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| second part of the Stone Age beginning about 750,00 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about 8,500 years BC |
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| an ancient region in W Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers: now part of Iraq. |
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| an ancient region in southern Mesopotamia that contained a number of independent cities and city-states of which the first were established possibly as early as 5000 b.c.: conquered by the Elamites and, about 2000 b.c., by the Babylonians; a number of its cities, as Ur, Uruk, Kish, and Lagash, are major archaeological sites in southern Iraq. |
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| the doctrine of or belief in more than one god or in many gods |
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| (among the ancient Babylonians and Assyrians) a temple of Sumerian origin in the form of a pyramidal tower, consisting of a number of stories and having about the outside a broad ascent winding round the structure, presenting the appearance of a series of terraces. |
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| latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000 BC in the Middle East (but later elsewhere) |
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| an agricultural region extending from the Levant to Iraq. |
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| composed of slim triangular or wedge-shaped elements, as the characters used in writing by the ancient Akkadians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, and others. |
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| the doctrine or belief that there is only one God. |
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| an ancient city of SW Asia, on the Euphrates River, famed for its magnificence and culture: capital of Babylonia and later of the Chaldean empire. |
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| an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached. |
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| an advocate of an aristocratic form of government. |
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| ancient city of Palestine, N of the Dead Sea, formerly in W Jordan; occupied by Israel 1967–94; since 1994 under Palestinian self-rule. |
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| a legendary Sumerian king, the hero of Sumerian and Babylonian epics. |
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| a republic in SW Asia, on the Mediterranean: formed as a Jewish state May 1948. 5,534,672; 7984 sq. mi. (20,679 sq. km). Capital: Jerusalem. |
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| the quality in a person or society that arises from a concern for what is regarded as excellent in arts, letters, manners, scholarly pursuits, etc. |
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| of or pertaining to a patriarch, the male head of a family, tribe, community, church, order, etc.: my father's conservative, patriarchal ways. |
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| Also called Holy Land. Biblical name, Canaan. an ancient country in SW Asia, on the E coast of the Mediterranean. |
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| 18th century b.c. or earlier, king of Babylonia. |
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| a period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and preceding the Iron Age, during which bronze weapons and implements were used. |
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| traditionally the unifier and 1st king of Egypt: founder of the 1st dynasty. |
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| to make (a dead body) into a mummy, as by embalming and drying. |
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| nomadic people who conquered and ruled ancient Egypt between the 13th and 18th dynasties, c1700–1580 b.c.: believed to have been a Semitic people that originally migrated into Egypt from Asia. |
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| 14th century b.c., a king of Egypt of the 18th dynasty. |
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| designating or pertaining to a pictographic script, particularly that of the ancient Egyptians, in which many of the symbols are conventionalized, recognizable pictures of the things represented. |
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| a stone slab, found in 1799 near Rosetta, bearing parallel inscriptions in Greek, Egyptian hieroglyphic, and demotic characters, making possible the decipherment of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics. |
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| the 10th letter of the Arabic alphabet. |
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| formerly) a high official in certain Muslim countries and caliphates, especially a minister of state. Compare grand vizier. |
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| first egyptian pharaoh that was a girl |
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| 1292–1225 b.c., king of ancient Egypt. |
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| a cursive form of Egyptian hieroglyphics; used especially by the priests [syn: hieratic] |
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| the king and judge of the dead, the husband and brother of Isis, and father (or brother) of Horus, killed by set but later resurrected (after Horus killed Set): usually depicted as a man, partly wrapped as a mummy, having a beard and wearing the atef-crown. |
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| a title of an ancient Egyptian king. |
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| a city in N Egypt: a suburb of Cairo across the Nile; the ancient Egyptian pyramids and the Sphinx are located nearby. 853,700. |
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| , king of Egypt, of the 18th dynasty |
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| 69–30 b.c., queen of Egypt |
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| a spiritual entity, an aspect of the individual, believed to live within the body during life and to survive it after death. |
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| the goddess personifying law and righteousness. |
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