Term
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Definition
| body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions |
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Term
| 3 Patterns of Chemical Reactions |
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Definition
combination A + B = AB
decomposition AB = A + B
exchange AB + C = AC + B |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more different kinds of atoms chemically bonded together |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more ingredients physically mixed but not chemically bonded |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
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Term
| homeostatic control system |
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Definition
receptor monitors environment
control center decides action
effector applies control center's response |
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Term
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Definition
| ion that has gained electron(s) |
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Term
| negative feedback mechanism |
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Definition
depresses stimulus
example - shivering to raise body temperature, sweating to lower body temperature |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| To compute molarity or moles per liter |
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Definition
find number of atoms in element,
multiply that number by atomic weight from periodic table, fill a 1 liter container with that amount of element and water needed to make 1 liter fill line |
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Term
| chemical level or organization |
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Definition
atoms combine into molecules
molecules combine into organelles
organelles combine into cells |
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Term
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Definition
| ion that has lost electron(s) |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical reactions ocurring within body cells, regulated by endocrine system |
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Term
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Definition
| breaking down substances into simpler form |
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Term
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Definition
| changing simple nutrients into complex |
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Term
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Definition
| strong bond formed by sharing electrons |
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Term
| factors influencing rate of chemical reactions |
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Definition
C-CEPT
C-concentration
C-catalysts
E-enzymes
P-particle size
T-temperature |
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Term
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Definition
solvent - greater portion
solute - lesser portion |
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Term
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Definition
| homogenous mixture of components |
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Term
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Definition
| sample taken from any part of the substance matches a sample taken from any other part |
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Term
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Definition
| heterogenous mixture, particles will settle, example sand and water |
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Term
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Definition
| a sample taken from one portion of a substance can vary in makeup from a sample taken from another portion of that substance |
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Term
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Definition
neutron - no charge, 1 a.m.u
proton - positive charge, 1 a.m.u.
electron - negative charge, zero a.m.u |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Lesser elements in human body |
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Definition
CAPKS - calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur
NACL - sodium, chlorine
MgIFe-magnesium, iodine, iron |
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Term
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Definition
| weak bond, responsible for surface tension of water |
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Term
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Definition
OxyCarbHyNi
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen |
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Term
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Definition
| different forms of the same atom, differentiated by number of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
chemical-stored in chemical bonds
electrical-movement of charged particles
mechanical-movement of matter
radiant-energy that travels in waves |
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Term
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Definition
| molecules that power cellular activity |
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Term
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Definition
solid-definite shape and volume
liquid-definite volume, changeable shape
gas-changeable volume and shape |
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Term
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Definition
| bonds form using electrons in the outer (valence) shell of the atom |
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Term
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Definition
atomic number=number of protons mass number=total of protons and neutrons atomic weight=average of mass numbers of all isotopes of that element |
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Term
| positive feedback mechanism |
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Definition
accelerates or intensifies a stimulus
example oxytocin intensifies labor contractions |
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Term
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Definition
heterogenous mixture, does not settle.
May change form from a fluid to a gel and vice versa. |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms react in a manner to maintain 8 electrons in the valence shell |
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Term
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Definition
| formed by transfer of electrons rather than sharing of electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| high heat capacity, high heat at vaporization, polar solvent properties, reactivity, cushioning |
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Term
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Definition
dissolves ionic substances
form hydration layers around large charged molecules
serve as body's transport medium |
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Term
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Definition
| inorganic electrolytes - conduct electrical currents |
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Term
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Definition
acid ph 0-6.99
base ph 7.01-14
neutral ph 7.0 |
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Term
| acidic solutions release hydrogen |
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Definition
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Term
| alkaline (base) solutions release oxygen and hydrogen |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| systems that resist large abrupt swings in ph of body fluids |
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Term
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Definition
CLPN
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
| fats and fatty acids, contain carbon, hydrogena and oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
sugars supply cellular food
simple sugars are glucose, fructose, ribose
double sugars (sucrose)
polysaccharides-chains of simple sugars (glycogen, starch) |
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Term
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Definition
triglycerides-subcutaneous tissue and around organs
phospholipids-cell membranes
steroids-cholesterol, bile salts, vit D, sex or adrenal hormones
eicosanoids-prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes
fat soluble vitamins-A, K, E, D
lipoproteins-transport fatty acids and cholesterol in blood stream |
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Term
| structural levels of protein |
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Definition
primary-amino acid sequence
secondary-alpha helices or beta pleated sheets
tertiary-folding of secondary structures
quaternary-polypeptide chains |
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