Term
| After Emperor William of Germany died in 1888, and his son Fredrich I took over but also died from cancer, who became the emperor? |
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Definition
| Fredrich I's son became Emperor William II |
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Term
| What physical attribute caused William II to lack in his personality? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did Emperor Will II dress and act, and how did he feel towards Bismark? Why? |
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Definition
Emmperor Will II came off monstrous, and he called himself an instrument of god.
He would always wear military clothes, but wasn't anti-jewish.
He didn't like Bismark because he wanted to be the one in charge but Bismark wanted to make the calls. |
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Term
What type of government was Germany at the time?
What was it called? |
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Definition
Germany was a constitutional monarchy
It was called Reichstag |
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Term
Who was the leader of the Germany navy?
How did he feel about Emperor William II? |
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Definition
Admural Alfred Von Triptiz
He knew the emperor was a fool but would tell him he was "great" to build himself up |
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Term
| What did Emperor William II do with Bismark and his policies? |
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Definition
| He fired Bismark but kept his policies |
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Term
| Why did Austria-Hungary lack nationalism? |
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Definition
| Because there were over 20 nationalisties and many different religions (greek and russian orthodox, islam, etc.), and languages, so the empire did not feel unified |
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Term
| What type of governemnt did Austria-Hungary have and what was it called? |
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Definition
| They had a constitutional monarchy and it was called Reichstat |
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Term
| Where was the center of the Austria-Hungary empire? |
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Definition
The center of the empire was their capital city, Vienna
(also the center of culture at the time) |
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Term
Vienna was also the center of what?
(Hint: Freud) |
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Definition
| It was the centel of psychology |
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Term
| Sigmund Freud (The Father of Psychology) lived in Vienna, and he was the first to say what about mental illness? |
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Definition
| Freud was the first to say that mental ill was a disease and could be treatable/curable |
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Term
| How did they treat mental illnesses prior to Freud's findings? |
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Definition
They would treat the illnesses through excorcisms, holy water and drilling holes into the skulls to "remove the devil".
Before Freud, the whole world thought that mental illnesses were possessions |
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Term
| How did Freud say you could solve the mental illness? |
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Definition
Freud said that in order to solve the problem, you would go back to the age you were when the problem came about
EX: breastfeeding stage.
Freud had 3 stages |
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Term
| Who ruled Austria Hungary 1848-1916? |
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Definition
| Franz Joseph ruled for 68 years |
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Term
| Who was Joseph's son and what did he force him to do? |
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Definition
| Josephs son was Rudulf, and he was forved to marry a Belgian princess, but was very unhappy about it |
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Term
| What was the story of Rudulf and his love life? |
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Definition
He met Marie Vitsera, fell in lvoe and wanted to divorce his wife and marrry her.
His father prohibited him from doing so, so he killed Marie and then himself. |
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Term
| Who was Joseph's wife and how did she feel about him? |
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Definition
Joseph was married to Elizabeth.
She despised her husband and blamed her sons death on him. She was further infuriated when she found out he had syphilis from fooling around and gave it to her |
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Term
| What type of government did Russia have? |
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Definition
An absolute monarchy -->
all the power was in the hands of the king or queen |
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Term
| Who ruled Russia from 1894-1918? |
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Definition
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Term
Who taught Nicholas II?
What kind of a person was he? |
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Definition
Konstantin Podensov taught Nicholas.
He was a religious fanatic, and made Nicholas one too. |
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Term
Who did Nicholas II marry?
What kind of a person was she? |
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Definition
| Nicholas married Alexandra, who was also religious fanatic and had great influence over him |
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Term
| What made Nicholas decide to go to war? |
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Definition
The condition of 90% of the people in Russian was horrible.
So Nicholas decides he would go to war to win more land.
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Term
| What was the outcome of Nicholas' attempted war against China? |
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Definition
Nicholas decided to fight China, along with Japan, and would take half of Manchuria and half of Korea.
But Nich felt superior as a white man to the Japanese and did not want to make a deal with them, rather, he wanted to take all the land himself.
He didn't realize how fit Japan was for fighting a war, and how much more industrialized they were.
They could not get soldiers out fast enough either, so Nich had to surrender |
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Term
| What happened after surrendering to Japan? |
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Definition
| The war was demoralizing to Russia, and hurtful to the poor, who were already suffering |
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Term
| Who was the priest that led the group on Bloody Sunday and what was the name of his church? |
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Definition
Father Gapon
St. Petersburg Church |
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Term
| What made Father Gapon take the people to see the Czar? |
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Definition
| The people at the church came to Father Gapon complaining of how hungry they were and that they needed jobs. So he took them to the Czar in hopes of him helping them out. |
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Term
Once at the palace of the czar, what ignited the shooting?
How many died? |
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Definition
Someone in the crowd (of thousands of people) yelled out that there was a gun, so the guards started shooting at the crowd.
About 1,000 died |
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Term
| What did Bloody Sunday start and why? |
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Definition
Soon after Bloody Sunday, the Revolution of 1905 started.
Everyone had been outraged by the massacre where innocent women and children had been killed.
