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A&P TEST 2
Ch. 3-9 for test on 10/20/16
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/19/2016

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Two main parts of cell cycle
Definition
interphase and Mphase
Term
most of cell’s lifetime is spent.. 
Definition
in nondividing state
Term
3 stages of somatic cell division
Definition

DNA replication, mitosis (divides genetic material equally) , cytokinesis (divides   cytoplasm & orgnanelles)

Term
2 enzymes for DNA Replication
Definition
helicases (unwind dna strands) and dna polymerase
Term
4 Parts of Interphase
Definition

g-zero phase: specialized cell functions

            - g1 phase: cell growth, duplication, protein synthesis
            - s phase: dna replication and histone synthesis
            - g2 phase: finishes protein synthesis and centriole replication

Term
define Cytokinesis
Definition
of cytoplasm, cleavage furrow around metaphase plate
Term
Slower mitotic rate = ???
Definition
longer cell life
Term
stem cells maintain cell population by ??
Definition
rapidly dividing
Term
cells specialize or also known as 
Definition
differentiate
Term
White fat vs Brown fat
Definition
- white: stores fat, absorbs shocks, slows heat loss
            - brown fat: adipocytes of brown have many mitochondria, found in infants to increase heat quickly 
Term
Two major parts of integumentary system
Definition

cutaneous membrane ( dermis & epidermis)

accessory structures (nails, hair, etc)

Term
Characteristics of Epidermis
Definition
stratified squamous, avascular, cells present, stratum layers, dead cells
Term
Two layers of dermis:
Definition
papillary layer (areoloar tissue) and reticular layer (irregular connective tissue)
Term
Define Dermatitis
Definition
inflammation of skin, involving papillary layer
Term
hair color color is determined by
Definition
melanocytes
Term
What causes white hair?
Definition
lack of hair pigment and air bubbles in medulla
Term
define seborrheic dermatitis
Definition
inflammation around abnormally active sebaceous glands
Term
Insensible Vs. Sensible perspiration
Definition
- insensible: fluid loss through epidermis by evaportation
            - sensible: fluid loss by sweating
Term
Apocrine vs merocrine sweat glands
Definition

- Apocrine sweat glands: secrets product into hair follicles, nutrient source for bacteria.

- Merocrine sweat glands: main source of perspiration

Term
Two sources for skin color
Definition
- epidermal pigmentation (two pigments are carotene and melanin)
            - dermal circulation: color contribution from hemoglobin
Term
What causes skin red/pink skin tone color?
Definition
oxygenation
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