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8. Quality Management
Terms and Definitions
49
Computer Networking
Professional
10/24/2015

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Term
Benchmarking
Definition
The comparison of a current product to industry standards or past standards to attain a measurements of Baseline.
Term
Conformance to Requirement
Definition
The point where the project and product meet the standards of the written specifications defined at project inception (or modified through change control.)
Term
Cost of Non-conformance
Definition
Cost associated with not meeting quality expectations of the projector product.
Term
Defect
Definition
A problem or error in the creation of the work of the project.
Term
Defect Repair
Definition
The process of correcting or improving an error in the creation of the project.
Term
Fitness for Usa
Definition
A product that can be used as it was intended when designed.
Term
Flowcharts
Definition
Diagrams that display the connectivity of pieces of a system.
Term
Grade
Definition
A ranking to classify products that have different functions or features.
Term
Kaizen
Definition
A technique that takes a proactive stance to process development, one that makes improvements throughout a process as time evolves.
Term
Mean
Definition
The average value in measurement of a population.
Term
Performance
Definition
The level of success at which a product performs its intended use.
Term
Prevention Cost
Definition
Cost of planning and executing a project within an acceptable range of error (or error free.)
Term
Process Adjustments
Definition
Adjustments made to modify the output of a process to achieve a better degree of quality.
Term
Quality
Definition
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfill requirements.
Term
Quality Control
Definition
Observing project results to verify they meet the applicable quality standards while attempting to improve overall quality.
Term
Reliability
Definition
The likelihood of a product or service to function as planned.
Term
Seven Run Rule
Definition
A rule that states if seven connective data points are on one side of the mean (above or below) or increasing/decreasing, then the process is out of control and should be investigated.
Term
Sigma
Definition
A measurement of acceptability of a product or process.
Term
Special Cause
Definition
A non-random or intermittent variable in a system.
Term
Specification Limits
Definition
The area on the sides of a mean of a control chart that the customer has established as acceptable limits for testing; can be above or below but not between the control limits.
Term
Statistical Sampling
Definition
Selecting a section of the population to use for a measurement (instead of the entire population.)
Term
Value Engineering (VE)
Definition
A technique which emphasizes executing the project and total cost of ownership over the product life cycle as effectively as possible.
Term
ISO 9000
Definition
Developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as a means to plan, control, and document processes, and overall improve quality.
Term
Pareto Analysis
Definition
Identification of the few problems that have the most occurrence on a measurement in a system/project, etc.
Term
Quality Planning
Definition
The identification of applicable quality standards and how to attain them on the project or product.
Term
Brainstorming (Technique)
Definition
A data generating technique which includes team members or subject matter experts for the purpose of solving project problems, identifying project risk, and planning related activities.
Term
Control Limits
Definition
The aea of measurement three standard deviations (or Sigma) from the mean on a control chart.
Term
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) (Technique)
Definition
A process that analyzes every failure mode in every piece of a product. The analysis is then reviewed for impact on every aspect of the system.
Term
Features
Definition
The characteristics that the user desires built into a product.
Term
Fishbone Diagrams
Definition
(Ishikawa Diagrams) Diagrams that break down possible areas for failure in a process and allow analysis of impact for the area, sometimes considered an ideal tool for root cause analysis.
Term
Flowcharting (Technique)
Definition
A decomposition approach to breaking a system or process into block steps that can be repeated by following the diagram.
Term
Ishikawa Diagrams
Definition
Diagrams that break down possible areas for failure in a process and allow analysis of impact for the area; considered an idea tool for root cause analysis.
Term
Normal Distribution
Definition
A bell-shaped curve that is in sync, with the mean of the population.
Term
Parametric Estimating (Technique)
Definition
An estimating technique that utilizes historical or industry data to create an estimate based on parameters such as a per unit or size variable.
Term
Pareto Chart (Tool)
Definition
A histogram that allows prioritization of problem areas on a project, system, etc.
Term
Population
Definition
The entire group of similar criteria (Ex: All Americans, all owners of a particular products.)
Term
Procedure
Definition
A set of activities completed in a certain order to accomplish a desired objective.
Term
Process
Definition
A set of activities completed in a certain order to create a product, result or service.
Term
Quality Assurance
Definition
The periodic analysis of project performance, to verify that the project will meet the applicable quality standards.
Term
Quality Audits
Definition
Reviews of quality activities that apply to lessons learned and can be applied to current and future projects.
Term
Rework
Definition
Actions used to modify/repair defective products to come within specifications of the desire process outcome.
Term
Root Cause Analysis (Technique)
Definition
A technique that is used to discover what is an underlying problem or defect or variance with a system or product.
Term
Sample
Definition
A part of the population used for a measurement (instead of the entire population)
Term
Standard Deviation
Definition
The measurement of a variation within a distribution.
Term
Threshhold
Definition
A value related to the project such as scope, time, cost, or quality that if crossed, activates some type of report, action, or procedure.
Term
Conformance
Definition
Creation and delivery of a product that has met the specified requirements and conformance (or functionality) of use.
Term
Control Chart
Definition
A graph of data that shows the measurement of a process over elapsed time.
Term
Design of Experiment
Definition
A process that examines which variables have a greatest outcome on a process or product.
Term
Specifications
Definition
A document (or piece of document) that describes the requirements that something is to be created by or performed to as well as verifiable when it has been created.
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