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A&P Lab pgs33-37
Pectoral and Pelvic Appendages
73
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
11/02/2012

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Term
pectoral appendage
Definition
bones of the arm
Term
compact bone
Definition
bone with no visible spaces upon gross examination
Term
spongy bone
Definition
bone which looks porous upon gross examination. The thin strands of bone within spongy bone are called trabeculae
Term
medullary cavity
Definition
large hollow cavity in long bones which is occupied by red marrow in infants and yellow marrow in adults
Term
nutrient foramina
Definition
small holes at the ends of bones for the passage of vessels into and cut of the bone
Term
epiphysis
Definition
the ends of the long bone
Term
diaphysis
Definition
the shaft of the long bone
Term
humerus
Definition
bone of the upper arm or brachium
Term
head of humerus
Definition
smooth enlargement at the proximal end of the humerus; articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula
Term
shaft or body of humerus
Definition
long portion of the humerus
Term
lesser tubercle
Definition
small, but prominent bump near the head of the humerus
Term
greater tubercle
Definition
large, less well-defined bump also near the head of the humerus
Term
intertubercular groove
Definition
groove between tubercules of the humerous
Term
medial epicondyle
Definition
large, rough projection at the distal end of the humerus
Term
lateral epicondyle
Definition
smaller, rough projection at the distal end of the humerus
Term
capitulum
Definition
smooth, rounded knob below lateral epicondyle; for articulation with the radius
Term
trochlea
Definition
smooth, rounded pully-shaped portion medial to the capitulum; for articulation with the ulna
Term
olecranon fossa
Definition
depression on posterior surface above the trochlea; receives olecranon process of ulna bone when lower arm extends
Term
coronoid fossa
Definition
depression on anterior aspect of the humerus
Term
radius
Definition
one of the bones of the forearm or antebrachium; easily identified by rounded head structure on the proximal aspect of the bone
Term
head of radius
Definition
disc-like upper end of radius which articulates with the capitulum of teh humerus
Term
neck of radius
Definition
constricted part of radius just below the head
Term
radial tuberosity
Definition
small protrusion below the neck of the radius; point where biceps tendon would attach
Term
styloid process of radius
Definition
large bony prominence at distal end of the radius where it articulates with the carpals of the wrist
Term
ulna
Definition
one of the bones of the forearm or antebrachium; easily identified by the notch that articulates with the humerus to form the hinge joint of the elbow
Term
olecranon process
Definition
forms the elbow or crazy bone (funny bone); this is at the proximal end of the ulna
Term
trochlear notch
Definition
indentation which articulates with the trochlea of the humerus
Term
coronoid process
Definition
just below the olecranon process
Term
radial notch
Definition
indentation below and to the side of the coronoid process; articulates with part of the head of the radius
Term
styloid process of ulna
Definition
sharp protuberance at the distal end of the ulna
Term
head of ulna
Definition
located at the distal end of the ulna adjacent to styloid process; smooth
Term
carpals
Definition
irregularly shaped bones that make up the bulk of the wrist; there are 2 rows of 4 bones each, which makes a total of 8 bones
Term
lunate
Definition
articulates with the radius at the wrist joint
Term
scaphoid (navicular)
Definition
articulates with the radius at the wrist joint
Term
hamate
Definition
easily identified by its prominent hook; articulates with metacarpals IV and V (metacarpals that articulate with the ring and little fingers)
Term
capitate
Definition
articulates with metacarpal III (metacarpal that articulates with the middle finger)
Term
trapezoid
Definition
articulates with metacarpal II (metacarpal that articulates with the index finger)
Term
trapezium
Definition
articulates with the metacarpal of the thumb
Term
pisiform
Definition
on the little finger side adjacent to the lunate; is found on the top of the next bone
Term
triquetrum (triangular)
Definition
found underneath the pisiform; articulates with the ulna
Term
metacarpals of the hand
Definition
the bones which occupy the palm of the hand; metacarpal number 1 is on the thumb side and metacarpal 5 is on the little finger side
Term
phalanges
Definition
the bones of the fingers and thumb; each finger contains 3: proximal, middle, and distal; the thumb only has 2: proximal and distal
Term
pelvic appendage
Definition
consists of the bones of the leg, ankle, and foot
Term
femur
Definition
bone of the thigh; longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body
Term
fovea capitis
Definition
depression on head for attachment of ligament
Term
neck of femur
Definition
constricted portion just below the head of the femur; often the site of fracture
Term
greater trochanter
Definition
large proturbance found inferiorly and lateral to the head of the femur
Term
lesser trochanter
Definition
small proturbance found inferiorly and medial to the greater trochanter
Term
lateral condyle of the femur
Definition
smooth, rounded bulge at distal end of femur in the lateral aspect of the bone
Term
medial condyle of the femur
Definition
smooth, rounded bulge a the distal end of the femur on the medial aspect of the bone
Term
intercondyloid fossa or notch
Definition
deep depression between the two condyles on the posterior aspect of the femur
Term
shaft or body of femur
Definition
long portion of the bone between the 2 ends of the femur
Term
patella
Definition
commonly known as the kneecap; it forms in one of the major tendons of the body (the patellar tendon) the kneecap covers the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia on the anterior aspect of the pelvic appendages
Term
dorsal surface of patella
Definition
surface of patella adjacent to femur and tibia
Term
vental surface of patella
Definition
surface of patella that is not adjacent to any bones
Term
tibia
Definition
shin bone; large bone in the shank of the leg
Term
lateral condyle of the tibia
Definition
lateral bulge at proximal end of tibia; would articulate with the lateral condyle of the femur
Term
medial condyle of the tibia
Definition
medial bulge at the proximal end of the tibia; would articulate with the medial condyle of the femur
Term
intercondylar eminence
Definition
upward projection on articular surface between tibial condyles
Term
tibial tuberosity
Definition
projection in midline on anterior surface of tibia
Term
medial malleolus
Definition
rounded downward projection at distal end of tibia; forms prominence on inner surface of the ankle
Term
articular surface for talus
Definition
smooth surface at the distal end of the tibia
Term
fibula
Definition
slender bone in the shank of the leg
Term
head of fibula
Definition
region at proximal end of the fibula
Term
lateral malleolus
Definition
rounded prominence at distal end of fibula; forms the conspicuous lateral bulge on lateral aspect of ankle
Term
tarsals
Definition
the irregularly shaped bones which comprise the ankle; there are 7 per ankle
Term
calcaneus
Definition
largest tarsal; bone of the heel
Term
talus (astragalus)
Definition
this bone articulates with the tibia and bears most of the body weight when standing; sits above the calcaneus
Term
navicular (scaphoid)
Definition
bone that is directly in front of the talus and medial to the cuboid
Term
cuboid
Definition
bone that is directly in front of the calcaneus and lateral to the navicular. articulates with the 4th and 5th metatarsals
Term
cuneiform bones (medial, intermediate, and lateral)
Definition
small bones directly in front of the navicular; the medial articulates with the 3rd metatarsal, the intermediate with the 2nd metatarsal, the lateral with the 1st metatarsal
Term
metatarsals
Definition
bones which occupy the arch of the foot; metatarsal #1 is on the big toe side, and metatarsal number 5 is on the little toe side
Term
phalanges of the foot
Definition
the bones of the toes; each toe contains 3: proximal, middle, and distal; the big toe only has 2: proximal and distal
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