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Abs part 1
abs part 1
120
Anatomy
Professional
01/26/2010

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Term
abdominopelvic cavity completely enclosed by:
Definition
musculo-aponeurotic layers
Term
Outer fatty layer of suferficial fascia subcutaneous tissue of anterolateral abdominal wall
Definition
Camper's fascia
Term
Deeper membranous layer of superficial fascia subcutaneous tissue of anterolateral abdominal wall
Definition
Scarpa's fascia
Term
Anterior layer of Rectus sheath made of
Definition

external oblique aponeurosis

part of internal oblique aponeurosis

Term
Posterior layer of Rectus sheath made of
Definition

portion of internal oblique aponeurosis

transver abdominal aponeurosis

Term
Only thing that covers posterior rectus below arcuate line
Definition
transversalis fascia
Term
Linea alba
Definition

intersection of aponeurosis in the midline

runs from xiphoid to pubic symphysis

Term
Innervation of anterior abdominal wall
Definition
both motor and sensory via ventral rami of intercostal nerves T5- T12/L1
Term
Origin of ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves
Definition
L1
Term
Lympathic system below umbilicus
Definition
Inguinal nodes
Term
Lymphatic drainage above umbilicus
Definition
Axillary nodes
Term
lateral umbilical folds cover
Definition
inferior epigastric arteries
Term
umbilicus
Definition
site of skin fixation to linea alba, congenital weakness due to passage of umbilical cord during fetal developmeny
Term
Inguinal herniation location
Definition

male- abdominal wall of spermatic cord in male

female- round ligament of uterus in female

Term
internal right is ____ to the external ring
Definition
lateral
Term
Internal and external rings connected by
Definition
inguinal canal
Term
anterior wall of inguinal canal
Definition
aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
Term
Posterior wall of inguinal canal
Definition
transversalis fascia
Term
Contents of spermatic cord
Definition

ductus deferens

testicular artery

pampiniform venous plexus

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

lymphatics

cremasteric artery

Term
Cremasteric artery branches from
Definition
inferior epigastric artery
Term
Testicular artery a branch of
Definition
aorta
Term
Pampiniform venous plexus returns venous blood to...
Definition
IVC or renal vein
Term
Internal spermatic fascia a layer of the spermatic corde is a continuation of...
Definition
transversalis fascia
Term
Cremasteric fascia of spermatic cord continuation of..
Definition
internal oblique muscle
Term
External spermatic fascia of spermatic cord is a continuation of:
Definition
external oblique aponeurosis
Term
Gubernaculum
Definition
fibrous cord that connects the embryonic gonads to the inguinal region
Term
Testicular lymphatic drain to:
Definition

periaortic lymph nodes

(not inguinal nodes)

Term
Hernial sac
Definition
the peritoneum and adjacent fatty tissue or even viscera which compose the wall of the hernia
Term
indirect inguinal hernia originates _____ to epigastic vessels
Definition
lateral
Term
Direct inguinal hernia originates _____ to inferior epigastric vessels
Definition
medial
Term
Boundaries of inguinal triangle
Definition
medial border of rectus sheath
Term
hernial defect or ring
Definition
weakness or absence of abdominal fascia at the site of a hernia
Term
Reducible hernia
Definition
contents of hernia able to return to abdominal cavity with recumbency or external pressure
Term
Incarcerated hernia
Definition
contents of hernia not able to be returned to abdomen with external pressure
Term
Strangulated hernia
Definition
contents of hernia rendered ischemic due to obstruction of arterial/venous flow due to pressure within the hernia
Term
femoral hernias more common in which gender
Definition
females
Term
Pain in epigastrium T6-8 refers to pain from what organs?
Definition

foregut

Distal esophagus, stomach, duodenum, biliary and pancreas

Term
Pain in periumbilical region T9-10 refers to pain from what organs?
Definition

