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Definition
| half the normal chromosome number "n." from meiosis. |
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Definition
| process of gamete formation, reduces the chromosome number by half |
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Definition
| genes for the same traits |
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Definition
| fertilized egg with 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes |
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Definition
| (2n): 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| nuclear division process of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| produces gametes with the reduced (haploid) chromosomal number, a specialized type of nuclear division, occurs in the ovars and testes during gametogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
| homologous tetrads synapse and form chiasmata |
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Definition
| homologues separate, taking pieces of the other with them from the chiasmata, and form daughter cells |
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Definition
| centromeres of the daughter cells break and form daughter cells, haploid. |
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| primitive stem cells of sperm, found at the tubule periphery, begin meiotic divisions at puberty under the influence of FSH |
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Definition
| destined to undergo meiosis and become four sperm cells |
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Definition
| haploid cells that are the actual product of meiosis, but not functional gametes. non-motile cells w/ too much excess baggage |
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Definition
| haploid cells that are the actual product of meiosis, but not functional gametes. non-motile cells w/ too much excess baggage |
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Term
| sustentacular/sertoli cell |
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Definition
| a spermatid embedded in an elongated cell type, which extends inward from the periphery of the tubule. Nourishes the spermatids as they begin their transformation into sperm |
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Term
| Interstitial cells/leydig cells |
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Definition
| lie external to and between the seminiferous tubules. LH prompts these cells to produce testosterone, which acts synergistically with FSH to stimulate sperm production |
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Term
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Definition
| contains enzymed involved in sperm penetration of the egg, is anterior to the nucleus of the sperm. |
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Term
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Definition
| cells which form a layer in a saclike structure surrounding an immature ovum |
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Definition
| the name for the cells of the follicle when there is more than one layer |
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| primitive stem cells, located in the ovarian cortices of the developing female fetus |
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Definition
| follicles within the fetus which contain a single layer of squamouslike follicle cells |
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Definition
| increased size from oogonia, in the prophase stage of meiosis I |
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Term
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Definition
| contains cuboidal instead of squamous cells, and produces estrogens. |
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Definition
| one of the haploid daughter cells of the primary oocyte, which contains almost all the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| the other daughter cell without cytoplasm, eventually disintegrates |
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Term
| vesicular/ Graafian follicle |
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Definition
| a stage in which the oocyte is almost ready for ovulation, which soon occurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| the final stage in oogenesis, which is completed when pentrated by a sperm. The oocyte gives off a tiny second polar body and becomes a fertilized egg |
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Definition
| LH transforms the ruptured follicle (after ovulation) into a body which produces progesterone and estrogen |
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Term
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Definition
| the scar tissue which replaced the corpus luteum when it degenerated |
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Term
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Definition
| outermost layer of the ovary |
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Term
| secondary (growing) follicles |
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Definition
| follicles consisting of several layers of follicle (granulosa) cells surrounding the central developing ovum, and beginning to show evidence of fluid accumulation and antrum formation |
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Term
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Definition
| central cavity of the follicle |
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Term
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Definition
| a capsule of several layers of granulosa cells around the oocyte |
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Definition
| background connective tissue which encloses the follicle after ovulation |
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Term
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Definition
| a hormonally controlled cycle, by estrogens and progesterone secreted by the ovary. Three stages: menstrual, proliferative, and secretory |
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Term
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Definition
| days 1-5: sloughing off of the thick functional layer of the endometrial lining of the uterus, accompanied by bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| days 6-14: under the influence of estrogens produced by the growing follicle, the endometrium is repaired, glands and blood vessels proliferated, and the endometrium thickens, ovulation at the end |
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Term
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Definition
| days 15-28: under the influence of progesterone, the vascular supply to the endometrium increases. The glands increase in size and secrete nutrient substances |
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