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A&P Final Words
Trinity Christian Academy Anatomy final exam vocab words
26
Anatomy
11th Grade
05/06/2012

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Term
Bile
Definition
A greenish-yellow or brown fluid produced by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and released into the small intestine.
Term
Pepsin
Definition
An enzyme capable of digesting proteins in an acid pH.
Term
Rugae
Definition
Elevations or ridges, as in the mucosa of the stomach.
Term
Plasma
Definition
The fluid portion of the blood.
Term
Haustra
Definition
Small pocketlike sacs in the colon.
Term
Colon
Definition
Last part of the digestive system.
Term
Function of the liver
Definition
Bile production and excretion
Excretion of bilirubin, cholesterol, hormones, and drugs
Metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates
Enzyme activation
Storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals
Synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin, and clotting factors
Blood detoxification and purification
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom
Term
Pleura
Definition
space between the two pleura (visceral and parietal) of the lungs
Term
Sphincter
Definition
a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice
Term
Fibrin
Definition
fibrous, non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood.
Term
Interstitial Fluid
Definition
solution that bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals
Term
Alveoli
Definition
exchange oxygen with red blood cells when the heart's Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular nodes send electric signals to the hearts ventricles.
Term
Calyces
Definition
ca´lyces a cup-shaped organ or cavity, e.g., one of the recesses of the pelvis of the kidney
Term
Sm Intestine
Definition
part of the gastrointestinal tract following the stomach and followed by the large intestine
Term
Thyroid Gland
Definition
controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, and controls how sensitive the body is to other hormones
Term
Adrenal Gland
Definition
devoted to the synthesis of corticosteroid and androgen hormones
Term
Pancreas
Definition
endocrine gland producing several important hormones and a digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that assist the absorption of nutrients and the digestion in the small intestine
Term
Cecum
Definition
The cecum marks the beginning of the large intestine and is basically a big pouch that receives waste material from the small intestine
Term
Ventricle
Definition
one of two large chambers that collect and expel blood received from an atrium towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs
Term
Synaptic Cleft
Definition
This gap acts as a site where neurotransmitters from presynaptic cell (e.g. neuron) are released into by exocytosis and diffuses across to bind with the receptors in the cell membrane of postsynaptic cell.
Term
Axon
Definition
a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. In certain sensory neurons (pseudounipolar neurons), such as those for touch and warmth, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body, and from the cell body to the spinal cord along another branch of the same axon
Term
Ganglion
Definition
a ganglion is a biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies
Term
Diastole
Definition
the period of time when the heart refills with blood after systole ( contraction).
Term
Chyme
Definition
semifluid, creamy material produced by digestion of food
Term
Dendrite
Definition
the branched projections of a neuron that act to conduct the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.
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