Term
| What are the 8 bones of the cranium |
|
Definition
the paired parietal
paired temporal bones
frontal bone
occipital
ethmoid
sphenoid |
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Term
| All the bones of the adult skull are joined by immovable sutures except for... |
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Definition
| the temporomandibular joints |
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Term
| The skull is formed by how many bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| the _________ forms the vault and base of the skull, which protect the brain. |
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Definition
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Term
| the facial skeleton provides openings for the ____________ and _____________ passages and attachment points for facial muscles. |
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Definition
| respiratory and digestive passages |
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Term
| How many facial bones are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| The 14 bones of the face are: |
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Definition
paired maxillae
paired zygomatics
paired nasals
paired lacrimals
paired palatines
paired inferior nasal conchae
mandible
vomer |
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Term
| The _______ bone, supported in the neck by ligaments, serves as an attachment point for tongue and neck muscles. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are complicated bony regions formed of several bones? |
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Definition
| The orbits and nasal cavity. |
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Term
| ____________ ____________ occur in the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and maxillary bones. |
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Definition
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Term
| the ______________ skeleton forms the longitundinal axis of the body. |
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Definition
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Term
| The principal subdivisions of the axial sekelton are... |
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Definition
| skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage |
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Term
| the axial skeleton provides _______ and ______ |
|
Definition
support and protection
(by enclosure) |
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Term
| the appendicular skeleton consists of: |
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Definition
| the bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles and the limbs. |
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Term
| The ________ ________ allows for mobility for manipulation and locomotion. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the skeleton is structured from ___ bones segregated into three major regions: the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage |
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Definition
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Term
| The axial skeleton protects the ______, _______ _______, and _________________ in the _________. |
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Definition
| brain, spinal cord, and the organs in the thorax |
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Term
| appendicular skeleton allows us to interact with and manipulate our environment, are appended to the axial skeleton, which are: |
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Definition
| arms, legs, pelvis, pectoral girdle - everything that is not the skull, thoracic cage, vertebral column, and sacrum. |
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Term
| the vertebral column is a ______, ______ support structure |
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Definition
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Term
| The vertebral column includes: |
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Definition
| 24 moveable vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar), the sacrum, and the coccyx |
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Term
| The fibrocartilage intervertebral discs act as _________ _______ and provide _________ to the vertebral column. |
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Definition
| shock absorbers, flexibility |
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Term
| ______________ increase spine flexibility. |
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Definition
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Term
| the thoracic and sacral curvatures are posteriorly __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the cervical and lumbar curvatures are posteriorly _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| With the exception of _____ and _____, all vertebrae have a body, two transverse processes, two superior and two inferior articular processes, a sinous process, and vertebral arch |
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Definition
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Term
| Special features distinguish the ____________________ vertebrae |
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Definition
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Term
| The thoracic cage is the ________ __________ of the chest |
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Definition
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Term
| The skull consists of 8 _____________ ___________ and 14 ___________ ___________ |
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Definition
| cranial bones, facial bones |
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Term
| The bones of the thoracic cage include the ____ _____ _____, the ______, and the _______ _________. |
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Definition
| 12 rib pairs, sternum, thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
| the thoracic cage protects ______ |
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Definition
| the organs of the thoracic cavity. |
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Term
| The sternum consists of the _____ ______, ___, and _____ _______. |
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Definition
| fused manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
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Term
| The first seven rib pairs are called _____ ____; the rest are called ______ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribs 11 and 12 are _________ __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Each pectoral girdle consists of one _____ and one ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The pectoral girdles attach the ______ ______ to the _______ ________. |
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Definition
| upper limbs, axial skeleton |
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Term
| the clavicles hold the _______ laterally away from the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| The sternoclavicular joints are the only attachment points of the _____ ______ to the _____ _____ |
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Definition
| pectoral girdle, axial skeleton |
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Term
| the scapulae articulate with the _____ and with the _____ _____ of the arms. |
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Definition
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Term
| the upper limb consists of: |
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Definition
| the arm, forearm, and hand |
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Term
| each upper limb consists of _____ bones and is specialized for _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the skeleton of the arm is composed solely of the _____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the skeleton of the forearm is composed of the ______ and _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| the skeleton of the hand consists of: |
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Definition
| the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges |
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Term
| the hip bones attach to the _______, forming the ______ _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| the ______ _____ is a heavy structure specialized for weight-bearing |
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Definition
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Term
| the _______ _____ is composed of two hip bones and the sacrum. |
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Definition
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Term
| the pelvic girdle is composed of two _____ _______ and the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ __________ secures the lower limbs to the axial skeleton |
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Definition
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Term
| EAch hip bone consists of three fused bones: |
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Definition
| ilium, ischium, and pubis |
