Term
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Definition
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
3-4 coccygeal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| legs that are posterior to corpus |
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Term
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Definition
| opening(hole)immediately posterior to the corpus |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior projection from lamina(thin broad sheet of bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| left aand right projection from lamina |
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Term
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Definition
| connects adjacent vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| passageway for blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
support the skull for rotation
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
long spinous process
-transverse foramen
nerves and blood vessels lie in the foramen traveling up the vertebral column into the skull
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Term
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Definition
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Term
intervertebral joints
*cartligenous/amphiarthrodial joints |
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Definition
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Term
| Diathrodial (synovial) joint |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connecting lower extremities to axia(vertebral column) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inferior-most bone
of pelvic girdle |
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Term
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Definition
| sternum: midline connector for clavicle and ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| 12 ribs 10 attach to sternum |
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Term
rib and rib cage
true ribs |
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Definition
# 1-7
direct connect sternum |
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Term
rib and rib cage
false ribs |
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Definition
# 8-10
attach to cartilaginous portion running superiorly up to sternum |
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Term
ribs and rib cage
floating ribs |
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Definition
11 and 12
no anterior connection |
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Term
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Definition
| manubrium sterni, corpus, xiphoid |
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Term
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Definition
| nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx |
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Term
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Definition
| articualtion points for chondral portions of ribs 2-10 |
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Term
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Definition
| trachea and bronchi are what respiratory tract? |
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Term
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Definition
11-12cm long tube
16-20 c-shaped rings
*hyaline cartilage
externally: fibroelastic membrane
internally: mucous membrane lining |
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Term
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Definition
*point of bifurcation
*2 main stern bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| protection of respiratory tract |
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Definition
mucus membranes, cilia/hair
*nasal hair/ mucous
*upper respiratory system |
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Term
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Definition
| elastic and fibrous tissues |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inner lining of thoracic cavity |
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Term
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Definition
breathing in
active process
quiet inspiration-1 muscle
-forced inspiration-many muscles
*primarily in thoracic/neck regions |
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Term
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Definition
breathing out
usaully passive
-forced expiration requires muscles
----primarily in abdominal region |
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Term
| primary muscles of inhalation |
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Definition
diaphragm
internal intercostals
external intercostals |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction-->flatten diaphragm by pulling central tendon down/foward---> increases size of thoracic caivity; compress abdominal cavity |
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Term
external intercostals muscles
(primary muscles od inhalation) |
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Definition
| elevates ribs; up in transverse volume of thorax |
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Term
internal intercostals muscles
(primary muscles of inhalation) |
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Definition
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation anterios thoracic
pectoralis major |
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Definition
| elevates sternum and anterios ribs |
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation anterios thoracic
pectoralis minor |
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Definition
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation anterios thoracic
subclavis |
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Definition
| fixed clavicle/ elevates rib 1 |
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation anterios thoracic
serratus anterior |
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Definition
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Term
| accessory muscles of inhalation posterior thoracic lateral ilicostalis cervicis |
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Definition
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation posterior thoracic
lateral ilicostalis thoracis (dorsi) |
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Definition
| stabilizes posterior rib to cage wall |
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation posterior thoracic
latissimus dorsi |
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Definition
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation posterior thoracic
levatores costarum-brevis |
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Definition
| elevates posterior rib cage 1-12 |
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation posterior thoracic
levatores costarum-longis |
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Definition
| elevates lower posterior ribs 9-12 |
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation posterior thoracic
serratus posterior superior |
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Definition
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation neck
scalenes |
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Definition
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Term
accessory muscles of inhalation neck
sternocleidomastiod |
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Definition
| elevates sternum and clavicle and elevates ribcage, allows turning neck in opposite direction |
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Term
muscles of forced exhalation
abdomen |
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Definition
| insertion points along rib cage, pelvic girdle |
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Term
muscles of forcedexhalation
abdominal/aponeurosis |
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Definition
large flat tendonious sheath
-insertion point for abdominal muscles |
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Term
muscles of forced exhalation
anterior abdominal aponeurosis |
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Definition
-linea alba(white line)
-linea semilunaris(lateral to linea alba, just lateral to rectus abdominus) |
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Term
muscles of forced exhalation primary
exteranl oblique |
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Definition
| depress lower ribs;compress abdomen |
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Term
muslces of forced exhalation primary
internal obilique |
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Definition
| depress lower ribs; compress abdomen |
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Term
muslces of forced exhalation primary
transverse abdoiminis |
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Definition
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Term
muscles of forced exhalation primary
rectus abdominis |
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Definition
| depress lower ribs & compress abdomen |
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Term
muscles of exhalation
secondary
internal intercostals |
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Definition
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Term
muscles of exhalation secondary
latissimus dorsi |
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Definition
| compress lower wall of rib cage |
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Term
muscles of exhalation secondary
lateral iliocostalis thoracis |
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Definition
| stabilize posterior rib cage |
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Term
muscles of exhalation secondary
lateral iliocostalis lumborum |
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Definition
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Term
muscles of exhalation secondary
serratus posterior inferior |
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Definition
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Term
muscles of exhalation secondary
transversus thoracis
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Definition
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Term
muscles of exhalation secondary
quadratus lumborum
3X4 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
spongy, porous elastice tissue
-minimal smooth muscles
-passive tissue (cannot expand/contract on its own) |
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Term
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Definition
25 million in babies
300 million in adults (8 or older)
type 1 cells: epthelia cells
type 2 cells: produce surfactant
phagocytes: "cleaning" cells |
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Term
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Definition
exchange of gas between organism and environment
-inspiration/inhalation
-expiraton/exhaltion
primary purpose: survival
secondary:speech |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pressure in relevant open space |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| diaphragm+TRHORACIC/shoulder/neck muscles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abdominal and lower back muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| elasticity, torque, intra-abdominal pressure, gravity |
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Term
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Definition
lungs:stretched even in relaxed position
inhalation--> further stretching
stop forces-->elastic recoil to orignal position
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Term
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Definition
twisting 1 end of a shaft
-eliminate force of twist--> return to original position |
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Term
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Definition
| capable of beig twisted, spring back when twisting forces are removed |
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Term
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Definition
| elasticity, torque, intr-abdominal pressure, gravity |
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Term
| gas exchange: movement of air in repiratory pathways |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| air noramlly exhanged in 1 repiratory cycle |
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Term
inspiratory reserve volume
(irv) |
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Definition
| vol. air inhaled after quiet tidal inhalation |
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Term
| expiratory reserve volume(erv) |
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Definition
VOL air after passive, tidal expiration
resting lung volume
(after normal exhalation) |
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Term
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Definition
VOL. air remaining in lungs after max exhalation
remains in lungs stretched by pleural linings |
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Term
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Definition
vol air in respiratory passages not involved in gas exchange
---never makes it to lungs |
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Term
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Definition
capacity of air available for speech production
TV+IRV+ERV=4000 cc |
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Term
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Definition
maxium inspiratory volume after tidal expiration
(IRV+TV) |
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Term
functional residual capacity
(FRC) |
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Definition
volume remaining in body after tidal/passive exhalation (ERV+RV)
*after we breathe in, what we push out |
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Term
total lung capacity
(TLC) |
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Definition
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