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Active Directory
Chapter 5 Active Directory Administration
31
Computer Networking
Undergraduate 1
05/30/2012

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Cards

Term
Access token     
Definition
Created when a user logs on, this value identifies the user and all of the user’s group memberships. Like a club membership card, it verifies a user’s permissions when the user attempts to access a local or network resource.
Term
Anonymous Logon     
Definition

Special identity that refers to users who have not supplied a username and password.

Term
Authenticate
Definition

To gain access to the network, prospective network users must identify themselves to a network using specific user accounts.

Term
Authentication
Definition
Process of confirming a user’s identity using a known value such as a password, pin number on a smart card, or the user’s fingerprint or handprint in the case of biometric authentication.
Term
Authorization
Definition

Process of confirming that an authenticated user has the correct permissions to access one or more network resources.

Term
Batch file     
Definition
Files, typically configured with either a .bat extension or a .cmd extension, that can be used to automate many routine or repetitive tasks.
Term
Built-in user accounts     
Definition

Accounts automatically created when Microsoft Windows Server 2008 is installed. By default, two built-in user accounts are created on a Windows Server 2008 computer: the Administrator account and the Guest account.

Term
Comma-Separated Value Directory Exchange (CSVDE)     
Definition

Command-line utility used to import or export Active Directory information from a comma-separated value (.csv) file.

Term
Comma-Separated Values (CSV)     
Definition

Format that contains a comma between each value. The CSV format can be used to import and export information from other third-party applications.

Term
Distribution group     
Definition

Non-security-related groups created for the distribution of information to one or more persons.

Term
Domain account     
Definition

Accounts used to access Active Directory or network-based resources, such as shared folders or printers.

 

Term
Domain local group     
Definition

Group used to assign permissions to resources that reside only in the same domain as the domain local group. They can contain user accounts, computer accounts, global groups, and universal groups from any domain, in addition to other domain local groups from the same domain.

 

Term
dsadd
Definition

Command-line tool used to create, delete, view, and modify Active Directory objects including users, groups, and organizational units.

 

Term
Everyone
Definition

Special identity group that contains all authenticated users and domain guests.

Term
Global group     
Definition

Group used to grant or deny permissions to any resource located in any domain in the forest. Global groups can contain user accounts, computer accounts, and/or other global groups only from within the same domain as the global group.

 

Term
Group
Definition

Collection of user or computer accounts that is used to simplify the assignment of permissions to network resources.

Term
Group nesting     
Definition

Process of configuring one or more groups as members of another group.

Term
Group scope
Definition

Group characteristic that defines the extent of the group in the domain tree or forest.

Term
Group type     
Definition

Group characteristic that defines how a group is to be used within Active Directory.

Term
Header record 
Definition

First line of the imported or exported text file that uses proper attribute names.

Term
LDAP Data Interchange Format (LDIF)     
Definition

Format for the data file containing the object records to be created.

 

Term
LDAP Data Interchange Format Directory Exchange (LDIFDE) 
Definition

Command-line utility used to import or export Active Directory information and create, modify, and delete Active Directory objects.

Term
Local account     
Definition

Account used to access the local computer only. They are stored in the local Security Account Manager (SAM) database on the computer where they reside. Local accounts are never replicated to other computers, nor do these accounts have domain access.

Term
Local group     
Definition

Collection of user accounts that are local to one specific workstation or member server. Local groups are created in the security database of a local computer and are not replicated to Active Directory or any other computers on the network.

Term
Nested
Definition

Object placed inside another object of the same type.

Term
Nested membership
Definition
When a group is placed in a second group, the members of the first group become members of the second group.
Term
SAM account name     
Definition

Each user’s login name—the portion to the left of the “@” within a User Principal Name. The SAM account name must be unique across a domain.

Term
Security Account Manager (SAM)     
Definition

Database containing user accounts and security information that is located on a server.

Term
Security group
Definition

Security-related group created for purposes of granting resource access permissions to multiple users.

 

Term
Special identity group     
Definition

Group used to define permission assignments. Administrators cannot manually modify the group membership of special identity groups, nor can they view their membership lists.

Term
Windows Script Host (WSH)     
Definition

Allows scripts to be run from a Windows desktop or a command prompt. The runtime programs provided to do this are WScript.exe and CScript.exe, respectively.

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