are responsible for specific immunity.....
They respond to the presence of:
Invading organisms, such as bacteria and viruses.........
Abnormal body cells, such as virus-infected cells or cancer cells.
Foreign proteins, such as the toxins released by some bacteria..... |
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Term
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Definition
Lies above heart....
Involutes with age....
Divided into lobes, subdivided by septa into
lobules....
cortex and medulla
Blood – thymus barrier – protects maturing cells from immune attack.....
Reticular cells (Hassall’s corpuscles) – produce thymic hormones |
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Term
| Aging and the Lymphatic System |
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Definition
Becomes less effective at combating disease. .........
T cells become less responsive to antigens.........
The number of helper T cells is reduced.
B cells are less responsive..........
Antibody levels do not rise as quickly after antigen exposure. ........
Increased susceptibility to viral and bacterial infection. ....... |
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Term
The Urinary System
Functions |
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Definition
1 Regulates ions.....
2 Regulates blood volume and blood pressure
3 Contributes to the stabilization of blood pH
4 Conserves valuable nutrients
5 Eliminates organic waste products
6 Synthesizes calcitriol
7 Assists the liver in detoxifying poisons |
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Term
| Lymph flow Right quadrants |
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Definition
Tissue (lymph from interstitial fluid)--lymphatic capilaries
---> lymphatic vessesl--> lymph nodes--> lymphatic vessels-->(the lymph may enter a series of lymph nodes before continuing)---> right upper half body--->
R lymphatic duct---> R subclavian veing--->heart |
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Term
| Lymph flow from left quadrant |
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Definition
| lower limbs and left upper half body----> Cysterni chyli--->Thoracic duct---> L lymphatic duct--->L subclavian Vein---Heart |
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