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| defines the laws, principles, organization, and processes of a government |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| created a loose alliance of 13 independent states in 1777; each state had one vote; had no executive to carry out laws; had no power to tax or raise money; had no court system |
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| made it clear in 1215 that English monarchs had to obey the law and could not raise taxes without consulting the Great Council (Parliament). |
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| set up a system for admitting new territories and admitting new states in 1787 |
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| protects basic liberties of citizens; first ten amendments to the Constitution ratified in 1791 |
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| settlement in which each side gives up some of its demands in order to reach an agreement |
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| keeps any group or person from gaining too much power |
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| give up any claim to territory |
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| carry out; do what is required |
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| population of 60,000 free settlers |
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| requirement for territory to become a state |
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| had to ratify the Constitution before it could become law |
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| taught the value of public service |
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| 3 branches of government, two-house legislature with seats awarded by population; favored by large states |
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| three branches of government, one-house legislature with equal representation (one vote) for each state; favored by small states |
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| Each state would have two votes in the Senate, but representation in the House of Representatives would be based on population. |
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| A state's population count would include 60% of their slaves |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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| All states except Rhode Island sent a representative to revise the Articles of Confederation 1787 |
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| In 1786 it demonstrated that the Articles of Confederation were not working. |
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| leaders such as James Madison and Thomas Jefferson who laid the groundwork for the United States |
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| government in which citizens rule themselves through elected representatives |
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| idea that no person could be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime |
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| In 1689 it required elections of law makers, trial by jury, right to bear arms, and the right of habeas corpus. |
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| In 1690, stated that all people have natural rights (life, liberty, and property), that government is an agreement between the ruler and the ruled, and that people have a right to rebel if the ruler violates their natural rights. |
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| favored a strong central government; included James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay |
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| felt the Constitution made the national government too strong and the states too weak; included Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, and Mercy Otis Warren |
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| explained and defended the Constitution; essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. |
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