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A. Ch.3 Organs
Skeletal, Muscle, Nervous
19
Anatomy
Graduate
05/30/2013

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Cards

Term
organ
Definition
combination of several different tissues that work together to perform a function
Term
organ systems
Definition
group of organs of somehwat similar makeup and similar functions
Term
endochondral bone formation
Definition
bone growth that occurs at the end of long bones. Cartilage is eroded, bone is laid down on inside and outside.
Term
intramembranous bone formation
Definition
does not go through cartilaginous stage & is derived from mesenchymal tissue, (Ex. flat bones of skull, surface of shaft on long bones)
Term
5 Shape Classifications of Bone
Definition
long(femur), short(carpal), flat(skull), irregular(vertebrae), sesamoid(bones in connection with tendons ie. patella, foot)
Term
diaphysis
Definition
shaft of bone
Term
epiphysis
Definition
one at each end of the bone
Term
metaphysis
Definition
junction between diaphysis and epiphysis
Term
compact bone
Definition
forms the diaphysis and surrounds the medullary/marrow cavity
Term
medullary cavity
Definition
produces RBCs and WBCs during fetal life, ceases during adulthood. Red marrow is actively producing RBCs and is supplied by the nutrient artery.
Term
spongy bone
Definition
at the end of long bones, trabeculae
Term
epiphyseal plate
Definition
cartilaginous plate (in childhood) between diaphysis and epiphysis, reponsible for growth in length of diaphysis. Growth in long bone continues as long as epiphyseal plates are not being replaced by boneĀ fasterĀ than the new cartilage is formed. EP is destroyed and growth stops when cartilage is completely replaced with bone.
Term
epiphyseal line
Definition
after epiphyseal plate has been destroyed and completely replaced by bone
Term
Epiphyseal plates relationship to gender differences
Definition
Girls have epiphyseal fusion 3 years before boys. (earlier sexual maturity & growth ceases earlier compared to boys)
Term
periosteum
Definition
fibrous CT membrane that covers around the bone
Term
osteoblasts
Definition
cells responsible for forming bone, found in the inner layer of periosteum
Term
osteoclasts
Definition
cells in the endosteum responsible for destroying bone to allow enlargement of medullary cavity and to prevent bone from becoming to thick as more bone is added to the outer surface
Term
endosteum
Definition
lines medullary cavity inside bone
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