Term
| what were the names of the 5 treaties that were written after WWI? |
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Definition
1. Versailles
2. Sevres
3. St. Germain
4. Neuilly
5. Trianon
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Term
| What country was the treat of Versailles written for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What country was the treat of Sevres written for? |
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Definition
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Term
Who were the 4 mean that met to write the Peace Treaty of 1919?
What countries were they from? |
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Definition
France: Georges Clemenceau
England: David Lloyd George
Italy: Victor Orlando
U.S.: Woodrow Wilson |
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Term
| Where did the 4 men meet to write the Peace Treaty? |
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Definition
| They met in the palace of Versailles |
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Term
Who built the palace of Versailles in Paris?
Who had control over it? |
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Definition
Louis the 14th built the palace
The government had control over it because no one wanted to live in it since it was so expensive to maintain |
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Term
| Who did Woodrow Wilson arrive with when he came to Paris? |
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Definition
| Wilson arrived with only a few politicians, he brought no experts, something that was very necessary |
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Term
What type of delusions was Wilson having?
What happened in France that didn't help with these delusions? |
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Definition
Wilson was having delusions that he was sent by God to ' save the world '
When he arrived to France, everyone was cheering for him because France and England won the war when the US entered it |
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Term
| What was the 14th point on Wilsons The Fourteen Points? |
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Definition
#14: League of Nations:
If 2 countries were in condlict, all the countries in the League of Nations would step in to resolve it |
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Term
| What were the 5 new countries that came to be after the war? |
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Definition
1. Yugoslavia
2. Czechoslavia
3. Poland
4. Austria
5. Hungary |
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Term
| What land was used to create the 5 new countries? |
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Definition
| Most of it came from the land that used to be "Austria-Hungary" |
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Term
| What was the original plan of the Sevres Treaty? |
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Definition
- The European part of Turkey would be taken away from Turkey
- Constantinople would become an "international city", in which no country would own it.
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Term
| How did Mustapha Kemal (the President of Turkey at the time) respond to the original Sevres treaty? |
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Definition
| Kemal refused to abide by this treaty. When they threatened to fight Turkey if he didn't accept, Kemal still refused because he knew they wouldn't carry out their threats because they just came out of war and if they went back into one, their people would revolt. |
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Term
| What was the name of the treaty that finally ended WWI after 4 years? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the points of the Treaty of Versailles? |
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Definition
- Germany would lose 13% of their land
- Germany would only be allowed an army of 100,000 and no offensive weapons. They also wouldn't be permitted to rebuild
- The French army would be sent to the Rhine land for 15 years to live there. After 15 yrs, France would leave, but Germany would never be allowed to protect that border
- Germany would be responsible for all war pensions --> "The War Guilt Clause"
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Term
| Explain the War Guilt Clause |
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Definition
| The War Guilt Clause put Germany 100% responsible for the war financially. They assigned a $ value for every soldier who died, or was injured. The bill was initially $5 billion dollars, but more costs were to come.. |
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Term
| What were the total losses in land and population for Germany? |
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Definition
13% of territory
10% of population |
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Term
| what is the word used to states the costs Germnay had to pay to all the other countries? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why didn't any other country want anything to do with Germany's money? |
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Definition
| Because Germany is so in debt, it's money is now worthless |
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Term
| What was the aim of the Versailles Treay, and what did it actually do? |
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Definition
| The Treat aimed to beat Germany into submission, hoping penalty would change them. But it did the opposite, and the treaty turned out to be a disaster |
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Term
| Who wrote a book in 1923 explaining exactly what would come out of the Versailles Treaty? |
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Definition
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Term
What did Germany do when they were given the treaty to sign?
What should they have done instead? |
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Definition
| Germany agreed to sign it, when they should have refused because this tactic proved to have worked for Turkey |
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Term
| What happenedto Germany's economy when it signed the treaty? |
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Definition
| They went into hyper-inflation |
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Term
| Explain what happens with hyper-inflation |
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Definition
With hyper-inflation:
prices go up 200%-400%
wages go up 100%
you have to spend all your money right away before prices go up |
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Term
In becoming a democracy, Germany had to write a Constitution that everyone would have to obey
What was the constitution called? |
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Definition
| The Constituion was called the Weiman Constitution |
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Term
| What did the Weiman Constitution set up? |
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Definition
| It set up a Parliamentary Democracy (a.k.a. a legislative) |
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Term
| Who is given the power in the Weiman Constitution? |
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Definition
| Most of the is given to the legislative, and could only be given elsewhere in case of a national emergency |
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Term
| what was the problem with the part of the constitution that gave outside power during a national emergency |
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Definition
| The constitution did not define what a national emergency would be |
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Term
| Why didn't the new government get off to a good start? |
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Definition
| the people already hated it |
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Term
| What two things could Germany have done during the war to help out financially? What did they do instead? |
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Definition
1. Germany could have raised their taxes
2. Germany could also have taken out loans from other countries
Instead, they just kept on printing money which caused an inflation |
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Term
| Explain how Germany used to be before WWI |
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Definition
| Germany used to be VERY prosperous. They were very successful in all aspects of the industrial revolution and used to spend a lot of money |
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Term
| How did Germanys situation after the war affect the other countries? |
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Definition
Because Germany now didn't have any money left, they couldn't spend any in other countries (something they did A LOT before)
So if Germany was going down financially, so was the rest of the world |
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Term
| Who did the German's use as a scapecoat to blame for all the problems they were dealing with? |
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Definition
| They hated Jews, Communists, and Anarchists and blamed them all. |
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Term
What did the French start doing to the coal miners in Ruhr Valley?
What did this cause? |
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Definition
The French started taking coal from the coal miners in Ruhr Valley -->
this angered the miners because they were being forced to give money to the French so they went on strike |
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Term
Who was Walter Ratherman?
What was the plan that he came up with? |
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Definition
Walter Ratherman was a very respected business man, he became in charge of finances after the war
The plan he came up with was the idea of Germnay paying back France and Britain with manufactured goods, instead of American dollars which they didn't have |
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Term
| What happened to Walter Ratherman? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who came up with the Dawes Plan and what did it do? |
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Definition
Charles Dawes
The plan said that Germans would only pay off what they could pay, instead of expecting them to pay the initial set amount
America would give them loans to build factories and make $$ |
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Term
| What did the French fear about the Dawes plan and what did that lead to? |
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Definition
The French feared the Germans would take this $ and build their army and buy weapons
So they decided to send an American commissioner over to over see the Germans |
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Term
| Who helped convince the Reichstag to agree to this plan? |
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Definition
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Term
| in 1927, the Dawes Plan was modified and became what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did the Young Plan do? |
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Definition
Because Germany was doing so well paying back the money, they cost down they money they owed in half
(optimism) |
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Term
| In the spirit of optimism of this time period, what other plan was put through? |
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Definition
Kellog Briand Pact (1928)
It created a document saying that war was outlawed
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