Term
| Structures of the external ear |
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Definition
| Auricle (pinna), lobule, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane |
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Term
| Structures of the middle ear (tympanic cavity) |
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Definition
| Auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes), oval window, round window |
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Term
| Structures of the internal ear (labyrinth) |
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Definition
| Cochlea, scala vestibuli, scala tympani, cochlear duct (scala media, contains endolymph), spiral organ of Corti, cochlear nerve |
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Term
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Definition
Contains sensory receptors for hearing
Cochlear duct
Scala vestibuli (upper chamber - terminates at oval window) and scala tympani (lower chamber - terminates at round window) |
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Term
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Definition
| A division of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) |
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Term
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Definition
| Basilar membrane, tectorial membrane, vestibular membrane, scala media |
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Term
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Definition
Determine conduction and sensorineural deafness
Tuning fork placed medially on top of head - is the tone equally loud in both ears, or louder in one ear? |
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Term
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Definition
Comparing bone-conduction and air-conduction hearing
Tuning fork placed on mastoid process
When the person can no longer hear the noise, move it close to auditory canal - can they hear it again? |
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Term
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Definition
The equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear
In the vestibule and semicircular canals of the bony labyrinth
Utricle and saccule
Membranous semicircular ducts - filled with endolymph and contain receptor cells |
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Term
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Definition
Involved in the mechanism of dynamic equilibrium
Ampulla at base which communicates with the utricle and contains receptor region called crista ampullaris with cupula |
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Term
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Definition
In vestibule, contain hair cells (essential to the mechanism of static equilibrium) embedded in the otolithic membrane
Respond to gravitational pull |
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Term
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Definition
Induction of nystagmus and vertigo
Put person in rotating chair and spin it, then suddenly stop |
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Term
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Definition
Determines the integrity of the dorsal white column of the spinal cord (transmits impulses to the brain from the proprioceptors involved with posture)
Draw lines parallel to each side of person's body, then observe for 2 minutes for any swaying, first with eyes open then with eyes closed |
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Term
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Definition
| Results from damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve, the inner ear, or the sensory centers of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Problem conducting sound waves anywhere along the route to the inner ear - tested for with Rinne and Weber tests |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensation of dizziness and rotational movement when such movement isn't occurring or has ceased |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary rolling of the eyes in any direction followed by rapid movement back - normal during and after rotation |
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Term
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Definition
| Division of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) |
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Term
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Definition
| Monitor static equilibrium and linear acceleration |
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Term
| Crista ampullaris function |
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Definition
| When the rate of rotation changes, inertia prevents the endolymph in the semicircular canals from moving with the head, so the fluid presses aginst the cupula, bending the hair cells in the opposite direction - increases AP frequency in proportion to the amount of rotational acceleration |
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Term
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Definition
| When the movement of the otolithic membrane bends the hair cells in the direction of the kinocilium (big hair thing), the vestibular fibers depolarize and generate APs more rapidly. When the hairs bend away from kinocilium, the hair cells become hyperpolarized, and send impulses more slowly |
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Term
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Definition
| Filiform, foliate, fungiform, circumvallate |
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Term
| Which papillae contain taste buds? |
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Definition
Fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate
Filiform just provide a rough surface |
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Term
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Definition
Olfactory epithelium, which covers the superior nasal concha
Bipolar neurons with radiating olfactory cilia |
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Term
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Definition
| Dry spices - breathing through your mouth only and then nose only |
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Term
| Olfactory adaptation (fatigue) |
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Definition
| Oils - breathe in through one nostril and record the time required for the odor to disappear |
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