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abdominal contents II
abdominal contents II
43
Anatomy
Graduate
09/17/2009

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Cards

Term
What are the organs derived from the midgut?
Definition
horizontal duodenum, ascending duodenum, jejunum, ilium ascending colon, first 2/3 of transverse colon, appendix, and cecum
Term
What arteries supply the organs derived from the midgut?
Definition
Superior mesenteric arteries
Term
what is the venous drainage of organs formed from the midgut?
Definition
Superior mesenteric veins
Term
what is the lymph system for the organs derived from the midgut?
Definition
superior mesenteric lymph nodes
Term
what organs are derived from the hindgut?
Definition
distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoidal colon, rectum
Term
what is the blood supply to the organs derived from the hind gut?
Definition
Inferior mesenteric arteries
Term
what is the venous drainage from the organs derived from the hind gut?
Definition
inferior mesenteric veins
Term
what is the lymph system for the organs derived from the hind gut?
Definition
inferior mesenteric lymph nodes
Term
What is the blood supply to the descending duodenum?
Definition
celiac arteries- is it derives from the foregut
Term
what is the blood supply to the horizontal duodenum?
Definition
superior mesenteric arteries, which originate just superior to it
Term
where do the superior mesenteric vessels emerge?
Definition
superior to the horizontal duodenum, at L1, behind pancreas
Term
[image]
Definition

purple is ascenting duodenum

arrow at duodenojejunal junction, a where small intestin flexes to go from secondarily retroperitoneal to intraperitoneal as the jejunum 

Term
[image]
Definition
suspensory muscle of the duodenum, thethers duodenojeunal flexure to the diaphragm
Term
in what quandrant(s) are the jejunum and ileum?
Definition
all 4
Term
what are the differences between the jejunum and ileum? 3
Definition
  1. jejunum has many plicae circulares ileum only a few
  2. ileum has lymphoid nedules
  3. jejunum has fewer arcades and long straight arteries while ileum has more arcades and short straight arteries
Term
what is the transition point from small intesting to large and in what quadrant(s) does it lie?
Definition
ileocecal junction in lower right quadrant
Term
what is the ileal diverticulum?
Definition
remnant of yolk stalk between ileum and umbilicus can present like apendicitis
Term
[image]
Definition

green- teniae coli- longitudinal band of smooth muscle

blue- haustra-pouches 

white- omental apendicies- fat attached

yellow- ileocecal valve

Term
where is the appendix attached?
Definition

to the base of the cecum

mesoapendix attaches it to mesenteries

Term
superficially how can you locate where the appendix should be?
Definition
McBurney's point 1/3 of the way between ASIS and umbilicus is the normal location for the appendix
Term
in what quadrant(s) is the ascending colon?
Definition
right lower and right upper
Term
what is lateral to the ascending colon?>
Definition
right paracolic gutter
Term
[image]
Definition

green- right colic (hepatic) flexure

yellow- left colic (splenic) flexure

Term
what attaches the transverse colon to the body wall?
Definition
transverse mesocolon- it is intraperitoneal
Term
in what quadrant(s) is the descending colon?
Definition
left upper and left lower
Term
what is lateral to the descending colon?
Definition
left paracolic gutter
Term
what is the medical relevance of the paracolic gutters?
Definition
connected to the intrperitoneal cavity and thus allow infection to spead quickly through the abdominal cavity
Term
what part of the colon is in the left lower quadrant?
Definition
part of the descending colon and the sigmoidal colon 
Term
where does the SMA branch from the abdominal aorta?
Definition
L1, behind pancreas and crosses horizontal part of duodenum
Term
describe the arterial blood flow to the horizontal duodenum
Definition
anterior and posterior inferior pancraticduodenal arteries of the SMA anastomose with the A&P superior pancreaticdudoenal arteries of the celiac
Term
where do the SMA and IMA anastomose?
Definition
in the marginal artery which parallels the colon, tributaries are the colic arteries
Term
[image]
Definition
colic arteries from SMA and IMA anastomose to make marginal artery in green
Term
[image]
Definition

green- middle colic

blue- right colic

yellow- ileocolic

purple- apendicular

Term
[image]
Definition

green- left colic

blue-sigmoid- up to 4 branches

yellow- superior rectal

Term
[image]
Definition

pink- portal vein

blue- superior mesenteric vein

yellowe- splenic vein

green- Inferior mesenteric vein

Term
where does lymph from the ileum drain?
Definition
to superior mesenteric lymph nodes the to the chyle cistern
Term
where does lymph from the descending colong drain to?
Definition
to inferior mesenteric lymph nodes then to superior mesenteric or aortic lymph nodes
Term
map the route of parasympathetic innervation of the jejunum
Definition

preganglionic cell bodies in brain

preganglionic cell fibers- vagus nerve

post ganglionic cell bodies and fiber in walls of organ

Term
map the route of parasympathtic innervation of the sigmoidal colon
Definition

preganglionic cell bodies S2-S4

preganglionic fiber- pelvic splanchnic nerve

post ganglionic bodies an fibers- wall of organ

Term
map route of sympathetic innervation of the rectum
Definition

preganglionic cell bodies lateral horn of lumbar spin

preganglionic fiber- ventral root- spinal nerve-white ramus comunicans- sympathetic trunk-lumbar spanchnic nerve

postganglionic cell bodies- inferior mesenteric gangleion

postganglionic fibers- follow arterial branches to organ

Term
map rout of sympathetic innervation to appendix
Definition

preganglionic cell bodies: lateral horn of thoracic spinal cord

preganglionic fiber: ventral root- spinal nervel- white ramus comunicans- sympathetic trunk- thoracic splanchnic nerves

postganglion bodies: celiac or SM ganglia

postganglionic fibers: follow arterial branches to organ

Term
how is pain felt in the abdomen
Definition
follows sympathetic pathway back to spinal cord
Term
how is appendicitis felt at very beginning?
Definition

diffuse pain at umbilicus from T10 dermatome

as parietal peritoneum becomes involves somatic innervation localizes pain

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