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A&P ch. 15-17
Test Tues 7/14
31
Anatomy
Graduate
07/08/2015

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Cards

Term
There are more than _______ skeletal muscles in the body.
Definition
600
Term
From 40% to 50% of body weight is ______ ______.
Definition
Skeletal muscle
Term
________: connective tissue sheath that envelopes bundles of muscle fibers.
Definition
Perimysium
Term
Fibrous components may become a tendon or a __________ which is a broad, flat sheet of connective tissue.
Definition
aponeurosis
Term
_______: general term for fibrous connective tissue found under the skin & surrounding many deeper organs, including skeletal muscle & bone.
Definition
fascia
Term
_____ _____: fascicles that radiate out from a small to a wider point of attachment. (pectoral muscles)
Definition
convergent muscles
Term
________: numerous interconnecting quill-like fascicles converge on a common poiknt of attachment. (deltoid)
Definition
multipennate
Term
________ _______: fascicles may be close to parallel in the center but converge to a tendon at one or both ends (brachioradialis)
Definition
fusiform muscles
Term
__________ muscles: "sphinceters" circle body tubes or openings (orbicularis oris)
Definition
circular
Term
_________: point of attachment that moves when muscle contracts.
Definition
insertion
Term
_____ ______ (______): muscles or groups of muscles that directly perform a specific movement.
Definition
prime movers (agonists)
Term
_________: muscles that, when contracting, directly oppose prime movers; relax while prime movers are contracting to produce movement; provide precision & control during contraction of prime movers.
Definition
antagonists
Term
structures & systems other than muscles and bones have a role in _____ ____.
Definition
maintaining posture
Term
_______ _______: responsible for determining muscle tone and also regulation & coordination of the amount of pull exerted by individual muscles.
Definition
nervous system
Term
Name the 4 systems that all contribute to maintain posture.
Definition

Respiratory

digestive

excretory

endocrine

Term
Muscles maintain posture by the property of ______.
Definition
tonicity
Term
what are the 3 general functions of muscles.
Definition

-movement of the body as a whole, or movement of its parts.

-heat production

-posture

Term

_________ (_______): ability to be stimulated.

 

Definition
excitability (irritability)
Term
____________: ability to contract, or shorten, and produce body movement.
Definition
contractibility
Term
muscle cells are called ______ because of their threadlike shape.
Definition
fibers
Term
________: plasma membrane of muscle fibers containing sarcoplasm.
Definition
sarcolemma
Term
______: basic contractile unit of muscle fibers.
Definition
sarcomere
Term
________: allows electrical impulses traveling along the sarcolemma to move deeper into the cell.
Definition
T-Tubules
Term
_________: triplet of tubules; a t-tubule sandwiched between two sacs of SR.
Definition
Triad
Term
________ (____): a neurotransmitter released into a synapse, stimulate the receptors, & initiates an impulse in the sarcolemma causing muscle contraction.
Definition
acetylcholine (ACH)
Term
_________ ____ _________ 
_______ (_____): yields the energy required for muscular contraction.
Definition
hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Term
_________ ________:(means "same tension") contraction in which the tone or tension within a muscle remains the same as the length of the muscle changes.
Definition
isotonic contraction
Term
_________: muscle shortens as it contracts.
Definition
concentric
Term
_________: muscle lengthens while contracting.
Definition
eccentric
Term
_________ ________:(means same length) contraction in which muscle length remains the same while the muscle tension increases.
Definition
isometric contraction
Term
_______ _______ sustains each impulse longer than in skeletal muscle; does not run low on ATP or experience fatigue; is self stimulating.
Definition
cardiac muscle
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