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A&P2 1-12-22
Blood
43
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
01/12/2022

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Test
Definition
Test
Term
Circulatory system
Definition
Heart, Blood and blood vessesl
Term
Cardiovascular system
Definition
HEart and blood vesssels
Term
Functions of the circulatory system
Definition

Transport

Protection

Regulation

Term
Hematocrit
Definition

Centrifuge blood to separate components

Red blood (Erythrocytes) 37 to 52% volume

White blood and platelets

1% buffy coat

Plasma, the remainder of the volume

47-63%

Term
Hematocrit
Definition

Centrifuge blood to separate components

Red blood (Erythrocytes) 37 to 52% volume

White blood and platelets

1% buffy coat

Plasma, the remainder of the volume

47-63%

Term
High red blood cell count is called
Definition
Polycythemia
Term
Know figure 18.1  What they look like under staining!
Definition
Term
2 categories of white blood cells
Definition
Agranulocytes and granulocytes
Term
Two types of Agranualcytes
Definition
Monocytes and Lymphocytes
Term
Two types of lymphocytes (Cytes)
Definition
T cells and B cells
Term
3 types of granulocytes (PHILS)
Definition
Neutrophils, Basophils, Encinophils
Term
Netrophil have _________ lobe nuclei
Definition
multi
Term
Neutrophils what they do
Definition
Produced in bacterial infection and fight parasites
Term
Neutrophils what they look like
Definition
Red Granuals
Term
Basophils produced when you have
Definition
Allergies!
Term
Basophils Produce 2 chemicals
Definition
Histamine & Heparin
Term
Histamine
Definition

Causes the symptoms of allergies

 

Term
Heparin prevents
Definition

blood clotting

Anti-coagulant

Term
Plasma
Definition
Liquide Portion
Term
Plasma Serum
Definition
What remans when blood clots and solids are removed...retains lot of antibodies
Term
3 plasma proteins
Definition

Albumins

Globulins

Fibrinogen

Term
Albumins
Definition
Produced in liver, most abundant, contributes to viscosity and osmolarity, influences blood pressure and flow and fluid balance
Term
Globulins
Definition

Provide immune system functions

Transport iron, copper, lipids, fat-soluble vitamins. produced by plasma cells

Term
Fibrinogen
Definition
Precursor of fibrin threads that help form blood clots. Produced in liver
Term
NonProtien Components of Plasma
Definition

Nitrogenous Compounds

Nutrients

Gases

Electrolytes

Term
Leukocytes
Definition

Large, lowest in number, 5k to 10k WBC

Protect against infections microorganisms and other pathogens

Few hour sin blood stream before migrating to connective tissue

Term
leukopoiesis
Definition
Production of WBC
Term
Pernicious Anemia
Definition
Low RBC but bigger in size
Term
Erythropoiesis
Definition
Production of RBC
Term
Erythrocytes (RBC)
Definition
Lack all organelles...Must be constantly made (every 120 days).  Only one function...Carry Oxygen
Term
Hemoglobin  Major function is gas transport
Definition
2 alpha 2 beta structure...four oxygen...100% sat, 3 oxygen 75%
Term
Hemoglobin Structure
Definition

2 alpha , 2 beta

Four heme groups

 

Term
Hemoglobin men vs women
Definition
Lower in women  Hemocrit is inversely proportional to body fat for everyone
Term
Erythropoiesis how it happens
Definition
Trigger by erythropoietin produced in Kidney.  EPO injections required for people on Dialysis.
Term
Disposing of Erythrocytes
Definition
Not easy because have hemoglobin...liver spleen breaks apart cells...Hemoglobin is broken down into Heme and Globin...Heme is then broken down into biliverdin to bilirubin then bile to feces (this happens in the liver)...and iron...which gets stored and reused...Globin turned into free amino acids,
Term
Blood Types A, B, Ab, O, Rh
Definition
Red blood cells have surface glycoproteins that give them this idenity
Term
Antigens
Definition
Are what the blood type has
Term
Antibodies
Definition
Are what they are again.
Term
Type   Antigen    Antibody
Definition

A   A   B

B   B   A

Ab   Ab   None  Universal Recipent

O   No   A&B  Universal Donor

Rh+  Have d factors

Rh- Do not have d factors

Positives cant give to Negatives

 

Term
Platelets
Definition

The normal count is 130k to 400k

Stop blood loss and clot

Attract Neutrophils

Term
Homeostasis...cessation fo bleeding
Definition

Vascular Spasm

Platelet plug formation

Coagulation

Term
Coagulation Pathways
Definition

Extrinsic...fast, Intrinisic...slow..calcium required...hemophilia is when you are missing a blood clotting factor.

 

 

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