Term
|
Definition
| Belief that a part of the country is more important than the country as a whole. This was an issue prior to the Civil War. Northerners and Southerners cared more about themselves than the U.S. as a whole. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Citizens of the area decide upon their own laws. Prior to the Civil War, Kansas, Nebraska, and other territories got to vote for whether or not they wanted slavery. This led to violence in Kansas. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This decision allowed California to enter the Union as a free state and for New Mexico and Utah to have popular sovereignty. It also created the Fugitive Slave Act. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stated that escaped slaves were to be captured anywhere in the U.S. and anyone not helping this effort could be jailed and/or fined. Northerners hated this law. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An influential book of fiction by Harriet Beecher Stowe, it explained what slavery was like to many people in the North who read it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, which convinces many Northerners to become abolitionists. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This law revisited the Missouri Compromise of 1820. It stated that Kansas and Nebraska, previuosly determined to become free states, could now vote for whether or not they wanted slavery in exchange for building the transcontinental railroad in the North. Leads to the "Bleeding Kansas" event. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This civil war in Kansas in 1855-56 killed over 200 people. Pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces moved to Kansas to vote for their point of views and stayed to fight. John Brown and followers killed 5. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A radical abolitionist, he first five killed people in Kansas and then moved to the unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, VA. Was hanged on December 2, 1859. View as a hero in the North and a terrorist in the South. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This Supreme Court case split the country. Scott was a slave who sued his owner for freedom on the grounds that he served as a slave in a free state and territory. The Court stated that not only would Scott remain a slave, but that the Missouri Compromise (which banned slavery in some areas) was unconstitutional. This meant slavery was now legal everywhere in the U.S. |
|
|
Term
| Raid on Harper's Ferry, VA |
|
Definition
| John Brown and a band of followers hoped to create a slave rebellion by capturing a federal armory at Harper's Ferry, VA and handing out weapons to slaves. However, the attack was a failure when no slaves showed up to get the weapons. Brown and his men were captured and sentenced, many to death. This further spit the North and South because the South was thinking that Northerners were now attacking them on their soil. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A major cause of the Civil War. The South rightfully felt that they had little say in the federal government because they were outnumbered in the House and Senate and Lincoln was elected even though he wasn't on the ballot in much of the South. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The final straw for the South. Abraham Lincoln, who promised to stop the spread of slavery, was elected even though he wasn't even on the ballot in much of the South. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elected to the Presidency in 1860. His election caused the South to leave the Union. He promised to stop the spread of slavery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This term refers to the South leaving the Union and forming the Confederate States of America. |
|
|
Term
| Confederate States of America |
|
Definition
| This was the country consisting of cotton producing states in the South would declared freedom from the U.S. Members were TX, SC, NC, LA, GA, VA, MS, and TN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first (and only) President of the Confederate States of America, he was from Mississippi and generally unpopular. |
|
|
Term
| Economic Differences Between the North and South |
|
Definition
The North was very diverse (involved in many things). The North was a center for banking, shipping, transportation, farming, and industry (factories).
The South was primary focused on an agrarian (farming) lifestyle. This was due to the climate. The South could grow things all year around. |
|
|
Term
| Cultural Differences Between the North and South |
|
Definition
The North had many immigrants, and so its population was quite diverse (different). People spoke different languages and were many different religions. Life tended to move faster in the North because of a focus on factory production.
Life in the South was slower due to a focus on farming. In addition, there were only two types of people - white protestants and black slaves. Almost everyone worked on farms in the South. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Slaves were used primarily on southern farms and plantation for the harvesting of cotton and tobacco. The number of slaves was actually declining until the cotton gin was created, making cotton far more profitable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The goal of abolitionists was to ban slavery. Most abolitionists were Northerners were slavery was not prevalent. Abolitionists include Harriet Tubman (UGRR), Frederick Douglass (Lectures and Slave Narrative), William Lloyd Garrison (The Liberator), and John Brown (violence). |
|
|
Term
| Charles Sumner attacked by Preston Brooks in Senate |
|
Definition
| Charles Sumner, a Senator from Massachusetts, gave a speech critical of slavery,specifically pointing out slave owners in Senate such as Andrew Butler. Butler's nephew, Congressman Preston Brooks, came to his uncle's defense and attacked Sumner, hitting him with a cane. Southerners applauded the attack, while Northerners were upset at violence by lawmakers. If lawmakers resort to violence, what chance does the rest of the country have at a peaceful solution to slavery? |
|
|
Term
| Distrust between North and South |
|
Definition
Northerners and Southerners were split on the issue of slavery and control of the federal government.
Northerners felt slavery was wrong and that he federal government needed to at least stop it from spreading to the west.
Southerners felt the federal government was taking away states' rights to rule themselves. They also counted upon slaver labor to harvest the profitable cotton crop and feared what would happen if 3 to 6 million slaves were set free without jobs, homes, education, or money. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| On April 12, 1861, this U.S. fort in the bay off of Charleston, South Carolina came under attack by Confederate forces on the order of President Jefferson Davis of the Confederacy. While no one was killed in the fighting, it marks the first time the North and South engaged in direct fighting. Thus Fort Sumter is considered the first battle of the Civil War. |
|
|
