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A&P Pam Puckett Lab Test 2
muscles
53
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
07/04/2009

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Term
insertion
Definition
the moveable end of a skeletal muscle
Term
origin
Definition
the immoveable end of a skeletal muscle
Term
prime mover
Definition
responsible for most of a movement
Term
synergist
Definition
aid prime movers
Term
antagonists
Definition
smooth movements depend upon _______ giving way to the actions of prime movers
Term
tendons
Definition
muscles attach to bone or to other muscles by ______
Term
tendons
Definition
may be cords or thin sheets
Term
groups
Definition
skeletal muscles work in _____
Term
frontalis
Definition
muscle that raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead in the front of the head (forehead area)
Term
occipitalis
Definition
muscle that raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead in back of the head
Term
epicranial aponeuroses tendon
Definition
connects the frontalis and occipitalis (gray part)
Term
orbicularis oculi
Definition
circle around the eye involved in winking
Term
orbicularis oris
Definition
circle around the mouth involved in kissing
Term
zygomaticus
Definition
muscle that follows the zygomatic bone on cheek involved in smiling
Term
buccinator
Definition
deep to zygomaticus, compresses cheeks inward as in blowing
Term
masseter
Definition
a big, lower, lateral facial muscle that elevates the mandible in chewing
Term
temporalis
Definition
a synergist that elevates the mandible in chewing located on the side of the head above the temporal bone
Term
sternocleidomastoid
Definition
big muscle that sticks out on neck (forms a V shape) (together- head flexion; separate- rotate and tilt head)
Term
trapezius
Definition
shaped like a trapezoid (kite) on the back--it raises scapula andn various other scapular movements
Term
rhomboideus major
Definition
underneath trapezius--raises and adducts scapula (shows only on torso model) (below trapezius and above latissimus dorsi--deep)
Term
serratus anterior
Definition
forms triangles underneath armpit and pulls scapula downward and anterior (boxer's muscle)
Term
pectoralis major
Definition
"front boob area" involved in arm flexion and adduction
Term
teres major
Definition
a synergist that aids in arm extension and adduction--below armpit
Term
latissimus dorsi
Definition
goes straight across the back involved in arm extension and adduction (swimmer's muscle)
Term
deltoid
Definition
on top of shoulder involved in arm abduction
Term
supraspinatus
Definition
synergist mover aids in arm abduction (above the spina of scapula and below the deltoid)
Term
infraspinatus
Definition
below the supraspinatus muscle --it rotates the arm laterally
Term
teres minor
Definition
below infraspinatus muscle --rotates arm laterally
Term
subscapularis
Definition
rotates arm medially
Term
biceps brachii
Definition
2 heads on the upperarm --involved in forearm flexion (pulls the radius towards the scapula)
Term
brachialis
Definition
synergist mover to the biceps brachii in forearm flexion found below the biceps brachii
Term
triceps brachii
Definition
3 heads in upper arm--towards the back/inside of arm--involved in forearm extension
Term
external oblique
Definition
at an angle on sides--rotates the trunk
Term
rectus abdominus
Definition
straight down the abdomin--flexes trunk
Term
linea alba
Definition
the white line down the rectus abdominus that is connective tissue that runs from xiphoid process to symphysis pubis
Term
iliopsoas group
Definition
on the torso model below kidneys--primary flexors of the thigh
Term
quadriceps femoris
Definition
composed of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius that extend the leg at the knee
Term
rectus femoris
Definition
straight down the femur--extends leg at the knee and performs thigh flexion
Term
vastus lateralis
Definition
to the lateral side of the top of the leg--extends the leg at the knee
Term
vastus medialis
Definition
medial part of upper leg that extends the leg at the knee
Term
vastus intermedius
Definition
underneath rectus femoris--extends leg at the knee
Term
gracilis
Definition
down middle of the inside of the thigh--adducts the leg
Term
gluteus maximus
Definition
outside of butt involved in thigh extension and hyperextension
Term
hamstrings
Definition
composed of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus--involved in lower leg flexion and thigh extension and hyperextension
Term
biceps femoris
Definition
towards the middle/outide of the upper leg on the backside--involved in lower leg flexion and thigh extension and hyperextension
Term
semitendinosus
Definition
directly medial to the biceps femoris--involved in lower leg flexion and thigh extension and hyperextension
Term
semimembranosus
Definition
slightly medial of the semitendinosus (crosses and goes to the lateral side of the semitendinosus at the knee, but for the most part, it is medial)--involved in lower leg flexion and thigh extension andhyperextension
Term
sartorius
Definition
goes from the hip to the inside of the leg (forms a V shape when legs are together)--helps in crossing legs
Term
gluteus medius
Definition
underneath the gluteus maximus--abducts and rotates thigh medially
Term
tibialis anterior
Definition
front of tibia--involved in dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
Term
gastrocnemius
Definition
big muscle on calf involved in plantar flexion
Term
soleus
Definition
underneath the gastrocnemius--on the lower part of leg (supposed to look like a fish)--involved in plantar flexion
Term
calcaneal tendon
Definition
called the Achilles tendon--helps the gastrocnemius and soleus insert on the calcaneus bone
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