Term
| What are the boundaries of the abdomen? |
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Definition
| Diaphragm, pelvic brim (lateral bones and ligaments, posterior vertebrae and their surrounding musculature |
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Term
| What are the planes that form the 9 regions of the abodmen? |
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Definition
| subcostal plane (through 10th costal cartilage), transtubercular plane (across iliac tubercles and 5th lumbar vertebra), midclavicular planes. |
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Term
| What are the names for the regions of the abdomen? |
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Definition
| hypochondriacs surrounding epigastric, lumbars surrounding umbilical, inguinals surrounding hypogastric |
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Term
| in which compartment can infections spread in females into the perineum? |
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Definition
| the superficial fatty fascia (continuous with labia majora) |
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Term
| which abominal wall layers is the rectus abdominus found in? |
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Definition
| in the aponeuroses of the EAO, IAO, and TA. |
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Term
| What are the names of the segmental nerves in the abdomen? |
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Definition
| Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-11), subcostal nerve (T12), branches of 1st lumbars(iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal) |
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Term
| what are the names of the segmental arteries of the abdominal wall? |
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Definition
| intercostals (from posterior intercostals), subcostals, lumbars |
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Term
| what are the names of the nonsegmental abdominal wall arteries? |
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Definition
| deep circumflex iliac arteries, superior and inferior epigastric arteries |
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Term
| the _________ , which is a remnant of the ________lies underneath the median umbilical fold |
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Definition
1) median umbilical ligament
2) urachus |
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Term
| the ___________, which are remnants of____________, are under the medial umbilical folds |
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Definition
| medial umbilical ligaments, umbilical arteries (distal segments) |
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Term
| in which inguinal fossa is hesselbach's triangle? |
|
Definition
| the medial inguinal fossa |
|
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Term
| on what bony prominence does the common tendon of the iliopsoas insert? |
|
Definition
| the lesser trochanter of the femur |
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Term
| which muscle does the anterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia cover? |
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Definition
| Quadratus lumborum - the psoas/iliacus have their own fascia |
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Term
| which veins of the anterior abdomen wall are unpaired to an artery? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| which veins to the periumbilical veins link? |
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Definition
| hepatic portal vein, inferior epigastric ein, superior epigastric vein |
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Term
|
Definition
| physiologic defect in midgut retraction; abdominal contents found in umbilical cord |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| linear defect in anterior abdominal wall - not midline. No umbilicus involvement. |
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Term
| subdivisions of supracolic compartment: |
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Definition
| subphrenic (w/ L+R surrounding falciform), subhepatic,hepatorenal recess (connected to subhepatic) |
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Term
| which paracolic gutter has better communication with the supracolic compartment? |
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Definition
| The right gutter - no spleen to block! |
|
|
Term
| what are the subdivisions of the greater omentum? |
|
Definition
| Gastrocolic, gastrophrenic, gastrosplenic, splenorenal |
|
|
Term
| in which ligament is the hepatic portal triad located? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| describe the suprarenal and testicular/ovarian veins |
|
Definition
L. suprarenal and gonadal vv. - tributaries of renal v.
R. "" - tributaries of IVC |
|
|
Term
| why does the splenic vein contribute to the portal system? |
|
Definition
| RBC degradation is transported to the liver for processing |
|
|
Term
| why does the splenic vein contribute to the portal system? |
|
Definition
| RBC degradation is transported to the liver for processing |
|
|
Term
| what do the anterior and posterior vagal trunks supply? |
|
Definition
| a - foregut p- foregut and midgut |
|
|
Term
| which autonomics arise from L3-S1? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Where is the pain line, and what is its significance? |
|
Definition
-Mid-sigmoid colon
-proximal - pain goes with sympathetics
-distal - pain goes with parasymps. |
|
|
Term
| where do splanchnic nn synapse? |
|
Definition
greater - celiac (some Sup. mesentary and aorticorenal) lesser, least - sup. mesentery, aorticorenal least
lumbar, pelvic - inf. mesenteric |
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|
Term
| what is the name of the proximal opening of the stomach? |
|
Definition
| the esophagogastric junction/ cardiac orifice |
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|
Term
| what holds the esophagus into the diaphragm? |
|
Definition
| The phrenicoesophageal ligaments |
|
|
Term
| which type of hiatal hernias allow for regurgitation of stomach contents? |
|
Definition
| Sliding hiatal (not paraesophageal) |
|
|
Term
| where does early stomach pain localize to? |
|
Definition
| Epigastric/L.hypochondriac or interscapular |
|
|
Term
| where is the spleen located in terms of the abdominal wall? |
|
Definition
| It is adjacent to ribs 8-11 |
|
|
Term
| in which omentum/ligament are the short gastrics and gastroepiploic vessels located? |
|
Definition
| The gastrosplenic ligament of greater omentum |
|
|
Term
| what anatomic structure is found within the splenorenal ligament? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the correlations of a ruptured duodenum? |
|
Definition
| RLQ pain and/or R. shoulder pain |
|
|
Term
| what is the relationship of the pancreas to the lesser sac? |
|
Definition
| The pancreas is deep to the lesser sac |
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|
Term
| which trunk of the vagus has a greater contribution to the midgut paramsympathetics? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the lines that separate the R. and L. functional lobes of the liver? |
|
Definition
| Cantile line (fundus of gb to IVC) and sagittal fissure (gb fossa and ivc fossa - R. side of "H") |
|
|
Term
| What is the sphincter of the duodenopancreatic ampulla? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the intersection of the first 2 parts of the INTESTINE called? |
|
Definition
| the duodenojejunal flexure |
|
|
Term
| what is the main site of vitamin b12 and bile salt absorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the point that is located over the appendix? |
|
Definition
| McBurney's point - 1/3 of the way from ASIS to umbilicus? |
|
|
Term
| what is the phrenicocolic ligament? |
|
Definition
| It attaches the splenic flexure of the colon to the L. hemidiaphragm |
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|
Term
| Describe the distribution of the parasympathetic fibers to the gut tube |
|
Definition
| Foregut: Anterior and posterior Midgut: duodenum: anterior jejunum/ileum (midgut): none large intestine (midgut): posterior Hindgut: pelvic splanchnics (from superior hypogastric plexus) |
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|
Term
| How many arterial branchs to suprarenal gland? Where do they originate? |
|
Definition
Superior - inferior phrenic
Middle - Aorta
Inferior - renal a. |
|
|
Term
| What are the courses of the suprarenal veins? |
|
Definition
| The left drains to renal v., the right to IVC |
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|
Term
| what is the parasympathetic supply to the adrenal gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ganglion does the adrenal gland receive sympathetic innervation from? |
|
Definition
| The celiac ganglion and aorticorenal ganglia - however, medulla fibers do not synapse in the ganglia! |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the fetal kidney that remains throughout adulthood? What rotation occurs? |
|
Definition
1) metanephroi
2) 90 degrees internal |
|
|
Term
| what is the sympathetic innervation of the kidney? |
|
Definition
| The lesser and least splanchnics -> aorticorenal ganglia |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 constrictions of the ureters? |
|
Definition
uretopelvic junction
passage over common iliac bifurcation
ureterovesical junction |
|
|
Term
| what is the arterial supply of the urinary bladder? |
|
Definition
Males: 2 vesicular branches of umbilical artery
Females: 1 "" and 1 branch of vaginal |
|
|
Term
| What is the parasympathetic innervation to the ileum? |
|
Definition
| There is not much parasympathetic innervation to ileum, jejunum! |
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