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2130, lab exam 1
ex. 32
81
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/11/2007

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Term
tunica intima/interna
Definition
the coat of blood vessels which lines the lumen of a vessel, a single thin layer of endothelium, helps decrease resistance to blood flow
Term
tunica media
Definition
the more bulky middle coat and is composed of primarily smooth muscle and elastin
Term
tunica externa/adventitia
Definition
the outermost tunic, composed of areolar or fibrous connective tissue. Its function is basically supportive and protective.
Term
brachiocephalic trunk
Definition
"arm-head." the first branch of the aortic arch, soon divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery.
Term
common carotid arteries
Definition
on each side, divide into an internal carotid artery to serve the brain, and an external to supply the extracranial tissues of the neck and head
Term
vertbral artery
Definition
from subclavian, runs up the posterior neck to supply the cerebellum, brain stem, and posterior cerebral hemispheres.
Term
thyrocervical trunk
Definition
from subclavians, serves the theyroid gland and some scapular muscles
Term
costocervical trunk
Definition
from subclavian, supplies deep neck muscles and some of the upper intercostal muscles
Term
axillary artery
Definition
gives off several branches to the chest wall and shoulder girdle
Term
thoracoacromial
Definition
to shoulder and pectoral region
Term
lateral thoracic artery
Definition
lateral chest wall
Term
subscapular artery
Definition
to scapula and dorasal thorax
Term
anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Definition
to the shoulder and deltoid muscle
Term
brachial artery
Definition
gives off a deep branch, and as it nears the elbow it gives off several small branches, the ulnar collateral arteries
Term
internal thoracic (mammary) arteries
Definition
arise from the subclavian arteries supply the mammary glands, most of the thorax wall, and anterior intercostal structures via their anterior intercostal artery branches. The first two pairs of posterior intercostal arteries arise fromt he costocervical trunk
Term
celiac trunk
Definition
an unpaired artery that subdivides almost immediately into three branches: left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries
Term
left gastric artery
Definition
supplies the stomach
Term
splenic artery
Definition
supplies the spleen
Term
common hepatic artery
Definition
branches to the stomach, duodenum, and pancreas
Term
hepatic artery proper
Definition
serves the liver
Term
right and left fastroepiploic arteries
Definition
serve the left curvature of the stomach
Term
renal arteries
Definition
supply kidneys
Term
gonadal arteries
Definition
supply the gonads (ovarian and testicular)
Term
inferior mesenteric artery
Definition
supplies the distal half of the large intestine via several branches
Term
lumbar arteries
Definition
supply the posterior abdominal wall
Term
internal iliac artery
Definition
supplies the gluteal muscles, adductor muscles of medial thigh, external genitalia
Term
superior and inferior gluteal arteries
Definition
serve the gluteal muscles, branch from the internal iliac
Term
obturator artery
Definition
serves the adductor muscles, arises from the internal iliac
Term
external iliac artery
Definition
supplies the anterior abdominal wall and lower limb
Term
femoral artery
Definition
main artery in the thigh
Term
circumflex femoral arteries
Definition
supply the head and neck of the femur and the hamstring muscles
Term
deep femoral artery
Definition
supplies the posterior thigh
Term
popliteal artery
Definition
main artery in knee region
Term
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Definition
supply the leg, ankle and foot, posterior supplies flexor muscles
Term
fibular artery
Definition
serves the lateral calf
Term
lateral and medial plantar arteries
Definition
supply blood to the sole of the food
Term
coomon iliac veins
Definition
drain venous blood from the legs and pelvis
Term
internal iliac vein
Definition
drains the pelvis
Term
external iliac vein
Definition
drains the lower limb
Term
anterior and posterior tibial veins
Definition
serve the calf and food
Term
great saphenous vein
Definition
a superficial vein, the longest vein in the body, extends up the medial side of the leg, knee, and thigh to empty into the femoral vein.
Term
small saphenous vein
Definition
runs along the lateral aspect of the foot and through the calf muscle, which it drains, and then empties into the popliteal vein at the knee.