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Term
| the acetabulum occurs at the _______ __ _______ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the _______ is the superior flaring portion of the hip bone |
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Definition
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Term
| EAch ilium forms a ______ ______ with the sacrum ___________ |
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Definition
| secure joint, posteriorly |
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Term
| The __________ is a curved bar of bone |
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Definition
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Term
| We sit on the ______ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The v-shaped pubic bones articulate anteriorly at the ______ ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the __________ is the deep, basinlike structure formed by the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx. |
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Definition
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Term
| the pelvis is the deep, basinlike structure formed by the _____ _______, _______, and ________. |
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Definition
| hip bones, sacrum, coccyx. |
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Term
| the male pelvis is deep and narrow with larger, heavier bones than those of the female. the female pelvis is shallow and wide for childbirth. |
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Definition
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Term
| the lower limb consists of: ______, _____, and ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Each lower limb is specialized for ______ ______ and _________ |
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Definition
| weight bear and locomotion |
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Term
| the _________ is the only bone of the thigh |
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Definition
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Term
| the ball shaped head of the ___________ articulates with the acetabulum |
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Definition
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Term
| the bones of the leg are the : |
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Definition
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Term
| the _________ participates in forming both the knee and ankle joints |
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Definition
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Term
| the bones of the foot include the : |
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Definition
| tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. |
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Term
| the most important tarsals are the __________ and the ______ |
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Definition
| calcaneus (heel bone) and the talus (which articulates with the tibia superiorly. |
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Term
| the talus articulates with the ______ superiorly |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the foot is supported by three _______ that distribute weight to the heel and ball of the foot. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the three arches of the foot are: |
|
Definition
lateral longitudinal
medial longitudinal
transverse |
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Term
| __________, which allow brain growth and ease birth passage, are present in the skull at birth. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Growth of the cranium after birth is related to _______ ______ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Increase in the size of the facial skeleton follows ______ ______ and enlargement of the ____ and ______ ______ |
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Definition
| tooth development, nose, paranasal sinuses |
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|
Term
| the ________ is C shaped at birth |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _______ and ______ curvatures are present at birth |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the secondary __________ form when the baby begins to lift its head and walk |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _______ _________ continue to grow in length until late adolescence |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the _______ and _____, initially 1-1/2 times the length of the lower limbs, equal their length by the age of 10 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| changes in the female pelvis (preparatory for childbirth) occur during ________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| with old age the __________ ______ thin |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Once at adult height, the skeleton changes little until ______ ________ ______ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| intervertebral discs thinning along with osteoporosis leads to a gradual loss in __________ and increase risk of _____ ______ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Loss of ________ _______ increase the risk of fractures. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _____ _____ _____ promotes breathing difficulties |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| connected by the coronal suture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| keystone bone of the face |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| allows the spinal code to pass |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| contain paranasal sinuses |
|
Definition
| ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, sphenoid |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bone of the axial skeleton to which the pectoral girdle attaches |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| markings include glenoid cavity and acromion |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| features include the ala, crest, and greater sciatic notch |
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Definition
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|
Term
| doubly curved; acts as a shoulder strut |
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Definition
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|
Term
| hip bone that articulates with the axial skeleton |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anteriormost bone of the pelvic girdle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| part of the vertebral column |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| articulates with the acetabulum and the tibia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| forms the lateral aspect of the ankle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bone that "carries" the hand |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| end shaped like a monkey wrench |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| articulates with the capitulum of the humerus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| largest bone of this "group" is the calcaneus |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the ____ and ____ curvatures are called primary curvatures because they are present at birth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the ____ and ____ curvatures are called secondary curvatures because they develop after birth when the baby learns to lift it's head (______) and when it learns to walk (______) |
|
Definition
| cervical, lumbar, cervical curvature, lumbar curvature |
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|
Term
| What is the function of the intervertebral discs? |
|
Definition
| The intervertebral discs act as shock absorbers and provide flexibility to the spine, allowing it to flex and extend. |
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|
Term
| Which ribs are floating ribs and why are they called that? |
|
Definition
| Rib pairs 11 and 12 are called floating ribs (or vertebral ribs) because they are not attached to the sternum anteriorly. |
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Term
| List three important differences between male and female pelves. |
|
Definition
| Differences between the male and female pelves include that (1) the female pelvic inlet and outlet are wider, (2) the female pelvis is wider, shallower, and lighter, and (3) the femal ischial spines are farther apart. |
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|
Term
| Briefly describe the anatomical characteristics and impairment of function seen in cleft palate and hip displaysia. |
|
Definition
| Both cleft palate and hip displaysia are congenital abnormalities affecting skeletal formation. Cleft palate is a condition in which the left and right halves of the palate fail to fuse medially. The resulting opening between the nasal and oral cavities may cause difficulty sucking. Aspiration of food and aspiration pneumonia may result. IN developmental dysplasia of the hip, the acetabulum is poorly formed and the head of the femur may be partially or completely dislocated. Hip dysplasica can lead to dgenerative arthritis of the hip joint. |
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