Country went on a General Strike |
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Term
| Who was Nicholas' advisor? How did his wife Alexandria feel about him? |
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Definition
| Nicholas' advisor was Count Witte Alexandria hated him off |
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Term
| What made Nicholas finally agree to give up some of his power? |
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Definition
| At first, Nicholas refused to give up any power, but as the situation got worse and the strikers were becoming more militant/violent, they were going to behead him.. |
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Term
| What changed after Nicholas agreed to give some of his power? |
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Definition
A constitutional monarchy was created, in which the legislative called the Duma would have some power.
But Nicholas only agreed to a constitutional monarchy on paper because in person he gave them no power |
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Term
| What kind of disease did Alexandra have and which one of her kids was it passed on to? |
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Definition
Alexandra had a chromosomal disease called 'hemophilia, where if you get a bruise, you would continue to bleed internally for months at a time before the bruise would clot up.
This disease could only be passed on to males, so her young son Alexei got this disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Resputin was a dirty, filthy man, not attractive, and pretty much illeterate, and he preached that he was a man of God and used that to seduce woman |
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Term
| How did Resputin manage to get involved with the Nicholas' family? |
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Definition
| While in St.Petersburg, Resputin was among the rich and played them since he understood human nature well. Alexandra found out about Resputin and she called for him to come and try to help her son w/ his disease |
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Term
| How did WWI, The Great War, affect men and women? |
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Definition
It destroyed the entire male generation of Europe at the time, w/ 20 million dead.
Women were affected because they could not marry, so they grew old with no families or kids. |
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Term
| Who discovered dynamite and what did it end up being used for? |
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Definition
Alfred Nobel
Dynamite was used in destructive wars. |
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Term
| How did Nobel feel about dynamite being used for destruction and what did that lead him to do? |
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Definition
Nobel was upset to see dynamite used for bad purposes, so in his will, he left millions to be given to those who would do great change-->
Nobel Peace Prize |
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Term
| Explain the effect of iron ships, submarines and railroads on war |
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Definition
iron ships: they made it more difficult to win while fighting--> hence the wars took longer to end
submarines: they made attacking without warning possible, killed in large #'s
railroads: transported soldiers much quickers so it left little time for anyone to change their mind about going to war |
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Term
| Explain the concept of Alliances |
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Definition
countries created Alliances with each other, so if a country fought--> then all the countries in that allaince would fight with them too.
Their mentality was "we have to do this because we agreed/signed" |
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Term
| What happened to Serbia after the Ottoman Empire? |
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Definition
| Serbia needed access to water, so they decided to go to war, not thinking about how they were poor because they were strong on nationalism |
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Term
| What was the idea of "pan" and how did Russia plan to utilize it? |
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Definition
pan-slavism, pan-africanism, etc., was the idea that all countries of similar backgrounds would live together.
Russia attempted to take over smaller countries through this idea |
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Term
| Who was next in line to take over the heir after Franz Joseph? |
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Definition
| His nephew Franz Ferdemand |
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Term
| Who 2 countries were added on to Austria-Hungary? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did the Black Hand group want to kill Fedamand? |
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Definition
They wanted to kill him, so there would be no leader of Austria-Hungry= hence the country would not exist, and they would unite pan-slavism
(they were pro-nationalism) |
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Term
| How did Ferdemand and his wife die? |
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Definition
| while visiting Sarajevo, a member of the Black Hand shot them both and killed them, part of their plan |
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Term
| Who does Franz Joseph blame for the death of Ferdemand and what does he do to that country? |
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Definition
Joseph blames Serbia (although it was Russia that was supporting the Black Hand).
He tells Serbia that they must reduce their territory and they must decrease their army to a skeleton crew. |
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Term
| Why is Joseph furious when Serbia agrees to his conditions? |
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Definition
| because he now no longer has a reason to attack Serbia and take ALL of their land, which is what he originally wanted |
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Term
| Explain what happened when Joseph asked Germany whether he should go to war with Serbia |
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Definition
Germany gives Joseph a blank check, basically telling him that they will support him no matter what he decides.
Germany knew that Joseph would choose to go to war.
Germany greatly feared Russia. Since Serbia and Russia had an alliance, if Joseph and Germany fight Serbia, that means they would fight Russia too |
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Term
| Why did Germany fear Russia? |
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Definition
| Because Russian had incredible natural resources, and they wante dto attack Russia before a great leader came along and made them much stronger |
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Term
| Who were the Central Powers |
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Definition
Germany
Austria Hungary
Turkey |
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Term
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Definition
Serbia
England/Great Britain
Russia
France |
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Term
August 1st, 1913
what happened? |
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Definition
Austria Hungary attacks Serbia -->
Russia attacks Austria Hungary -->
Germany attacks Russia --> France attacks Germamy |
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Term
ESSAY #1: WHY THE SCHLIEFFEN PLAN FAILED
who created the schlieffen plan?
what country was it supposed to conquer? |
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Definition
created by helmuth vons schlieffen
it was a plan to conquer Paris, which meant conquering France, and it would be done in 6 weeks
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Term
ESSAY #1: WHY THE SCHLIEFFEN PLAN FAILED
what were the 3 points of the schlieffen plan? |
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Definition
1. The English would not enter the war
2. Belgium would not object of Germany crossing through their country
3. The plan would be done with speed
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