Term
| what are the borders of the abdomen? |
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Definition
xiphoid process /costal margin
pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
blue- ilium
yellew- pubis
red- ischium |
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Term
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Definition
red- iliac crest
yellow- Anterior superior iliac spine- ASIS
Blue- pubic tubercles
green- pubic symphysis
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Term
| location of umbillicaus in fit person |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| through L1 passes through pylorus of stomach, and othe importnat organs |
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Term
| layers in abdomen from skin in |
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Definition
camper fascia- fatty layer
scarpa fascia
superficial fascia
external oblique m
intermediate fascia
internal oblique
deep fascia
transverse abdominus
transaversalis fascia
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Term
| what keeps infection of the stomach from leg? |
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Definition
| scarpa fascia of abdomen connect to pubis synthesis, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament, then continues to fasica of leg. Creats a barrior between leg and abdomen |
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Term
| functions of abdominal muscles-4 |
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Definition
- maintain posture and control movement of torso
- protect abdominal organs
- active durring forced expiration
- decease volume of abdominal cavity-> increasing pressure for defecation, micturition (urination), and paturition
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Term
| three main layers of muscle in abdomen |
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Definition
external oblique and aponeurosis
interal oblique and aponeurosis
transverse abdominus and aponerosis |
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Term
| describe the rectus abdominus |
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Definition
on either side of abdomen
interupted by tendonous intersections |
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Term
| describe the rectus sheath |
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Definition
formed by aponeurosises of external and internal obliques, and transverse abdominus |
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Term
what is the name of the line where the rectus abdominus sheets meet at midline?
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
arculate line
superior- aponeurosis of internal oblique splits to enclose rectus abdominus
inferior- all 3 aponeurosis pass anterior to rectus abdominus, only transversalis fascia |
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Term
| layers of the scrotum superficial to deep |
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Definition
skin
dartos fascia
dartos muscle
external spermatic fascia
cremaster muscle/ fascia
internal spermatic fascia
tunica vaginalis partietal/visceral
permatic cord, testes, and epididymis |
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Term
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Definition
| fat smooth muscle and round ligament of uterus |
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Term
| what is the dermatome at the umbilicus? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the dermatome at the superior part of the abdomen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the dermatome at the lower part of the abdomen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What woudl happen if you lost one nerve to the body wall? |
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Definition
The nerves innervate a segement of the muscle not the entire muscle, so the muscle would generally work
but the paralyzed portion coudl create a weakened area and lead to a hernia |
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Term
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Definition
green- superior epigastic
yellow- posterior intercostal, subcostal
blue- inferior epigastric
pink-superficial epigastric
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Term
| where does superior epigastic branch from? |
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Definition
| internal thoracic arteries |
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Term
| where does the inferior epigastic artery branch from? |
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Definition
external iliac arteries
also connects with superior epigastic arteries within rectus sheath |
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Term
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Definition
| connects in veins means that the blood can go wither way if there is a blockage |
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Term
| where does the superficial epigastric artery branch from? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
blue- superior epigastric vein
green- inferior epigastric vein |
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Term
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Definition
| if blood flowing through IVC is blocked, blood in the inferior epigastric vein can be shunted to superior epigastric then to SVC |
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Term
what is the portal system?
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Definition
| blood flow through the liver |
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Term
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Definition
| if blood flow through portal system is blocked blood in the paraumbilical veins can be shunted to superficial epigastric veins. Veins radiating from umbilicus dialate creating caput medusae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Caput Medusae from portal caval anastomosis
aka paraumbilical and superificial eipgastric |
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Term
| where does lymph from superior part of abdomen drain? |
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Definition
| axillary lymph node, in arm pit |
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Term
| where does lymph from inferior abdomen drain? |
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Definition
| superficial inguinal lymph nodes |
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Term
| Where is inguinal ligament? |
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Definition
| between pubic tubercle and ASIS |
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Term
| What is the inferior part of the external oblique aponeurosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| where do structures enter inguinal canal |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the deep ring located? |
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Definition
| superior to midpoint of inguinal ligament and lateral to inferior epigastic vessels |
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Term
| where do structures leave the the inguinal canal? |
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Definition
| superficial inguinal ring |
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Term
| what si the slit like opening in the oblique aponeurosis |
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Definition
| superficial inguinal ring |
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Term
| what connect the testes to the scrotum durring development? |
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Definition
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Term
| describe how the testes descend |
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Definition
| while developing the testes are connecte to the gubernaculum, and as the fetus grown the gubernaculum doesn't so the testes and associated arteries veins nerves, ductus deferens and lymph are pulled through the inuginal canal to the testes. As they go through the canal they bring fascial coverign to the scrotum |
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Term
| what did the external spermatic fascia develop from? |
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Definition
| external oblique aponeruosis |
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Term
| what did the cremaster muscle and fascia develop from? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the cremaster muscle do? |
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Definition
| when contracts testes are raised |
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Term
| what is the internal spermatic fascia developed from? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the gublernaculum connected to in females |
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Definition
| the ovaries, uterus and the labia major |
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Term
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Definition
| T- just not as far as males |
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Term
| adult derivitives of gubernaculum in females? (2) |
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Definition
- ovarian ligament between ovaries and uterus
- round ligament of the uterus- between uterus and labia major
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Term
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Definition
enter deep inguinal ring lateral to inferior epigastric vessels and traverses inguinal canal may become covered in fascia
may ener scrotum or labia majus |
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Term
| congenital hernia is another term for? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
from inguinal triangle,
mass pushes through peritoneum and transversalis fascia medial to inferior epigastric vessels
rarely enter scrotum
not covered by fascia |
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Term
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Definition
area of weakness bounded by rectus abdominus
inferior epigastric vessels
inguinal ligament |
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Term
| acquired inguinal hernia is another term for? |
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Definition
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Term
| ways to tell difference between direct and indirect hernias |
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Definition
if in scrotum is it covered is fascia?
does it enter medial or lateral to inferior epigastric vessels?
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