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A&P Exam 1
Directional terms/tissues/skin
89
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
09/05/2015

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Cards

Term
The lips are ____ to the chin
Definition
Superior
Term
The elbow is ____ to the wrist
Definition
Proximal
Term
The eyes are _____ to the bridge of the nose
Definition
Lateral
Term
The umbilicus is ____ to the sternum
Definition
Inferior
Term
The fingers are ____ to the wrist
Definition
Distal
Term
The little finger is ___ to the thumb
Definition
Medial
Term
The mouth is ___ to the nose
Definition
Inferior
Term
The shoulder is ___ to the elbow
Definition
Proximal
Term
The spine is ___ to the sternum
Definition
Posterior/Dorsal
Term
The ankle is ____ to the knee
Definition
Distal
Term
The heart is ___ to the spine
Definition
Anterior/Ventral
Term
The pelvis is ___ to the abdomen
Definition
Inferior
Term
The shoulder is ___ ___ to the sternum
Definition
Superior lateral
Term
The umbilicus is ___ ___ to the hip
Definition
Superior medial
Term
The chin is ___ ___ to the eyes
Definition
Inferior medial
Term
The index finger is ___ __ to the lateral epicondyle of the humerous
Definition
Distal medial
Term
The breast is __ __ to the sternum
Definition
Anterior lateral
Term
The spine is __ __ to the kidneys
Definition
Posterior medial
Term
The umbilicus is ___ ___ to the kidneys
Definition
Anterior medial
Term
The dermis is ___ to the epidermis
Definition
Deep
Term
Subcutaneous adipose is ___ to the ribs
Definition
Superficial
Term
The bridge fo the nose is ___ to the eyes
Definition
Medial
Term
The clavicle is ___ to the scapula
Definition
Anterior
Term
The ears are ___ to the eyes
Definition
Laterial
Term
The nose is ___ to the mouth
Definition
Superior
Term
The midclavicular line is ____ to the anterior axillary line
Definition
Medial
Term
The olecranon is ___ to the antecubital fossae
Definition
Posterior
Term
The hip is ___ to the knee
Definition
Proximal
Term
The esophogus is __ to the heart
Definition
Posterior
Term
The patella is the most ___ part of the knee
Definition
Anterior
Term
The big toe is __ to the little toe
Definition
Medial
Term
The extensor part of the hand is ___ to the palm of the hand
Definition
Posterior
Term
The pubis is ___ to the umbilicus
Definition
Inferior
Term
The palm is __ to the metacarpals
Definition
Anterior
Term
A lesion on the forearm is ___ to the elbow.
Definition
Distal
Term
A plane that is parallel to the long axis and cuts the body into right and left halves is a ____
Definition
Sagittal Plane
Term
A plane that is perpendicular to the long axis is___
Definition
Tranverse plane or cross-section
Term
A plane that is parallel to the long axis and divides the body into anterior and posterior halves is a ___ ___ plane
Definition
Frontal or Coronal Plane
Term
A transverse cut that divides the body into a ___ and ___ section
Definition
Inferior and superior
Term
A midsaggital plane runs down the ___
Definition
midline
Term
A frontal plane divides the body into ___ and ___ section
Definition
Anterior/poster or Front/Back
Term
Any saggital cut that is not midline is a ___ ___
Definition
Parasaggital section
Term
The two major body cavities are the ___ and ____ body cavities
Definition
Dorsal and Ventral
Term
The dorsal cavity is made up of the ____ and ___ cavities
Definition
Cranial and Spinal
Term
The ventral body cavity contains the ___ and __ body cavities
Definition
Thoracic and abdominopelvic
Term
The ____ in the thoracic cavity contains the heart,esophogus, trachea, thymus, and great vessels
Definition
Mediastinum
Term
The organs are enclosed by ____ membranes that lubricate and prevent friction
Definition
Serous
Term
The serous membrane that is attached to the organ is the ___ layer
Definition
Visceral
Term
The serous membrane layer attached to the body wall is the ___ layer
Definition
Parietal
Term
The serous membrane for the heart is the ___
Definition
Pericardium
Term
The serous membrane for the lungs is ___
Definition
Pleura
Term
The serous membrane for the digestive organs are ___
Definition
Peritoneum
Term
What is flexion?
Definition
When you decrease the angle of articulating elements
Term
What is extension?
Definition
When you increase the angle of articulation elements
Term
What is dorsiflexion?
Definition
When you point your toes toward the nose
Term
Plantar flexion
Definition
Extension of the ankle when standing on tip-toes.
Term
What is abduction
Definition
Movement away from the longitudal axis of the body
Term
What is adduction
Definition
Movement toward the longitudal axis of the body
Term
What is circumduction?
Definition
A combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
Term
What is rotation?
Definition
A turning movement of a bone around its own long axis
Term
What is supination?
Definition
Movement of the radius around the ulna so that the palm is facing up
Term
What is pronation?
Definition
Movement of the radius around the ulna so that the palm is facing down.
Term
What is elevation?
Definition
Lifting/moving superiorly along a frontal plane
Term
What is depression?
Definition
Dropping/moving inferiorly along a frontal plane
Term
What is protraction?
Definition
Anterior movement of a body part such as a projection forward
Term
What is retraction?
Definition
Posterior movement of a body part
Term
What is excursion?
Definition
Side to side movement
Term
What is opposition?
Definition
Unique movement where the thumb can touch all other fingers. Only humans can do this.
Term
What is inversion?
Definition
Turning the foot so that the plantar surface faces medially
Term
What is eversion?
Definition
Turning the foot so that the plantar surface faces laterally
Term
What are the four types of tissue?
Definition
Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, and Muscle.
Term
Where is epithelial tissue found?
Definition
Covers the body surface and lines cavities
Term
What are the special charachteristics of epithelial tissue?
Definition
Cellularity, Specialized contacts, Polarity, Connective Tissue Support, Avascular, Regeneration.
Term
Cellularity
Definition
Composed mostly of cells with little extracellular material
Term
Specialized Contacts
Definition
Tight junctions and desmosomes
Term
Connective Tissue Support
Definition
Basement Membrane
Term
Avascular
Definition
No blood supply
Term
Regeneration
Definition
Self replacement
Term
What are the 6 classifications of epithelial tissue?
Definition
Simple, Stratified, Squamos, Cuboidal, Transitional, and Columnar
Term
What is the difference between simple and stratified epithelium?
Definition
Simple only has one layer of cells, stratified has multiple layers of cells.
Term
What are the characteristics of squamos epithelium?
Definition
Scale-like, Flattened, and a flat nucleus.
Term
What are the characteristics of cuboidal cells?
Definition
As tall as they are wide, spherical nucleus.
Term
What are the characteristics of columnar cells?
Definition
Tall, nucleus is elongated
Term
Where is simple squamos epithelial tissue found?
Definition
Endothelium (lining of the heart and blood vessels)
Mesothelium (Serous membranes)
Term
What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?
Definition
Secretion and Absorption
Term
Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?
Definition
The kidneys and the smallest ducts of glands
Term
What is the function of simple columnar epithelium?
Definition
Absorption and secretion
Term
Where is simple columnar epithelium found?
Definition
Digestive tract
Term
Describe pseudostratified epithelium
Definition
Not all react the apex, but all are in contact with the basal membrane
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