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A/P I: CNS Part II
Functional Regions of the Cebral Cortex
35
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
10/11/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Lobes involved in smell, voluntary motor function, motivation, aggression and mood.
Definition
Frontal lobes
Term
Lobes that contain the major sensory areas receiving general sensory input, taste and balance.
Definition
Parietal lobes
Term
Lobes that contain the visual centers.
Definition
Occipital lobes
Term
Lobes that receive olfactory and auditory input and are involved in memory, abstract thought, and judgement.
Definition
Temporal lobes.
Term
Functional regions in the frontal lobe
Definition

Primary motor cortex

Premotor area

Prefrontal area

Motor speech area (Broca's area)

Term
Function of the prefrontal area
Definition
Thought
Term
Function of the premotor area
Definition
Thought about movement
Term
Function of the primary motor cortex
Definition
Specific movement of skeletal muscle
Term

Function of Broca's area

(Motor Speech Area)

Definition

Control muscle movement related to speech...tongue, cheek, larynx.

 

Left hemisphere only.

Term
Functional Regions of the parietal lobes
Definition

Primary somatic sensory cortex

Somatic sensory association area

Sensory speech area (Wernicke's Area)

Term
Function of the primary somatic sensory cortex.
Definition
Receives action potentials relative to superficial "general" senses of specific areas of the body.
Term
Function of the somatic sensory association area.
Definition
Integrate and process information received by primary sensory cortex.
Term
Function of Wernicke's Area
Definition

Formulate and develop speech.

 

Left hemisphere only.

Term
Functional region of the frontal lobe that is necessary for complex, skilled and learned movement.
Definition
Premotor area
Term
Functional area of the frontal lobe that is involved with motivation and foresight associated with movement.
Definition
Prefrontal area
Term
How Wernicke's Area and Broca's area work together for speech.
Definition

Wernicke's area comprehends and formulates speech.

 

Broca's area receives input from Wernicke's and sends impulses to the premotor and motor areas which cause muscle movement for speech.

Term
Left Hemisphere Functions
Definition
  • Somatic sensory from the right
  • Control muscles on the right
  • Visual images from the right visual field
  • Numerical and Scientific skills
  • Ability to use and understand sign language
  • Spoken and written language
  • Reasoning
Term
Right Hemisphere Functions
Definition
  • Receives somatic sensory from left
  • Controls muscles on the left
  • Visual images from the left visual field
  • Musical and artistic awareness
  • Space and pattern perception
  • Recognition of faces and emotional context of facial expressions
  • Emotional context of language
  • Discrimination and identification of odors
  • Mental imaging
Term
Procedural memory
Definition
How we do things
Term
Declarative Memory
Definition
Dates and Facts
Term
Sensory Memory
Definition
Very short term, occurs while scanning and evaluating
Term
Short Term Memory
Definition
Retained for a few seconds or a few minutes. Limited by volume.
Term
Long-term memory
Definition

Unlimited memory due to permanent changes in neuron shape.

 

Term
Explicit memory
Definition
Recorded but lost through time because of no association.
Term

Memory stored in hippocampus and amygdaloid of the temporal lobe.

 

 

Definition
Declarative Memory
Term
Memory stored in the cerebellum and premotor area of cerebrum.
Definition
Procedural memory
Term
Series of neurons associated with the long term memory of a piece of information.
Definition
Memory traces
Term
Memory neurotransmitter
Definition
Glutamate
Term
Involve action potentials within the parietal lobe of the brain.
Definition
Sensory memory
Term
Involves altered resting membrane potential in the post synaptic cell.
Definition
Short term memory
Term
Involves a change in the shape of the neuron due to association or repetition.
Definition
Long-term memory
Term
Pathway of Long-term memory storage
Definition
  1. A.P. in presynaptic cell causes glutamate to be released into the synaptic cleft.
  2. Glutamate binds with ligand gated ions channels stimulating influx of Calcium ions in postsynaptic cell.
  3. Calcium binds with calmodulin intracellularly.
  4. Calmodulin activates cAMP
  5. cAMP enters nucleus and binds to DNA to act as promotor for synthesis of NMDA Glutamate receptors.
  6. Protein synthesis of NMDA receptor
  7. Receptors added to the membrane, changing its shape.
Term
What creates a strong memory.
Definition
Repeated activations of the cell from different directions, create more NMDA receptors. The more NMDA receptors, the stronger the memory.
Term
Declarative memory
Definition
Retention of facts
Term
Procedural memory
Definition
Memory of developed skills
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