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A&P II
Exam 3 Chap 23,25, 26 in Human A&P Marieb
46
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
12/01/2009

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Cards

Term
What are the jobs of the digestive system?
Definition
takes in food, breaks it down into nutrient molecules, absorbs, and rids body of indigestables
Term
What are the digestive processes?
Definition
1. Ingestion, 2. Propulsion, 3. Mechanical Digestion, 4. Chemical Digestion, 5. Absorbtion, 6. Defecation
Term
What covers the external surfaces of the digestive system
Definition
visercal peritoneum
Term
What is the name of the system that delivers blood to the digestive organs?
Definition
Splanchnic Circulation
Term
What is the name of the anterior opening of the mouth?
Definition
Oral Orifice
Term
What is the name of the fold of skin that joins the lips to the gums?
Definition
Labial Frenulum
Term
The uvula is projection from?
Definition
Soft Palate
Term
Describe the tounge
Definition
skeletal muscle, occupies floor of mouth, fills most of oral cavity when mouth is closed, repositions food during chewing, and mixes food with saliva
Term
What is the fold of mucosa that anchors the toungue to the floor of the mouth?
Definition
Lingual frenulum
Term
Mumps cause inflamation of which set of salivary glands?
Definition
parotoid
Term
Ingredients of Saliva
Definition
97% water, slightly acidic ph, electrolytes, salivary amylase, proteins mucin, lysozyme, IgA, urea and uric acid
Term
what are acceptable names for primary teeth?
Definition
deciduous teeth, baby teeth, milk teeth
Term
which of the tooth types are found in primary dentition?
Definition
Incisors, canines, molars
Term
How many roots do basic tooth types have?
Definition

Incisors and canines -1

Premolars- 1 or 2

Molars- 2 or more

Term
What is the living part of the tooth called?
Definition
Pulp
Term
What are the parts of the esophagus?
Definition
esophageal hiatus, cardiac orifice, cardiac sphincter
Term
What is the correct term for swallowing?
Definition
deglutition
Term
What is the part of the stomach is found in close poximity to the heart?
Definition
Cardiac region
Term
Describe the small intestines?
Definition
Body's major digestion organ, almost all of absorbtion of nutrients occurs there, where digestion is completed
Term
name the parts of the small intestine
Definition
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Term
What is largest gland in body, that is found almost entirely in the rib cage
Definition
Liver
Term
The live has how many lobes?
Definition
4
Term
Which sphincters of the digestive system are voluntary?
Definition
External anal sphincter
Term
What is the name give to the part of the large intestin that travels up the right side of the body?
Definition
Ascending Colon
Term
What name is given to the leftover, undigested products that exit the body through the anus?
Definition
Phecies
Term
Describe the kidneys
Definition
filter 200 liters of fluid a day, major excretory organs, they regulate volume and chemical makeup of blood(keep balance)
Term
What are the functions of kidneys?
Definition
gluconeogenesis, production of renin and erythropoietin, metabolizing vitamin d
Term
How does kidney anatomy differ from left to right side?
Definition
liver pushes right kidney down
Term
How much of the total cardiac output of blood do the kidneys receive each minute?
Definition
1/4 of total cardiac output
Term
Describe the functional unit of the kidneys
Definition
Nephron, glomerulus, renal corpuscle, Proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal convolute tubule
Term
What part of the functional unit of the kidney was likened to a well-worn baseball glove around a ball?
Definition
Glomerular capsule
Term
Which type of nephron is the most numerous, accounting for about 85% of the total number?
Definition
cortical nephron
Term
What are the three stages of urine formation?
Definition
glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorbtion, tubular secretion
Term
How can filtration rate be affected?
Definition
Total surface area available for filtration, permeability of the filtration membrane, net filtration pressure
Term
what determines if a substance will be reabsorbed or not?
Definition
lack carrier, not lipid soluble, to large for plasma membrane
Term
what items are reabsorbed?
Definition
water, ions, nutrients, and most organic molecules
Term
what item is lipid insoluble and not reabsorbed at all
Definition
creatinine
Term
Describe urine color
Definition
clear and pale to deep yellow depending on concentration
Term
describe urine odor
Definition
aromatic, if left standing develops amonia smell, drugs diseases or vegtables cause funky smell
Term
Describe urine ph
Definition
slightly acidic between 4.5-8, vegetarians and vomitters have alkaline urine
Term
What are components of urine
Definition
98% water, 5% solutes, urea
Term
What name is given to the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Definition
ureters
Term
The urinary bladder stores urine, when is the temporary time frame extremely short?
Definition
Pregnant women, male with enlarged prostate
Term
What age group of humas has the highest percentage of body water
Definition
infants
Term
which of the fluid compartments contains the highest percentage of body water
Definition
intracellular compartment
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