Term
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Definition
| quick source of body fuel |
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Term
| categories of carbohydrates |
|
Definition
monosaccharides
disaccharides
polysaccharides |
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Term
|
Definition
| simple sugars, digestible units |
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Term
|
Definition
pentose (5 carbon) deoxyribose, found in DNA
hexose (6 carbon) glucose-blood sugar
galactose
fructose |
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Term
| disaccharides description |
|
Definition
| two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis (loss of water molecule) |
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|
Term
| reverse of dehydration synthesis |
|
Definition
| hydrolysis (addition of water) |
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Term
|
Definition
sucrose - table sugar
lactose - milk sugar
maltose - malt sugar
Can't be disgested without hydrolysis |
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|
Term
| Polysaccharide description |
|
Definition
| long chains of simple sugars, linked by dehydration |
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Term
|
Definition
starch - plant sugar
glycogen - animal tissue sugar |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
triglycerides - fatty acids and glycerol (nonpolar)
phospholipids - have both polar and nonpolar traits
steroids - see examples
eicosanoids - see example |
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|
Term
| categories of triglycerides |
|
Definition
saturated - one covalent bond between carbons
unsaturated - one or more double bonds between carbons
transfats
omega 3 fatty acids |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to build cell membranes |
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Term
|
Definition
| having both polar and nonpolar traits |
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Term
|
Definition
Adrenocortisol
Bile Salts
Cholesterol
"D" vitamin
Sex hormones |
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Term
|
Definition
| regulates blood sugar and salt/water balance in body |
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Term
|
Definition
| fat digestion and absorption |
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Term
|
Definition
| involved in manufacture of all body steroids |
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Term
|
Definition
| prostaglandin-regulates blood clotting, inflammation and labor contractions |
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|
Term
| Proteins - building blocks |
|
Definition
| made up of combinations of 20 different types of amino acid. Can act as acid or base. |
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Term
|
Definition
| long chains of amino acids joined by dehydration. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The bond between amino acids in a protein chain |
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|
Term
| Proteins in order or complexity |
|
Definition
primary - strand of beads
secondary - alpha helix or beta sheet
tertiary - alpha or beta folded into itself
quaternary - clump |
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Term
|
Definition
| usually primary or secondary form |
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Term
|
Definition
| structural, found in collagen, keratin, elastin, contractile muscle |
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|
Term
| globular protein (shapes) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| globular proteins (forms) |
|
Definition
| functional, found in antibodies, growth areas, catalysts |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protein has lost its shape due to ph or temp variation. Is reversible within certain tolerances. |
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Term
|
Definition
chaperonins
enzymes/catalysts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ensure correct folding action and flush out damaged proteins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. pure protein
2. holoenzyme (usually metallic)
3. coenzyme (mostly vitamins) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
1. Enzyme's active site binds with substrate
2. Enzyme & substrate rearrange to form product
3. Enzyme releases product |
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