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A & P
Anatomy and Physiology Midterm Review
18
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
05/14/2014

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Cards

Term
Levels of Organization
Definition
Atoms -> Molecules -> Organelles -> Cells -> Tissues
Term
Requirements for Organisms
Definition
Water, Food, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Maintenance of a stable internal environment is called Homeostasis.
Term
Homeostatic mechanisms help...
Definition
Homeostatic mechanisms help regulate body temperature and blood pressure. (shiver response)
Term
Integration and coordination
Definition
Both the nervous system and endocrine system integrate and coordinate.
Term
#
An elements atomic number is equal to...
Definition
An elements atomic number is equal to the number of protons in an atom.
Term
lb
An elements atomic weight is equal to...
Definition
An elements atomic weight is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in each atom.
Term
When atoms ________ they gain, lose, or share electrons. (not the same as hydrogen bonding)
Definition
When atoms combine they gain, lose, or share electrons.
Term
Atoms with completely filled outer shells are _____, but atoms with incompletely filled outer shells tend to gain, lose, or share electrons and thus achieve stable structures.
Definition
Atoms with completely filled outer shells are inert, but atoms with incompletely filled outer shells tend to gain, lose, or share electrons and thus achieve stable structures.
Term
Atoms that lose electrons become ______ charged ions. (cations)
Definition
Atoms that lose electrons become positively charged ions. (cations)
Term
Atoms that gain electrons become ______ charged ions. (anions)
Definition
Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged ions. (anions)
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
The attraction of the positive hydrogen end of a polar molecule to the negative nitrogen or oxygen end of another polar molecule is called a hydrogen bond.
Term
The three types of chemical reactions
Definition
Synthesis A + B -> AB
Decomposition AB -> A + B
Exchange reaction AB + CD -> AC + BD
Term
pH scale
Definition
The pH value represents a solutions's concentration of H+
Term
Ribosomes function in ______ synthesis. They are made of ____ and ____ in the _______.
Definition
Ribosomes function in protein synthesis. They are made of protein and RNA in the nucleus.
Term
Mitochondria contain ______ that catalyze reactions that ____ energy from nutrient molecules.
Definition
Mitochondria contain enzymes that catalyze reactions that release energy from nutrient molecules.
Term
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Definition
Receptor-mediated endocytosis moves specific types of particles into cells. Ligands are requires for attachment and are protein specific.
Term
Mitosis
Definition
Mitosis is the division and distribution of complete sets of genetic material to new cells, increasing cell number.
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