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A&P Lab pgs44-45
thigh, trunk, head, and neck muscles
18
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/30/2012

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Term
adductor femoris (magnus)
Definition
large triangular muscle adjacent to and in front of the semimembranosus
Movement: adducts the thigh
Term
adductor longus
Definition
small muscle adjacent to and in front of the adductor femoris
Movement: adducts the thigh and assists in protracting the leg at the hip joint
Term
pectineus
Definition
very tiny muscle adjacent to and in front of the adductor longus
Movement: adducts the thigh and assists in protracting the leg at the hip joint
Term
gastrocnemius
Definition
large muscle making up the majority of the calf of the leg--the Achilles tendon continues from this muscle to the insert on the heel bone
Movement: extends the foot at the ankle joint
Term
tibialis anterior (tibialis cranialis)
Definition
anterior muscle adjacent to the tibia on the medial aspect of it
Movement: dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
Term
external intercostals
Definition
muscle units which pass from one rib in the caudoventral direction to the next rib behind it; do not extend all the way to the midventral line
Movement: draw ribs cranially during inspiration (breathing)
Term
internal intercostals
Definition
muscle units beneath the external intercostals whose fibers run in the opposite direction of those of the external intercostals
Movement: Draw ribs caudally during expiration (breathing)
Term
transversus costarum (transversus thoracis)
Definition
a short, thin muscle running from the middle of the sternum across the cranial end of the rectus abdominus to the first rib
Movement: helps pull ribs caudally during expiration
Term
scalenus
Definition
actually 3 muscles which originate from ribs and run to cervical vertebrae; found dorsal to the transversus costarum
Movement: move ribs cranially during inspiration; flex and rotate neck
Term
serratus dorsalis (posterior)
Definition
short, thin muscle slips which are dorsally located and underneath the latissimus dorsi; they originate from the lumbodorsal fascia adn run to the dorsal parts of the ribs
Movement: most of these slips are involved in lowerin the ribs during the breathing process
Term
sternohyoid
Definition
thin muscle that covers the windpipe area, which runs from the sternum to the hyoid bone
Movement: pull the hyoid bone caudally when it contracts
Term
sternothyroid
Definition
muscle lateral and dorsal to the sternohyoid which begins from the sternum and runs to the part of the voicebox known as the thyroid cartilege or Adam's apple
Movement: pulls the thyroid cartilege caudally
Term
thyrohyoid
Definition
short muscle which begins on the thyroid cartilege and inserts on the hyoid bone
Movement: raises the thyroid and depresses the hyoid
Term
digastrics
Definition
muscle seen along the ventral border of the lower jaw
Movement: major muscle which opens/depresses jaw
Term
mylohyoid
Definition
thin sheet of muscle which runs between and deep to the 2 digastrics
Movement: elevates the floor of the mouth cavity and elevates the hyoid bone
Term
geniohyoid
Definition
muscle seen when the mylohyoid is reflected on either side of the midventral line; runs from the front of the lower jaw to the hyoid bone
Movement: pulls the hyoid bone in an anterior direction
Term
masseter
Definition
large, powerful muscle lying below the zygomatic arch and behind and below the eyes
Movement: elevating or closing the mandible
Term
temporalis
Definition
muscle lying above the zygomatic arch against the cranium just posterior to the eye
Movement: elevates the mandible
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