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A&P 2 Female Reproductive System
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66
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/26/2012

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Term
What is the primary female reproductive organ?
Definition
ovaries
Term
What 2 things hold the ovaries in place?
Definition
ovarian ligaments
suspensory ligaments
Term
ovarian ligament is ________ attachment to the ________.
Definition
medial
uterus
Term
suspensory ligament is _________ attachment to the _________.
Definition
lateral
body wall
Term
Ovaries function in...
Definition
gamete production
Term
cortex of the ovaries contain
Definition
follicles
Term
What type of epithelium is the ovaries surrounded by?
Definition
germinal epithelium (simple cuboidal)
Term
What do follicles contain?
Definition
developing eggs
Term
What are the 7 stages of follicular development?
Definition
1. primordial follicle
2. primary follicle
3. secondary follicle
4. graafian follicle
5. rupture of follicle
6. corpus luteum
7. corpus albicans
Term
What produces an estrogen surge?
Definition
graafian or vesicular follicles
Term
What produces a progesterone surge?
Definition
corpus luteum
Term
The vagina is a ...
Definition
short muscular tube lined with mucus membrane
Term
The vagina is _______ to keep it free of ________.
Definition
acidic
infection
Term
What are the 3 functions of the vagina?
Definition
1. copulation
2. birth canal
3. passageway for menses
Term
The vagina is analogous to
Definition
the penis
Term
The uterus is also known as the
Definition
womb
Term
The uterus is a...
Definition
pear shaped, hollow, muscular organ
Term
What position is the uterus in?
Definition
bent position
Term
What holds the uterus in place?
Definition
mesometrium
cardinal ligament
round ligament
uterosacral ligament
Term
The _______ is continuous with the vagina and lined with _________
Definition
cervix
mucus membrane
Term
The cervix opens up to the vagina via _______ and opens up to the uterus via _________.
Definition
external os
internal os
Term
The body of the uterus contains
Definition
the uterine cavity (largest portion of the uterus)
Term
Perimetrium (3)
Definition
visceral peritoneum
outer layer
surrounds all but cervix
Term
Myometrium
Definition
smooth muscle tissue
middle layer
thickest layer
Term
Endometrium
Definition
mucus membrane
divided into stratum basalis and functionalis
Term
Fundus
Definition
uppermost muscular region of the uterus
Term
Stratum basalis
Definition
base layer
always present
Term
Stratum functionalis
Definition
functional layer
shed during menstruation
thickens to prepare for implantation
thickens due to progesterone
Term
Where is the site of implantation?
Definition
endometrium
Term
Where is the site of fetal development?
Definition
uterine cavity
Term
Fallopian tubes aka...
Definition
uterine tubes or oviduct
Term
Function of the fimbriae
Definition
catches and directs mature egg into fallopian tubes
Term
Function of the ampulla
Definition
site of fertilization
Term
Function of cilia
Definition
moves fertilized egg to uterus for implantation
Term
Function of fallopian tubes
Definition
reabsorbs unfertilized egg
Term
What is the name for external genetalia?
Definition
vulva
Term
Mons pubis
Definition
elevated area of adipose ct
above pubic bone
covered w/ hair
Term
Labia majora
Definition
2 larger outer folds of skin
covered w/ hair
Term
labia minora
Definition
2 smaller inner folds of skin
hair-free
Term
clitoris is made of
Definition
erectile tissue
Term
labia minora forms boundary of
Definition
vestibule
Term
labia majora forms boundary of
Definition
vulva
Term
labia majora is homologous to
Definition
scrotum
Term
clitoris is homologous to
Definition
penis
Term
how long is the clitoris?
Definition
4-5 inches
Term
vestibule
Definition
entryway to urethral/vaginal orifices
Term
Where are Bartholins glands located?
Definition
lateral to vaginal orifice
Term
What glands are Bartholins?
Definition
exocrine
Term
Function of Bartholins glands?
Definition
produce secretions to lubricate vestibule and vaginal orifice
Term
Where is the perineum located?
Definition
between vaginal opening and anus
Term
episiotomy
Definition
cutting of the perineum to enlarge vaginal opening during labor
Term
Mammary glands (breasts) divided into
Definition
15-25 lobes
Term
glandular alveoli
Definition
milk producing structures
Term
lactiferous ducts
Definition
carry milk out of the breasts thru the nipple
Term
areola
Definition
pigmented area surrounding the nipple
Term
the areola contains _________ glands tthat keep the nipple from ________ and ________.
Definition
sebaceous
cracking
chapping
Term
lactiferous sinuses
Definition
store milk
Term
Endometriosis
Definition
presence of endometrial tissue outside of the reproductive system
Term
Endometriosis is major cause of
Definition
infertility in women
Term
Ectopic pregnancy
Definition
implantation of fertilized egg anywhere but in the uterus (most commonly in fallopian tubes)
Term
Cervical Cancer caused by
Definition
HPV (human pappiloma virus)
Term
cervical cancer most common in
Definition
1. women who engage in sexual intercourse before 18
2. women who smoke
3. women with low socioeconomic status
4. women who have more than 1 partner in a lifetime
5. women over 50
Term
how is cervial cancer detected?
Definition
by a pap smear
Term
Where is breast cancer most commonly found?
Definition
glandular alveoli
adipose tissue
lactiferous ducts
connective tissue
Term
How is brest cancer detected?
Definition
monthly self exams
mammograms
Term
How is breast cancer treated?
Definition
prophalactic treatments like tamoxifen and/or removal of healthy breasts
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