Midgut

Small bowel, appendix and proximal colon

Term
Pain in hypogastrium T11-L1 refers to pain in which organs?
Definition

Hindgut

Distal colon, rectum

Term
Pain in flank and groin T9-L2 refer to pain from:
Definition
renal and ureteral sx
Term
ascites
Definition
occurs when production of fluid exceeds absorption as in cirrhosis, chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome
Term
definition: mesentery
Definition
double layer of peritoneum extending from abdominal wall to enclose any portion of a viscera, carries blood and lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes and nerves
Term
Definition: peritoneal ligament
Definition
double layer of peritonuem that attaches an organ to abdominal wall or another organ
Term
Definiton: omentum
Definition
double layered sheet of fatty tissue attached to greater curvature of stomach and covering anterior aspect of abdominal cavity
Term
Definition: lesser sac
Definition
region encolsed by greater omentum and posterior wall of stomach, has superior and inferior recesses
Term
Foramen of winslow
Definition
site of entrance into lesser sac
Term
Anterior wall of foramen of winslow
Definition
portal traid (portal vein, hepatic artery and common bile duct)
Term
Posterior wall of foramen of winslow
Definition
inferior vena cava and right crus of diaphragm
Term
Superior wall of foramen of winslow
Definition
caudate lobe of liver
Term
Inferior wall of foramen of winslow
Definition
duodenal bulb
Term
Pringle maneuver
Definition
compression of the hepatoduodenal ligament occludes both hepatic artery and portal vein limiting all blood flow into the liver
Term
Perforation of the gallbladder may lead to:
Definition
a right subphrenic or sub hepatic abscess
Term
Removal of the spleen can cause:
Definition
accumulation of blood in the left sub phrenic space
Term
Esophageal hiatus is at what level in diaghragm?
Definition
T10
Term
Innervation of esophagus
Definition

parasympathetic- vagus (stimulates peristalsis)

Sympathetic- celiac plexus (causes vasoconstriction of esophageal arteries and some decrease in muscular activity)

Afferent- upper thoracic sympathetic fibers

Term
Arteries that supply intrathoracic esophagus
Definition
small esophageal and bronchial arterial branches off of thoracic aorta
Term
Esophagogastric junction vasculature
Definition
branches of left gastric artery (a branch of the celiac axis) and inferior phrenic arteries which arise from the aorta
Term
Venous return of thoracic esophagus
Definition
azygous system
Term
Venous return of gastroesophageal junction
Definition
branches of left gastric (coronary vein) which is a tributary of portal venous system
Term
lymphatic drainage of lower segment of esophagus
Definition
Celiac axis lymph nodes
Term
lymphatic drainage of intrathoracic portion of esophagus
Definition
mediastinal nodes
Term
Definition: pyloric antrum
Definition
peristaltic waves in this segment propel food distally
Term
Definition: pylorus
Definition
narrowed division between stomach and duodenum, regulated by pyloric sphincter muscle
Term
regulates rate of emptying of stomach
Definition
pyloric channel
Term
Gastric blood supply
Definition

All branches of celiac trunk

L and R gastric arteries

L and R gastro-omental arteries

Short gastric arteries

Term
Right gastric artery is a branch of
Definition
hepatic artery
Term
Left gastro-omental artery branch of
Definition
splenic artery
Term
short gastric arteries are branches of
Definition
splenic artery
Term
Level of superior portion of duodenum
Definition
L1
Term
Level of 2nd (descending) portion of duodenum
Definition
rt side of L2-3
Term
Level of 3rd portion (horizontal) duodenum
Definition
L3-4
Term
Ascending duodenum passes to the _____ of aorta
Definition
left
Term
blood supply of duodenum and pancreas
Definition
prancreatico duodenal artery anterior and posterior branch off of gastroduodenal artery
Term
Exocrine function of pancreas
Definition
production of enzymes which lyse protein, CHO, nucleic acids, fats thereby assisting absorption in small bowel
Term
Endocrine function of pancreas
Definition
intravascular release of insulin and glucagon from Islets of Langerhands(not derived from endoderm) which regulates glucose metabolism
Term
Parasympathetic innervation of duodenum pancreas and spleen
Definition
vagal fibers, stimulates peristalsis, secretion
Term
Sympathetic innervation of duodenum, pancreas and spleen
Definition
fibers from celiac ganglia
Term
spleen develops in:
Definition
dorsal mesentery of stomach
Term
blood supply of spleen
Definition
splenic a from celiac axis
Term
Venous return from spleen via
Definition
splenic vein that drains into portal vein
Term
Functions of spleen
Definition

removes old or diseased RBCs, white cells, platelets

Site of origin of many antibody producing lymphocytes "B" cells

Large macrophage population filters bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses

