Term
| Hormones of the Hypothalamus |
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Definition
GHRH
GHIH
TRH
CRH
GnRH
PIH
PRH |
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Term
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Definition
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone
(AKA - somatostatin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Thyroid Releasing Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Corticotropin Releasing Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Prolactin Releasing Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| GHRH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| Increased secretion of growth hormone (GH) |
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Term
| GHIH action on target tissue |
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Definition
| decreased secretion of growth hormone (GH) |
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Term
| TRH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| increased secretion of TSH |
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Term
| CRH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| increase secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
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Term
| GnRH action on target tissues |
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Definition
Increased secretion of LH
Increased secretion of FSH |
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Term
| PIH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| Decreased prolactin secretion |
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Term
| PRH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| Increased prolactin secretion |
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Term
| Hormones of the neurohypophysis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ADH action on target tissue |
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Definition
Increased water reabsorption
(less water lost in urination) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| OT action on target tissues |
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Definition
Increased uterine contraction
Increased milk expulsion |
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Term
| Hormones of the adenohypophysis |
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Definition
GH
ACTH
Lipotropin
TSH
β endorphins
MSH
LH
FSH
Prolactin |
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Term
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Definition
Growth hormone
(AKA - somatotropin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Thyroid stimulating hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Follicle stimulating hormone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| GH action on target tissues |
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Definition
↑ Growth in tissues
↑ amino acid uptake and protein synthesis
↑ lipid breakdown and fatty acid release
↑ glycogen synthesis and blood glucose levels
↑ somatomedin production
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ACTH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| ↑ glucocorticoid hormone secretion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Lipotropin action on target tissues |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| TSH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| ↑ thyroid hormone secretion |
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Term
| β endorphins target tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| beta endorphins action on target tissues |
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Definition
analgesia in brain
decreased GnRH |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| MSH action on target tissues |
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Definition
| ↑ melanin production (making skin darker) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| LH action on target tissues |
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Definition
Ovaries
ovulation and progesterone production
Testes
testosterone synthesis and support for sperm cell production |
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Term
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Definition
Follicles in ovaries
Seminiferous tubules in testes |
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Term
| FSH action on target tissues |
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Definition
Follicles
Follicle maturation and estrogen secretion
Seminiferous tubules
Sperm cell production |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Prolactin action on target tissues |
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Definition
Ovaries
↑ response of follicle to LH and FSH
Mammary glands
milk production in lactating women |
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Term
| Hormones of the Thyroid Gland |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Tetraiodothyronine
(AKA - thyroxine) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| T3 and T4 action on target tissue |
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Definition
↑ metabolism
Support of normal growth and maturation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Calcitonin action on target tissue |
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Definition
↓ rate of bone breakdown by osteoclasts
Prevents large increases in blood Ca2+ levels |
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Term
| Hormones of the Parathyroid Gland |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Bone
Kidney
Small Intestine |
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Term
| PTH action on target tissue |
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Definition
Bone
↑ bone breakdown by osteoclasts
Kidney
↑ reabsorption of Ca2+ in kidneys
Small Intestine
↑ absorption of Ca2+ from small intestine
↑ vitamin D synthesis
↑ blood Ca2+ levels |
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Term
| Hormones of the Adrenal medulla |
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Definition
Norepinephrine (20%)
Epinephrine (80%) |
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Term
| Norepinephrine target tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Norepinephrine action on target tissue |
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Definition
| ↑ heart rate and force of contraction, causing vasoconstriction in skin, kidneys, GI tract and other viscera |
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Term
| Epinephrine target tissue |
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Definition
Heart and blood vessels
Liver
Fat Cells |
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Term
| Epinephrine action on target tissue |
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Definition
Heart & Blood Vessels:
↑ heart rate and force of contraction, causing vasoconstriction in skin, kidneys, GI tract and other viscera
Liver:
↑ blood levels of glucose
Fat Cells:
↑ fat breakdown and fatty acids in blood, preparing body for physical activity |
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Term
| Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex |
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Definition
Aldosterone - Zona glomerulosa
(AKA - mineralcorticoids)
Cortisol - Zona fasciculata
(AKA - Glucocorticoids)
Androgens - Zona reticularis |
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Term
| Aldosterone target tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Aldosterone action on target tissues |
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Definition
↑ Na+ reabsorption
↑ blood Na+ levels
↑ water reabsorption
↑ in blood providing ADH
↑ K+ and H+ excretion into urine
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Cortisol action on target tissues |
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Definition
↑ protein and fat breakdown
↑ glucose production
↓ immune response and inflammation
maintains receptor molecules for epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Adrogens action on target tissues |
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Definition
Males:
Negligible, balanced by testosterone secretion
Females:
Development of secondary sexual characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
Glucagon - alpha
Insulin - beta
Somatostatin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Glucagon action on target tissue |
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Definition
| ↑ blood glucose levels and glycogen breakdown |
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Term
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Definition
Liver
Skeletal muscle
Fat tissue |
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Term
| Insulin action on target tissue |
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Definition
| ↑ intake and use of glucose and amino acids, reducing blood glucose levels |
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Term
| Somatostatin target tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Somatostatin action on target tissue |
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Definition
| Inhibition of insulin and glucagon secretion |
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Term
| Hormones of the Pineal body |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Melatonin action on target tissue |
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Definition
↓ GnRH secretion
Regulation of sleep cycle, enhancing sleep |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Thymosin action on target tissue |
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Definition
| Development and function of the immune system |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Testosterone target tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Testosterone action on target tissue |
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Definition
Spermatogenesis
Maintenance of sexual organ function
Secondary sexual characteristics
Sexual behavior |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Estrogen and Progesterone target tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Estrogen and Progesterone action on target tissues |
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Definition
Uterine / mammary gland development /function
External genitalia structure
Secondary sexual characteristics
Menstrual cycle
Sexual behavior (estrogen only) |
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