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A & P
bones: general, skull
87
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/17/2009

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Cards

Term
diaphysis
Definition
shaft of long bone
Term
epiphysis
Definition
end of long bone
Term
epiphyseal plate
Definition
active plate cartilage where diaphysis joins wider part of bone
Term
articular cartilage
Definition
outer surface of epiphysis coating in hyaline cartilage called
Term
periosteum
Definition
bone covering
Term
trabeculae
Definition
network of bony plates & rods inside cancellous bone
Term
medullary cavity
Definition
marrow area of the bone
(2 words)
Term
haversian system
Definition
units in compact bone made up of concentric rings
Term
Haversian canals
Definition
in compact bone, these feed the units of concentric rings
Term
Volkmann's canals
Definition
connect Haversian systems and connect bone cells with each other
Term
lacunae
Definition
spaces within the ring of compact bone
Term
interstitial lamellae
Definition
spaces between haversian systems are filled by a material called ____ ____, additional bone tissue
Term
hyaline cartilage
Definition
embryonic skeleton is made up of ___ ___
Term
temporal
Definition
bone: lateral wall of cranium formed by ___ bones
Term
external auditory meatus
Definition
opening in temporal bone
Term
mastoid process
Definition
on temporal bone: rounded bump; muscle point of attachment
Term
styloid process
Definition
temporal bone: point. Attachment for tongue
Term
mandibular fossa
Definition
depression on temporal bone where jaw attaches
Term
zygomatic process
Definition
projection of temporal bone that helps form cheekbone
Term
sphenoid bone
Definition
butterfly shape bone forms floor inside cranium
Term
sella turcica
Definition
saddle shaped depression in sphenoid where pituitary lies
Term
frontal bone
Definition
forehead bone
Term
occipital bone
Definition
bone at back of skull
Term
foramen magnum
Definition
hole in occipital bone for spinal chord
Term
occipital condyles
Definition
rounded bumps on occipital bone where skull meets spine
Term
ethmoid bone
Definition
bone that separates nasal cavity from rest of skull
Term
cribiform plates
Definition
part of ethmoid process where olfactory nerves pass through
Term
nasal bones
Definition
two bone fuse at midline to form bridge of nose
Term
vomer bone or nasal septum
Definition
divides nasal cavity in half
Term
zygomatic bones
Definition
cheek bones (bones below eye socket)
Term
temporal process
Definition
projection on zygomatic bone that connects to zyomatic arch on another bone
Term
maxilla
Definition
upper jaw
Term
coronal suture
Definition
joint between frontal bone and parietal bone
Term
lamboidal suture
Definition
joint at back of head between parietal and occipital bones
Term
squamous suture
Definition
joint along side of head between temporal bone & surrounding bones (parietal, frontal, etc)
Term
supraorbital foramen
Definition
frontal bone has opening through which nerves and blood pass to forehead
Term
1) support blood vessels
2) anchor tendon/ligament
3) houses osteoblasts
Definition
3 functions of periosteum
Term
osteoclasts
Definition
destroy bone -> release Ca++
Term
osteon
Definition
each bullseye ring pattern: (1 word)
Term
pubic symphasis
Definition
flexible spot in public bone that loosens during preg
Term
intramembraneous bone growth
Definition
bone growth method of flat bones, starting with template of fiberous CT
Term
1) irregular
2) short long
3) long
4) flat
Definition
4 types of bone (hint: shape)
Term
saggital suture
Definition
suture that divides parietal bones in half
Term
mastoid process
Definition
bump behind ear; muscle attachment for large muscle that runs down into neck
Term
styloid process
Definition
little pointy thing on temporal
Term
zygomatic process
Definition
thing that sticks out on temporal bone, points forward to connect to bone in front of it
Term
mandibular fossa
Definition
indent in bone where mandible fits
Term
fossa
Definition
general word for : depression/indent in bone
Term
tempomandibular joint
Definition
TMJ stands for ___
Term
sella tursica
Definition
pituitary gland sits behind this notch in sphenoid
Term
optic foramina
Definition
optic nerves cross; in sphenoid bone
Term
crystal galli
Definition
brain is anchored on these projections of ethamoid (point on top)
Term
cribiform plate
Definition
sieve-like horizontal wings of ethamoid with openings
Term
olfactory foramina
Definition
smell nerve. Hole for this is in cribiform plate of ethamoid.
Term
perpendicular plate
Definition
bottom projection of ethamoid, makes part of nasal septum
Term
wormian bones
Definition
unjoined little bits of bone between sutures
Term
palantine bones
Definition
back two bones of hard palate
Term
maxillary bone
Definition
this facial bone makes up front bones of hard palate
Term
coronoid process
Definition
pointy projection of mandible; muscle attachment
Term
mandibular condyle
Definition
projection of mandible that fits into mandibular fossa
Term
mental foramen
Definition
holes in bottom jaw that allow nerves+ blood vessels
Term
mandibular foramen
Definition
holes on inside of mandible; allows blood vessels + nerves
Term
volmer bone
Definition
small pointy inside bone, at bottom center
Term
nasal septum
Definition
perpendicular plate + cartilage + volmer =
Term
nasal mucosa
Definition
lining inside nose
Term
auditory ossicles
Definition
tiny hearing bones
Term
malleus
Definition
tiny hammer bone in ear
Term
incus
Definition
tiny anvil bone in ear
Term
stapes
Definition
tiny stirrup bone in ear
Term
Malleus -> Incus -> Stapes
Definition
order of bones in ear, from superficial to deep
Term
1) segmented
2) inter-vertebral discs
3) curves
Definition
how do we have flexibility in spine? 3 reasons
Term
anulus
Definition
intervertebral disc : outer ring
Term
pulp
Definition
inner part of interverterbral ring made of ___
Term
spinous process
Definition
vertebra : top fin
Term
transverse processes
Definition
vertebra : side fins
Term
centrum
Definition
body of vertebrea
Term
vertebral foramen
Definition
big hole in vertebra - spinal chord
Term
bifid or forked
Definition
cervical vertebrae - tip of top fin is special
Term
transverse foramina
Definition
only in cervical vertebrea. Holes that allow for arteries to brain.
Term
atlas
Definition
C1 is also known as
Term
axis
Definition
C2 other name
Term
odontoid process
Definition
projection on C2. Ring of bone. Atlas rests on this.
Term
lamina
Definition
spot between spinous and transverse processes in vertebra
Term
pedicle
Definition
spot between transverse process and body of vertebra
Term
neural arch
Definition
spinal chord is protected by back half of vertebra (pedicle -> transverse process-> lamina -> transverse -> pedicle)
Term
sacrum
Definition
fusion of 5 lower vertebra
Term
endochondral ossification
Definition
one of two types bone is formed
makes longer bones from cartilage
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