Term
Coronary ligamnet attaches liver to:
Definition
diaphragm
Term
Divides medial segments of lf lobe from lateral segment
Definition
falciform ligament and round ligament (obliterated umbilical vein)
Term
Hepatoduodenal ligament contains:
Definition
portal triad- common bile duct, hepatic a, protal vein
Term
Dr. Alvin
Definition

Portal Triad

Duct Right

Artery Left

Vein Inferior

Term
Caudate lobe ____ to quadrate lobe
Definition
superior
Term
Hepatic veins drain directly into
Definition
IVC
Term
Blood supply of gallbladder
Definition
cystic artery, a branch of the rt hepatic artery
Term
Hepatopetal
Definition
flow toward liver
Term
Hepatofugal
Definition
flow away from liver
Term
Continental divide for foregut and midgut upper/lower GI bleeding
Definition
Ligament of Treitz
Term
root of the small intestinal mesentery passes _____ to the 3rd portion of the duodenum and left renal vein
Definition
anterior
Term
Small intestinal lymphatics merge into:
Definition
cysterna chyli
Term
Sympathetic innervation of small bowel
Definition

aortico-renal and superior mesenteric ganglia

preganglionic fibers mostly from lesser splanchnic nerve T9-T11

Term
Ileal diverticulu remnant of
Definition
embryonic omphalomesenteric duct conection of primordial gut to yolk sac
Term
Ileal diverticulum occurs where
Definition
2 feet proximal to ileocolonic junction (ileo-cecal valve)
Term
Smooth muscle tumors of jejunum or ileum
Definition
leiomyoma or lieomyosarcoma
Term
Tenia coli
Definition
longitudinal thickened bands of smooth muscle fibers present in the colona and not in small intestine
Term
Haustral folds
Definition
acculations of wall of colon interrupted by tenia, unllike concentric plicae ciculares of small intestine
Term
fatty appendages on colon surface
Definition
omental appendices
Term
Intraperitoneal parts of colon
Definition

cecum

transverse colon

sigmoid colon

Term
retroperitoneal parts of colon
Definition

ascending colon

Descending colon

rectum

Term
Ileocecal valve
Definition
flap-like opening between terminal ileum and cecum
Term
Cause of appendicitis
Definition
due to inflammation from a fecalith or lymphoid hyperplasia obstructing lumen
Term

Appendiceal neoplasia

-benign

Definition

- mucinous cystadenoma

 

Term
Blood supply for proximal 2/3 of colon
Definition
superior mesenteric via ileocolic, right colic and middle colic arteries
Term
Blood supply of distal 1/3 of colon
Definition
inferior mesenteric artery via left colic, sigmoidal and superior rectal arteries
Term
dual blood supply of colon from
Definition
marginal artery- anastomosis between SMA and IMA
Term
Venous return of colon
Definition
portal vein except distal rectum
Term
Parasympathetic input to descending, sigmoid and rectum
Definition
pelvic splanchnic nerves from sacral plexus
Term
Sympathetic innervation of upper colon
Definition
via superior mesenteric ganglion
Term
most commonly known colonic diverticuli
Definition
pseudo diverticuli- composed of only mucosa on the luminal side and serosa externally
Term
Kidneys rest on which muscles
Definition
psoas muscles
Term
Ureters' blood supply
Definition
renal, lumbar, iliac and vesical arteries
Term
Sympathetic innervation of kidneys and ureters
Definition
presynaptic fibers carried by lesser and least splanchnic nerves to celiac and aortico-renal ganglion
Term
Compliacations of nephrolithiasis
Definition
obstruction of the renal collecting system and ureter
Term
obstruction of the renal collecting system and ureter pain manifest as waves at:
Definition
the costovertebral angle, flank, or groin
Term
pyelonephritis
Definition
upper urinary tract infection
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