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A&P Ch 14 Lymphatic
A&P Ch 14 Lymphatic System - Scanlon & Sanders
41
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/08/2011

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Term
lymphatic system functions
Definition
protect body against foreign materials
return tissue fluid to blood
filter plasma to create tissue fluid
Term
lymphatic system components
Definition
lymph
lymph capillaries/vessels
lymph nodes
lymph nodules
spleen
Thymus gland
Term
lymphatic structures
Definition
Pharyngeal tonsils
Palatine tonsils
Lingual tonsils
Term
Spleen
Definition
Oval
in LUQ, between stomach & diaphragm
Term
Spleen functions
Definition
immunity
phagocytosis
storage
hemopoiesis
Term
Thymus
Definition
between lungs in center of chest
produces T cells
shrinks with age
Term
Lymph ducts
Definition
Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct
Term
Lymph flow
Definition
Tissue spaces
lymph capillaries
lymph vessels
lymph nodes
lymph vessels
major lymph duct
subclavian vein
circulatory system
Term
Immunity
Definition
ability to destroy pathogens/foreigh materials
create antigens
Innate immunity
adaptive/acquired immunity
Term
antigens
Definition
chemical markers that identify self vs. non-self
Term
Innate immunity
Definition
Non-specific
has no memory
response is always the same
Term
Adaptive immunity
Definition
specific to a target
may involve antibodies
creates immunity
becomes more effective over time
Term
Cell mediated immunity
Definition
does not produce antibodies
involves T cells (3 types):
helper T cells (CD4)
cytotoxic (killer) T cells (CD8)
memory T cells
Term
Antibody mediated immunity
Definition
produces antibodies
involves B cells
Term
Lymph
Definition
blood plasma that has been filtered through blood capillary walls, through interstitial fluid, and into the lymphatic vessels; a clear fluid contained in lymphatic vessels and tissues
Term
Lymphatic capillaries
Definition
larger in diameter than blood capillaries; very permeable, allowing fluid to flow into them but not out; found in most tissue spaces
Term
Lymph vessels
Definition
tube-like structures that carry lymph; smooth muscle & one-way valves prevent backflow
Term
Lymph nodes functions
Definition
oval structures located along lymphatic vessels
storage for T and B cells, plasma cells and macrophages
masses of lymphatic tissue
foreign material phagocytized by fixed macrophages before returning to blood
Term
Lymph Nodes
Definition
Cervical: drains head & neck
Axillary: arm pits
Term
Lymph Nodules -
Definition
Smaller than nodes
Beneath epithelium of mucous membrane
Near openings to environment
Tonsils
Term
Pharyngeal Tonsils
Definition
pair of almond-shaped masses each located behind the nose and on the roof on the posterior wall of the pharynx; AKA adenoids
Term
Palatine Tonsils
Definition
pair of tonsils each located in the back of the mouth on the lateral walls of the pharynx; AKA tonsils
Term
Lingual Tonsils
Definition
mass of lymph tissue near the root of the tongue
Term
Spleen functions
Definition
plasma cells that produce antibodies
macrophages phagocytize pathogens & old RBC’s
storage of platelets
production of blood cells (hemopoiesis) during fetal life
Term
Right Lymphatic Duct
Definition
Empties to rt. subclavian vein
Term
Thoracic Duct
Definition
Empties to left subclavian vein
Term
Lymph movement
Definition
No pump to force movement
Movement is caused by breathing and by skeletal (smooth) muscle contractions
Movement is slow, one-way valves prevent backflow
Term
Natural Killer Cells
Definition
make direct contact w/pathogens & tumor cells
Inflammation
Term
3 Types of T cells
Definition
helper T cells (CD4) recognize foreign vs. self
Cytotoxic (killer) T cells (CD8) chemically destroy antigen
Memory T cells remember antigen
Term
Adaptive immunity
Definition
involves B cells
Differentiate into plasma cells, then produces antibodies
Form Memory B cells – rapidly respond to previously seen antigens
Antibodies bond to antigen and label for destruction
Term
Acquired Immunity -
Definition
does involve antibodies
Term
Genetic Immunity –
Definition
result of genetic makeup
Term
Active Immunity –
Definition
individual produces own antibodies
Term
Passive Immunity –
Definition
antibodies from another source
Term
Antibody Titer –
Definition
determines level of specific antibody in patient’s blood
Term
Vaccine –
Definition
contains antigen that elicits response like that of pathogen
Term
Allergy / allergen –
Definition
hypersensitivity to particular antigen
Term
1.Which type of lymphatic structures are tonsils?
Definition
a.Lymph nodules
Term
From which does lymph form?
Definition
a.blood plasma filtered through tissues
Term
Which lymphatic structure produces blood cells during fetal life?
Definition
a.spleen
Term
Through which does lymph return from the majority of the body and empty into the left subclavian vein?
Definition
a.thoracic duct
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