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2FF3 Final
ahjlag
16
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/17/2010

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Coronary Arteries
Definition
[image]
Term
Coronary Veins
Definition
[image]
Term
Heart Wall & Pericardium
Definition
[image]
Term
3 Functions of the Fibrous Skeleton
Definition

1) Allows valves to keep certain diameter

2) Allows all muscles of heart to have attachment point (spiral attachment to squeeze heart when pumping)

3) Acts as conduction insulator between atria and ventricles

Term

Formation of Interatrial Septum

(according to Bayer)

Definition

1) Septum primum comes from atrial roof and the endocardial cushion. Hole formed in middle is foramen primum.

2) A second perforation in the septum primum forms foramen secundum (above first one)

3) Foramen primum now closed.

4) Septum secundum forms from top & bottom on right of septum primum, overlaps with but doesn't close off the foramen secundum.

5) The top part of septum primum is gone. Bottom part of septum primum = valve of foramen ovale.

6) Hole in the septum secundum = foramen ovale.

Term
Acyanotic Congenital Heart Defects
Definition
[image]
Term
Cyanotic Heart Defects
Definition
[image]
Term
ECG & Pressures in the Heart
Definition
[image]
Term
Cardiac Phases & Ventricle Volumes
Definition
[image]
Term

Stoke Volume

 

Cardiac Output

Definition

SV = EDV - ESV

SV = 70 mL/beat

 

CO = HR x SV

CO = 5.25L/min

Term
Factors Regulating Stroke Volume
Definition

1) Preload: degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts (proportional to EDV)

2) Contractility: Forcefulness of contraction of individual muscle fibers (influx of Ca2+)

3) Afterload: Pressure ventricles must overcome before the semilunar valves open (approx. 80 mmHg in aorta)

Term
[image]
Definition

Artery:

Intima: Endothelium, basement membrane, internal elastic lamina

Media: Smooth muscle cells, elastin & collagen, external elastic lamina

Adventitia: Loose connective tissue, vaso vasorum

 

Vein:

No internal/external elastic lamina

Valves to prevent blood backflow

 

Term
Dynamics of Capillary Exchange
Definition
[image]
Term
Functions of Blood
Definition

  1. Transportation - O2, CO2, metabolic wastes, nutrients, heat, hormones
  2. Regulation - pH, temperatures, water content in cells
  3. Protection of disease & loss of blood

Term
Hemostasis
Definition

  1. Vascular Spasm - vasoconstriction (SMC)
  2. Platelet plug formation: adhesion (damaged endothelium = thrombogenic surface, platelets adhering to collagen fibers), platelet release reaction (activated platelets release ADP, serotonin, thromboxane A2 - activates nearby platelets & functions as vasoconstrictor to decrease blood flow) and platelet aggregation (ADP release makes other platelets sticky, accumulation forms platelet plug)
  3. Blood clot (coagulation)

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