Shared Flashcard Set

Details

A&P
posture and gait
40
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/27/2013

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Stance Phase

Definition

 

 

activity that occurs when the foot is in contact with the ground

Term

 

 

 

Swing Phase

Definition

 

 

 

when the foot is not in contact with the ground 40% of gait cycle

Term

 

 

 

Weight acceptance

Definition

 

 

 

When the foot touches the ground and the body weight begins to shift onto that leg

Term

 

 

 

Single Leg Support

Definition

 

 

 

Body weight shifts completely onto the stance lef so that the opposite lef can swing forward

Term

 

 

 

Double Support

Definition

 

 

 

Both legs are in contact with the ground at the same time

Term

 

 

 

Nonsupport

Definition

 

 

 

Time during neither foot is in contact with the ground (running - not walking)

Term

 

 

 

Single Support

Definition

 

 

 

One foot in contact with the ground

Term

 

 

 

Heel Strike

Definition

 

 

 

Beginnning of stance phase

Term

 

 

 

Foot Flat

Definition

 

 

 

The entire foot is in contact with the ground

Term

 

 

 

Midstance

Definition

 

 

 

Point at which the body passes over the weight bearing foot

Term

 

 

 

Heel-Off

Definition

 

 

 

Following midstance heel rises off the floor

Term

 

 

 

Push-Off

Definition

 

 

 

Plantar flexors actively pushing the body forward

Term

 

 

 

Vedrtical Displacement

Definition

 

 

 

Wavelike fashion pattern when walking- noting that the center of gravity is being displaced.

Term

 

 

 

Horizontal Displacement

Definition

 

 

 

Side to side displacement

Term

 

 

 

Width of Walking Base

Definition

 

 

 

Distance between mid points of heel contact

Term

 

 

 

Lateral Pelvic Tilt

Definition

 

 

 

Movement of hip as you walk the weight is removed from the lef at toe off

Term

 

 

 

Generally elderly walk slower

Definition

 

 

 

Have greater horizontal displacement - slower automatic movements increases the chance of falling

Term

 

 

 

Muscular Weakness/ Paralysis

Definition

 

 

 

AKA "Rocking Horse Gait" 

backward - forward motion of the trunk

Term

 

 

 

Quadriceps Weakness

Definition

 

 

 

Individual will lean forward over the quadriceps muscles at the earliest part of the stance phase is weight bearing is shifted onto the stance leg.

Term

 

 

 

Hamstring Weakness

Definition

 

 

 

During stance phase knee will go into excessive HYPERextension and the knee will snap into EXTENSION

Term

 

 

 

Foot Drop

Definition

 

 

 

gravity will cause the foot to fall into plantar flexion when it is off the ground

Term

 

 

 

Foot Slap

Definition

 

 

 

Weak ankle dorsiflexors may not be able to support the body weight after heel strike and will thus move forward toward foot flat

Term

 

 

 

Steppage Gait

Definition

 

 

 

Knee needs to be lifted higher for the dropped foot to clear the floor

Term

 

 

 

Sore Foot Limp

Definition

 

 

 

Gastrocnemius and soleus is weak there is no heel rise at push off shorter step lengths

Term

 

 

 

Waddling Gait 

 

 

 

Definition

 

 

 

Swinging forward the entire side of the body due to diffused weakness of many muscles

Term

 

 

 

Fused Hip

Definition

 

Motion of the lumbar spine and pelvis can greatly compensate for hip motion - DECREASED lordosis and posterior tilt will allow the left to swing FORWARD - INCREASED lordosis and anterior pelvic tilt will swing the lef POSTERIORLY.

Term

 

 

 

Knee Flexion Contracture

Definition

 

 

 

Excessive dorsiflexion during midstance

Term

 

 

 

Knee Fusion

Definition

 

 

 

Lower leg will be at a fixed length

Term

 

 

 

Vaulting Gait

Definition

 

 

 

Hip hiking of the involved side

Term

 

 

 

Circumduction Gait

Definition

 

 

 

Leg begins at near the midline at push off and SWINGS OUT to the side during the swing phase

Term

 

 

 

Abducted Gait

Definition

 

 

 

Leg reamins in ABDUCTED throughout the cycle

Term

 

 

 

Ankle Fusion

Definition

 

 

 

AKA Triple Arthrodesis fusion of the subtalar joint (most difficulty walking on uneven ground)

Term

 

 

 

Hemiplegic Gait

Definition

 

Varies depending on the severity, Spacticity = extension synergy in the involved lower extremity (hip in extension/ADDuction/Medial rotation knee in Extension and often unstable - ankle demonstrates foot drop (no reciprocal arm swing) steps tend to length on the involved side and shortened on the uninvolved side.

Term

 

 

 

Axatic Gait

Definition

 

 

 

Lack of coordination leads to jerky uneven movements balance is POOR - wide base of support (staggard)

Term

 

 

 

Parkinsons Gait

Definition

 

Diminished movements flexed lower extremity posture arms partially flexed and there is little or no reciprocal arm swing stride is diminished - SHUFFLING gait feet flat weight shifted onto toes - DIFFICULTY INTIATING movement - starts slow picks up speed and has DIFFICULTY STOPPING

Term

 

 

 

Scissoring Gait

Definition

 

 

 

SPACTICITY in Hip ADDuctors - swing phase unsupported leg walking base is narrowed

Term

 

 

 

Crouch Gait

Definition

 

Cerebral Palsy - Bilateral lower extremity involvement with spastic diplegia - EXCESSIVE flexion/ADDuction and medial rotation at the hips and flexion at the knees reciprocal arm swing and horizontal displacement are EXAGGERATED

Term

 

 

 

Antalgic Gait

Definition

 

 

Pain in the Lower Extremity joints tends to shorten the stance phase arm swing shartens as the step length is shortened.

Term

 

 

 

Concentric Contraction

Definition

 

 

 

Occurs when there is joint movement the muscle shortens and the attachment move toward each other.

Term

 

 

 

Eccentric

Definition

 

 

 

Occurs when there is joint motion but the muscle appears to be lengthened.

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