Term
renal veins
Definition
drain kidneys
Term
right suprarenal vein
Definition
receives blood fromt he adrenal gland on the same side, drains into the inferior vena cava
Term
left suprarenal vein
Definition
empties into the left renal vein inferiorly
Term
right and left hepatic veins
Definition
drain the liver
Term
internal jugular veins
Definition
large veins that drain the superior sagittal sinus and other dural sinuses of the brain, receive blood fromt he head and neck via the supericial temporal and facial veins.
Term
vertebral veins
Definition
drain the posterior aspect of the head: cervical vertebrae and spinal cord
Term
external jugular vein
Definition
joins the subclavian vein near its origin to return the drainage of the extracrainial dissues of the head and neck.
Term
cephalic vein
Definition
superficial venous drainage of the arm, courses along the lateral aspect of the arm and empties into the axillary vein
Term
basilic vain
Definition
in medial aspect of the arm
Term
median cubital vein
Definition
runs between the cepalic and basilic veins in the anterior aspect of the elbow, often the site of choice for removing blood for testing purposes
Term
median antibrachial vein
Definition
lies between the radial and ulnar veins, and terminates variably by entering the cephalic or basilic vein at the elbow
Term
azygos system
Definition
drains the intercostal muscles of the thorax and provides an accessory venous system to drain the abominal wall
Term
azygos vein
Definition
drains the right side of the thorax, enters the dorsal aspect of the superior vena cava immediately before that vessel enters the right atrium.
Term
hemiazygoes and accessory hemiazygoes veins
Definition
trogether drain the left side of the thorzx and empty into the azygoes vein
Term
bronchial arteries
Definition
functional blood supply of the lungs, diverge fromt he thoracic portion of the descending aorta
Term
pulmonary trunk
Definition
leaves the right ventricle and divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries, whic hplunge into the lungs, where they subdivide into lobar arteries, three on the right and two on the left
Term
loabar arteries
Definition
accompany the main bronchi into the lobes of the lungs and branch extensively within the lungs to form arterioles, which terminate in the capillary networks surrounding the alveolar sacs of the lungs.
Term
pulmonary capillaries
Definition
drained by venules, which converge to form sequentially larger veins to the four pulmonary veins.
Term
hepatic portal vein
Definition
drain the digestive viscera, spleen, and pancreas and deliver this blood to the liver for processing.
Term
inferior mesenteric vein
Definition
drains the distal portions of the large intestine
Term
splenic vein
Definition
drains the spleen and part of the pancreas and stomach
Term
superior mesenteric vein
Definition
receives blood fromt he small intestine and the ascending and transverse colon
Term
left gastric vein
Definition
drains the lesser curvature of the stomach
Term
umbilical vein
Definition
carries blood rich in nutrients and O2 to the fetus
Term
umbilical arteries
Definition
carry CO2 and waste-laden blood from the feus to the placenta
Term
ductus venosus
Definition
a shunt vessel which carries the blood to the right atrium of the heart
Term
foramen ovale
Definition
a flaplike opening in the interatrial septum
Term
ductus arteriosus
Definition
a second shunt, ashort vessel connecting the pulmonary trunk and the aorta
Term
fossa ovalis
Definition
the remainder of the foramen ovale, which closes at birth
Term
ligamentum arteriosum
Definition
remainder of the ductus arteriosus, which collapses at birth.
Term
medial umbilical ligaments
Definition
remnants of the umbilical arteries on the inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall
Term
internal carotid arteries
Definition
branches of the common carotid arteries, go deep through the neck along the pharynx, get to the brain through the caratid canals of the temporal bone
Term
anterior and middle cerebral arteries
Definition
supply the bulk of the cerebrum, and contribute the the formation of the circle of Willis
Term
anterior and middle cerebral arteries
Definition
supply the bulk of the cerebrum, and contribute the the formation of the circle of Willis
Term
circle of Willis
Definition
an arterial anastromosis at the base of the brain surrounding the pituitary gland and the optic chiasma
Term
posterior communicating artery
Definition
on each side of the optic chiasma and pituitary gland
Term
anterior communicating artery
Definition
between the anterior cerbral arteries, very small!
Term
vertebral arteries
Definition
unite to form the basilar artery, which serves the pons, cerebellum, and inner ear
Term
posterior cerberal arteries:
Definition
divisions of the basilar artery at the base of the cerebrum, which supply portionas of the temporal and occipital lobes of the cerebrum and also become part of the circle of willis by joining with the posterior communicating arteries.
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