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A&P 1 cell structure niacc
A&P 1 cell structure niacc
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
09/10/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Function of the cell membrane
Definition

•Separates intracellular from extracellular environment

 

• Controls movement into and out of cell

 

• Signal transduction (provides communication)

Term
Three components of the cell membrane
Definition

phospholipid by bilayer

 

cholesterol

 

membrane protein

 (channel, carrier, cell recognition, receptors, enzymatic, junction)

Term
What else does cholesterol do?
Definition
Decreases the effective temperature on cellular membrane
Term

Phospholipid bilayer

(make up)

 

Definition

Head

Choline, phosphate, glycerol,

 

Tail

fatty acids

Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition
Maintains cell shape and assistant movement of cell parts
Term
Three parts of the cytoskeleton
Definition

Microtubules

 

Intermediate filaments

 

Actin filaments

Term
Microtubules
Definition
Cylinders of protein molecules present in cytoplasm, centrioles, cilia, and flagella
Term
Intermediate filaments
Definition
Protein fibers that provide support and strength
Term
Actin filaments
Definition
Protein fibers that play a role movement of cell organelles
Term
Centrioles
Definition

Cellular structure built of microtubules that organize the mitotic spindle

 

Not found in plant cells

Term
Centrosome
Definition
Microtubule organizing center that container pair of centrioles
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
Semi fluid matrix outside nuclear list that contains organelles
Term
Vesicle
Definition

Membrane-bounded sac that stores and transport substance

 

 

Term
Lysosome
Definition

Vesicles that digest macromolecules and even cell parts

 

 

 

 

Not found in plant cells

Term
Components of the nucleus
Definition

• Nuclear envelope

 

• Chromatin

 

• Nucleolus

Term
Nuclear envelope
Definition
Double membrane with nuclear pores that enclose nucleus
Term
Chromatin
Definition
Diffuse threads containing DNA and protien
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
Region that produces subunits ribosomes
Term
Rough ER
Definition

Studed with ribosomes

 

Ribosomes of rough ER our site of protein synthesis

 

Proteins then move to tubules the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus for furtur processing

 

Term
Smooth ER
Definition
Contains enzymes that are important in synthesizing lipids, absorbing fats from digestive tract, and breaking down drugs
Term
Golgi apparatus
Definition

 stacks of a half a dozen or so flattened, membranous sacs called cisternae.

This organelle refines, packages, and delivers proteins synthesized on the rough ER

Term
Mitochondria
Definition

Has two layers-an outer membrane and inner membrane

 

The inner membrane folds extensively in, forming shelf life partitions called cristae.


Adenosine triphosphate ATP


Powerhouse of the cell

Term
Peroxisomes
Definition
Vesicle that has various functions; breaks down fatty acids and converts resulting hydrogen peroxide water
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
particles that carry out protein synthesis
Term
Pollyribosome
Definition
String of ribosomes simultaneously synthesizing the same protein
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